Smart control

Manufactured by Cordis

Sourced in United States

Smart Control is a lab equipment that enables precise and automated control of various parameters in a laboratory setting. It features advanced sensors and microprocessor-based control systems to monitor and regulate factors such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and other critical variables. The core function of Smart Control is to provide reliable, consistent, and reproducible experimental conditions for researchers and scientists.

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Lab products found in correlation

Wallstent, by Boston Scientific (1 mentions) Zilver, by Cook Medical (1 mentions) Supera, by Abbott (1 mentions) Absolute pro, by Abbott (1 mentions) Complete se, by Medtronic (1 mentions)

4 protocols using smart control

Femoropopliteal Stenting Outcomes in PAD

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This is a single-center and single-armed longitudinal retrospective analysis based on a database that is populated prospectively (a longitudinal study with protocol) covering patients with PAD at the Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), located in Campinas, SP, Brazil. The sample comprised symptomatic patients (Rutherford 3-6) treated with stenting in the femoropopliteal territory from July 2012 to July 2015. The popliteal territory was defined as up to P1, which corresponds to the proximal segment, running from the channel of the adductor muscles to the upper margin of the patella. The patients analyzed were treated with anterograde and retrograde access, using S.M.A.R.T. Control™ (Cordis, Miami Lakes, FL, United States) and Astron Pulsar (Biotronik AG, Buelach, Switzerland) stents.
Primary patency was defined as absence of significant intrastent stenosis or occlusion on Doppler ultrasound or arteriography with no need for any type of intervention. The criterion employed to define intrastent stenosis was a peak systolic velocity ratio greater than 2.

Geiger M.A, & Guillaumon A.T. (2019). Primary stenting for femoropopliteal peripheral arterial disease: analysis up to 24 months. Jornal Vascular Brasileiro, 18, e20160104.

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Balloon Angioplasty and Stent Placement

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The technical details of the balloon angioplasty and stent placement procedure have been described elsewhere (21 (link)-23 (link)). In brief, access to the common femoral veins was established under local anesthesia, intraoperative 3-dimensional (3D) imaging was reconstructed depending on the venography (Philip Interventional Workspot; Philips, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), and then the stenosis of the iliac vein (>50%) and visualization of collateral circulation were used to determine stent placement. Before stenting, the balloon catheters (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) were used for dilation, and stenosis with a “waist” at the site of the lesions and other venographic findings (e.g., bull’s-eye sign) offered visual confirmation of the stenosis. After correction of iliac vein stenosis, the nitinol stent (SMART Control; Cordis, Miami, FL, USA) or Wallstent (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA) with appropriate length and diameter was implanted across the lesion segment. Postoperative venography was performed to confirm the restoration of antegrade flow without refilling of the collateral veins.

Zeng M., Teng B., Zhao Y., Li F., Wang X., Jiang C., Zhang W., Xiang Z, & Zeng Q. (2023). Effectiveness of iliac vein stenting combined with endovenous laser treatment of recurrent varicose veins associated with iliac vein compression. Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery, 13(9), 5986-5995.

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Simulating Stent-Induced Vessel Damage

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The ability of the nanofibrillar tubes to simulate stent-induced damage was verified by comparing the results to those obtained with the same type of stents deployed in real human FPAs. Fig. 1(A) demonstrates a Smart Control (Cordis) stent deployed into an ex vivo human FPA, and Fig. 1 (B,C) demonstrates the result of subjecting the artery to cyclic torsional deformations that fractured the stent and resulted in its struts penetrating the artery wall. Despite the faint imprint that can be seen in Fig. 1(C), it was not possible to accurately and repeatedly quantify this abrasion, which stimulated the development of a repeatable synthetic vessel approach.

Keiser C., Maleckis K., Struczewska P., Jadidi M., MacTaggart J, & Kamenskiy A. (2022). A method of assessing peripheral stent abrasiveness under cyclic deformations experienced during limb movement. Acta biomaterialia, 153, 331-341.

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Mechanical Testing of Peripheral Stents

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Twelve stent models frequently used to treat PAD were mechanically tested under axial tension/compression, three-point bending, radial compression, and torsion deformations. Stents included Absolute Pro and Supera (both Abbott Vascular), Lifestent (Bard), Innova (Boston Scientific), Zilver (Cook), Smart Control and Smart Flex (both Cordis), EverFlex (Covidien), Viabahn and Tigris (both Gore), Misago (Terumo), and Complete SE (Medtronic). All stents were indicated for a 6mm artery, however the actual diameters ranged from 6.15 to 7.50 mm (average 6.99±0.45 mm). Since all stents pass quality checks after manufacturing, and fatigue behavior was not a part of the current study, one sample of each stent type was considered sufficient for quasi-static analysis. However, if the stent experienced plastic deformations under any of the testing modes, a new sample of the same dimensions was used for consecutive tests. This was the case with the Tigris stent that has polymer connectors that can undergo plastic deformations when overstretched.

Maleckis K., Deegan P., Poulson W., Sievers C., Desyatova A., MacTaggart J, & Kamenskiy A. (2017). COMPARISON OF FEMOROPOPLITEAL ARTERY STENTS UNDER AXIAL AND RADIAL COMPRESSION, AXIAL TENSION, BENDING, AND TORSION DEFORMATIONS. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 75, 160-168.

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