Spf c57bl 6 mice

SPF C57BL/6 mice (male, 6 weeks old, 19–21 g) were purchased from Koatech Inc. (Seoul, