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Anti dcx

Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States

Anti-DCX is a lab equipment product that serves as a detection and measurement tool. It functions as an antibody specific to the DCX (doublecortin) protein, which is involved in neuronal migration and differentiation. Anti-DCX can be used in various applications related to the analysis and study of the DCX protein and its associated cellular processes.

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7 protocols using anti dcx

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Neurogenesis

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Three coronal sections from each mouse (450-μm interval) were incubated with 10% normal donkey serum for 1 hour and then with the following primary antibodies for overnight at 4℃: rabbit polyclonal anti-doublecortin (anti-DCX, 1:1,000; Millipore Corp., Burlington, MA, USA), mouse monoclonal anti-human nuclei (hNU, 1:200; Millipore Corp.). After washing with PBS, the sections were incubated with the following secondary antibodies for 2 hours at room temperature (22℃±3℃): Alexa488-conjugated donkey anti-mouse IgG (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA, USA), Cy3-conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson ImmunoResearch). Then, after washing with PBS, the sections were mounted with DAPI (4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole)-included mounting media and observed using a confocal microscopy (LSM 510 Meta; Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).
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2

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Neural Markers

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All samples were stained as previously described by our laboratory(Hill et al. 2018a (link); Hill et al. 2018b (link)). Antibodies used were anti-Ki67 (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, UK; Cat# ab15580 Lot# GR264777 RRID:AB_443209), anti-DCX (1:1000, Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA; Cat# AB2253 Lot# 2828588 RRID:AB_1586992), anti-BrdU (1:200, Abcam, Cat# ab6326 Lot# GR267766–1 RRID:AB_305426), anti-IBA-1 (1:500, Wako Chemicals, Richmond, VA, USA; Cat# 019–19741 Lot#WDK2121 RRID:AB_839504), and anti-CD68 (1:1000, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA; Cat# MLA1957 Lot#1708 RRID:AB_322219). Secondary antibodies used were Alexa-488® goat anti-guinea pig (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA; Cat# A-11073 Lot#1841755 RRID:AB_2534117), Alexa-594® donkey anti-rat (Thermo Fisher Scientific; Cat# A-21209 Lot#45081A RRID:AB_2535795), Alexa-488® donkey anti-rabbit (Thermo Fisher Scientific; Cat# A-21206 Lot#1608521 RRID:AB_2535792). All secondary antibodies were used at a dilution of 1:400. Imaging for in vivo quantification was performed using a CoolSNAP EZ CCD camera (Photometrics, Tucson, AZ, USA) coupled to a Nikon i80 Eclipse (Nikon Instruments Inc., Melville, NY, USA). Confocal images were taken on a Nikon A1R confocal microscope (Nikon).
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3

Immunofluorescent Labeling of Neurogenesis in Stroke Mice

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At different time points after stroke, mice were perfused transcardially
with a solution of 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA, pH 7.2) in 0.1 M
phosphate buffer (PB, pH 7.2). Brains were removed from the skull, post-fixed in
4% PFA overnight at 4 °C, and sequentially transferred to 20% and 30%
sucrose in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2 solutions overnight. Brains were
frozen on dry ice and sectioned on a cryostat to obtain coronal sections of 30
μm in thickness.
The sections were then incubated with blocking buffer for one hour. The
primary antibodies were prepared in the blocking buffer and the sections were
incubated in the solution overnight: anti-GFP (Green fluorescent protein)
(1:1000; Invitrogen) and anti-DCX (1:500, Millipore). After incubation with
primary antibody solution, the sections were washed and incubated for four hours
at room temperature in diluted secondary antibody prepared with blocking
solution (secondary antibody conjugated with Alexa 488 or Alexa
555, 1:1000; Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA). The slides were then washed
with PB solution and cover-slipped. Images were acquired using a Leica
microscope. Omission of primary or secondary antibodies resulted in no staining
and served as negative controls. Group and treatment information are all blinded
to image analyzer.
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4

