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6 protocols using tprofessional standard thermocycler

1

DNA Extraction and Molecular Marker Amplification

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Genomic DNA was extracted from the voucher specimens using the Sangon Fungus Genomic DNA Extraction kit (Sangon Biotech Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Primer pairs ITS5/ITS4 (White et al. 1990 (link)), LR0R/LR5 (Vilgalys and Hester 1990 (link)), and atp6-2/atp6-3 (Kretzer and Bruns 1999 (link)) were used for amplifying ITS, nrLSU and atp6, respectively. PCR reactions was performed in a total volume of 25 μl containing 0.5 μl template DNA, 11 μl distilled water, 0.5 μl of each primer and 12.5 μl 2 × PCR mix (DreamTaqtm Green PCR Master Mix, Fermentas). Amplification reactions were performed in a Tprofessional Standard Thermocycler (Biometra, Göttingen, Germany) under the following conditions: 95°C for 4 min; then 35 cycles of denaturation at 94°C for 60s, annealing at 53°C for 60s, and extension at 72°C for 60s; with a final extension at 72°C for 8 min. The PCR products were electrophoresed on 1% agarose gels and sequencing was performed on an ABI Prism® 3730 Genetic Analyser (PE Applied Biosystems, Foster, CA, USA) at the Beijing Genomic Institute (BGI) using the same PCR primers. The raw sequences were assembled and checked with SeqMan implemented in Lasergene v7.1 (DNASTAR Inc., USA). The newly generated sequences in this study were submitted to GenBank.
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2

CTAB DNA Extraction and PCR Analysis

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PCR instrument: MJ Research PTC-200 Peltier Thermal Cycler (Bio-Rad company), Tprofessional standard Thermocycler (Biometra company) and Light Cycler® 96 System (Roche company); Mikro 120 type microcentrifuge (Hettich company); BG-Power 600k electrophoresis apparatus (Beijing Baijing Biotechnology Co., Ltd.); automatic gel imaging analyzer (Beijing Baijing biotechnology limited company); UV-2102 PCS type ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer [Unique (Shanghai) Instrument Co. Ltd.]; WH-3 type vortex oscillator (Shanghai Huxi analytical instrument Factory Co. Ltd.); SYQ-DSX-280B type portable stainless steel autoclave (Shanghai Shenan medical instrument factory).
2×CTAB extract; ethidium bromide (EB); Taq DNA Polymerases (Shanghai Sangon bioengineering Co., Ltd.): Hot start Taq DNA polymerase, Taq DNA Polymerase, and Taq Plus DNA Polymerase; dNTPs. DNA marker (100bp to 600bp); and agarose (Shanghai Sangon bioengineering Co, Ltd.). Other related reagents were molecular biology grade or analytically pure.
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3

Fungal Genomic DNA Extraction and Gene Amplification

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The genomic DNA was extracted from the voucher specimens using the Sangon Fungus Genomic DNA Extraction kit (Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Primer pairs LR0R/LR7 [29 (link)], tef1F/tef1R or tef-1Fcanth/tef-1Rcanth [1 (link),30 (link)] and RPB2-5FCanth/RPB2-7cRCanth [1 (link)] were used to amplify the LSU, tef1, and rpb2 genes, respectively. The PCR reactions were performed in a total volume of 25 μL containing 0.5 μL template DNA, 11 μL distilled water, 0.5 μL of each primer, and 12.5 μL PCR mix [DreamTaqtm Green PCR Master Mix (2×), Fermentas, USA]. The amplification reactions were performed in a Tprofessional Standard Thermocycler (Biometra, Göttingen, Germany) under the following conditions: 95 °C for 4 min; then 35 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 60 s, annealing at 53 °C (LSU) /50 °C (tef1) /52 °C (rpb2) for 60 s, and extension at 72 °C for 60 s; with a final extension at 72 °C for 8 min. The PCR products were electrophoresed on a 1% agarose gel with known standard DNA markers and the sequencing was performed on an ABI Prism® 3730 Genetic Analyzer (PE Applied Biosystems, Foster, CA, USA) at the Beijing Genomic Institute using the same primers. The raw sequences were assembled with SeqMan implemented in Lasergene v7.1 (DNASTAR, Madison, USA). The newly generated sequences in this study were submitted to GenBank.
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4

Fungal DNA Extraction and Sequencing

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Genomic DNA was extracted from the voucher specimens using the Sangon Fungus Genomic DNA Extraction kit (Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Primer pairs LROR/LR7 [24 (link)], tef1F/tef1R and RPB2-5FCanth/RPB2-7cRCanth [3 (link),25 (link)] were used to amplify the LSU, tef1 and rpb2 region, respectively. PCR reactions were performed in a total volume of 25 μL containing 0.5 μL template DNA, 11 μL sterile deionized water, 0.5 μL of each primer and 12.5 μL 2 × PCR mix [DreamTaqtm Green PCR Master Mix (2×), Fermentas, USA]. Amplification reactions were performed in a Tprofessional Standard thermocycler (Biometra, Göttingen, Germany) under the following conditions: 95 °C for 4 min; then, 35 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 60 s, annealing at 53 °C (LSU)/50 °C (tef1)/52 °C (rpb2) for 60 s and extension at 72 °C for 60 s; with a final extension at 72 °C for 8 min. The PCR products were electrophoresed on 1% agarose gels and then send for sequencing on an ABI Prism® 3730 Genetic Analyzer (PE Applied Biosystems, Foster, CA, USA) at the Beijing Genomic Institute (BGI) using the same PCR primers. The raw sequences were assembled and checked with SeqMan implemented in Lasergene v7.1 (DNASTAR Inc., Madison, WI, USA). The newly generated sequences in this study were submitted to GenBank.
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5

Multiplex PCR Assays for Staphylococcal Enterotoxins

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Two multiplex PCR (mPCR) assays were used to detect STE-encoding genes. The first (mPCR1), performed with 6 pairs of primers, allowed detection of the following genes: sea, seb, sec, sed, see, and ser (De Buyser et al., 2009a) . The second reaction (mPCR2) enabled us to identify the seg, seh, sei, sej, and sep genes (De Buyser et al., 2009b) . Both mPCR were carried out in a TProfessional Standard Thermocycler (Biometra, Jena, Germany) with the conditions as follows: 94°C for 3 min, then 35 cycles at 94°C for 30 s, 55°C for 40 s (mPCR1), and 52°C for 30 s (mPCR2), 72°C for 90 s with final extension at 72°C for 7 min. The amplified PCR products were visualized by standard gel electrophoresis in a 2% agarose gel stained by ethidium bromide (5 μg/mL). The gels were photographed under UV light using the Gel-Doc 2000 system (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA).
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6

PCR Amplification Protocol and Analysis

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Amplifications were carried out in a T-Professional Standard Thermo cycler (Biometra GmbH, Gottingen, Germany) under the following conditions: initial denaturation at 94°C for 5 min; 30 cycles of 45 s denaturation at 94°C, 30 s at annealing temperature (Table 1) and 45 s extension at 72°C; and, a final extension at 72°C for 5 min. Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to determine the size and quantity of PCR products.
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