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Concentrated hydrochloric acid hcl

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in Germany, Canada

Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a clear, colorless, and highly corrosive liquid chemical used in various laboratory applications. It is a strong inorganic acid that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions (H+) and chloride ions (Cl-). Concentrated HCl is typically used as a reagent or for the preparation of other chemical solutions.

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5 protocols using concentrated hydrochloric acid hcl

1

Hydrophobin SC3 Surface Functionalization

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Hydrophobin SC3 (SC3) was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH (Steinheim, Germany). N-acetyl-d-penicillamine (NAP), sodium nitrite, concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), tetrahydrofuran (THF), sodium phosphate monobasic (NaH2PO4), sodium phosphate dibasic (Na2HPO4), potassium chloride, sodium chloride, fibrinogen from bovine plasma, and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO). Luria Agar (LA) and Luria broth (LB) were purchased from Fischer BioReagents (Fair Lawn, NJ). Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) and methanol were purchased from Fisher-Scientific (Hampton, NH). Potassium phosphate monobasic (KH2PO4) was purchased from BDH Chemicals–VWR International (West Chester, PA). CarboSil® 2080A (mentioned as “CarboSil” hereon) was obtained from DSM Biomedical Inc. (Berkeley, CA). Milli-Q filter was used to obtain de-ionized (DI) water for the aqueous solution preparations. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538, S. aureus) was used for all bacterial experiments. Mouse fibroblast cells (ATCC 1658) was used as the model mammalian cell for cytotoxicity assays.
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2

Heparin-based Antimicrobial Hydrogel Synthesis

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Heparin sodium salt from porcine intestinal mucosa, N-acetyl-D-penicillamine (NAP), sodium nitrite, concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), tetrahydrofuran (THF), sodium phosphate monobasic (NaH2PO4), sodium phosphate dibasic (Na2HPO4), potassium chloride, sodium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES), N-Hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), (3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (AMPTS), fibrinogen from bovine plasma, and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO). Luria Agar (LA) and Luria broth (LB) were purchased from Fischer BioReagents (Fair Lawn, NJ). Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) and methanol were purchased from Fisher-Scientific (Hampton,NH). Potassium phosphate monobasic (KH2PO4) was purchased from BDH Chemicals–VWR International (West Chester, PA). Tygon 3350™ silicone rubber (SR) was obtained from Saint Gobain (Malvern, PA). DAP™ silicone sealant adhesive was obtained from RPM International (Medina, OH). Milli-Q filter was used to obtain de-ionized (DI) water for the aqueous solution preparations. Sigma-Aldrich PBS tablets were prepared at a pH of 7.4. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538, S. aureus) was used for all bacterial experiments.
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3

3D Printed Porous PVA Stents

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Porous tubular stents (25 mm length, 5 mm external diameter, and 3 mm internal diameter) were created with free computer aided design (CAD) software (Tinker-CAD, AutoDesk, San Francisco, CA, USA). 96 square pores (1 mm × 1 mm) were created in the stent design with 1 mm spacing between each pore. PVA filaments (AquaSolve™, Formfutura, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 1.75 mm diameter) were 3D printed into the designed stent pattern at 201 °C using a consumer grade 3D printed (MakerBot Replicator desktop 3D printer, MakerBot Industries LLC, Brooklyn, NY, USA) with supports turned off and raft turned on. PVA 3D printed stents were immersed in distilled water briefly to fuse layers, and cross-linked (XL) by placing the stents in a gas vapor desiccator with two separate containers containing 20 mL of 6.25% glutaraldehyde (GA) (EMD Millipore Corporation, Darmstadt, Germany) and 10 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) (Fisher Scientific, Hampton, NH, USA) at 42 °C for 24 h. XL-PVA stents were next rinsed extensively in distilled water and soaked in 70% ethanol for 24 h. XL-PVA stents were rinsed again and placed in 1X phosphate buffer solution (PBS) for storage.
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4

Synthesis of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent

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1-Pyrenebutyric acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), 1,3-diaminopropane, N-hydroxysuccinimide, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), gadolinium (III) chloride, and xylenol orange were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl), concentrated nitric acid, 1x phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and molecular sieves (type 3A) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA). Ethanol was purchased from UNMC internal supply. Sodium hyaluronate (HA) was purchased from Lifecore Biomedical (Chaska, MN). Matrigel was purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA). Cy7.5-amine was purchased from Lumiprobe Corporation (Hallandale Beach, FL).
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5

Preparation of Saline Solutions

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Solutions were prepared by dissolving crystalline sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) (Laboratory MAT, Montreal, Qc, Canada) in 1 L of distilled water to give a final concentration ranging between 0.5 to 0.05 mol/L. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium chloride (NaCl) were purchased from VWR International LLC (West Chester, PA). Concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Ottawa, Canada).
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