Labeling Neural Stem Cells After TBI

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Two hours after TBI and MSC transplantation, the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 5-Bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU; Sigma; 75 mg/kg). After 24 h or 7 days, the mice were transcardially perfused. Mice in the 7-day group received one dose of BrdU/day. They were anesthetized, and transcardiac perfusion was performed with 4% paraformaldehyde. The brain was then dehydrated with 30% sucrose for 48 h. Brain coronal sections (20 μm) were incubated overnight with anti-GFAP (Millipore, Temecula, CA, USA), anti-DCX (Millipore), and anti-BrdU (Axyll, New York, NY, USA) primary antibodies at 4°C. Then, the slices were incubated at 37°C for 1 h with secondary antibodies labeled with Alexa Fluor® 488 or Alexa Fluor® 594 (Invitrogen). Images were acquired using scanning fluorescence microscopy (Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany). For statistical analysis, we selected three slices from each brain for staining (n = 3 for each group).
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5

Comprehensive Immunolabeling of Neural Cells

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For immunohistochemical analysis, cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) in 120mM phosphate buffer (PBS), pH 7.4, permeabilized with 0.05% Triton X-100 in PBS, blocked with 10% goat serum in PBS and subjected to immunohistochemistry staining with primary and secondary antibodies diluted in the blocking solution.
For immunolabelling the following antibodies at indicated dilutions were used: anti-Nestin (1:400; BD Bioscience), anti-Sox1 (1:100; R&D Systems), anti-Sox2 (1:200; Abcam), anti-Pax6 (1:200; DSHB), anti-Ki67 (1:200; Vector Labs), anti-TuJ1 (1:400; Covance), anti-Map2 (1:200; Millipore), anti-DCX (1:200; Millipore), anti-GFAP (1:200; Millipore), anti-O4 (1:50, Sigma-Aldrich), anti-GABA (1:200, Abcam), anti-vGlut1 (1:200; Millipore), anti-TH (1:100, Millipore), anti-Synaptophysin (1:100; Millipore), anti-PSD95 (1:200; Invitrogen), anti-vimentin (1:5000; Abcam), anti-S100β (1:1000; Sigma-Aldrich), anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4, 1:100; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and anti-excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2, 1:100; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), secondary Alexafluorophore-conjugated antibodies (1:1000, Invitrogen). DNA was stained using Hoechst 33258 (1:10000, Invitrogen). All cells expressing a particular marker were counted manually and normalized to the total number of cells.
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6

Western Blot Analysis of Neural Markers

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The NSCs were homogenized in lysis buffer and centrifuged (12000 g at 4℃) for 15 min. Equal amounts of protein (30 µg) from the supernatants were separated on a 10% acrylamide gel, and the proteins were electrotransferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. After blocking, the membranes were incubated with primary antibody at 4℃. The primary antibodies included anti-DCX (1:2000, Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), anti-NeuN (1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), and anti-β-actin (1:2000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) antibodies. The membranes were then incubated with secondary antibodies. The blots were rinsed, and protein bands were visualized using an enhanced chemiluminescence detection system (Amersham, Pittsburgh, PA, USA).
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7

Multimarker Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cell Types

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Free floating sections were washed 3 times in PBS, and then incubated in blocking solution (0.1% Triton X-100, 1% bovine serum albumin, and 5% normal serum in PBS) for 1 h at room temperature, followed by overnight incubation with primary antibody at 4 °C. The sections were washed again with PBS (3 times), and incubated at room temperature for 2 h with the secondary antibody. After treatment (2 min) with DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole), the sections were washed with PBS (3 times). The sections were put on the slides and mounted using Fluorescent Mount G. Primary antibodies and their final concentrations were as follows: anti-EGFP (1:1000, chicken, Abcam), anti-Nanog (1:200, rabbit, Abcam), anti-SSEA4 (1:100, mouse, Abcam), anti-nestin (1:1000; rabbit; Covance), anti-GFAP (1:1000, mouse, Sigma), anti-CD11b (1:200, rabbit, Millipore), anti-IbaI (1:200, goat, Abcam), anti-NG2 (1:200, rabbit, Millipore), anti-Dcx (1:1000, Guniea pig, Millipore), anti-NeuN (1:1000, mouse, Millipore), anti-Brachyury (1:100, rabbit, Abcam), anti-Gata4 (1:100, rabbit, Abcam). Secondary antibodies from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, Inc. were applied in a dilution of 1:1000.
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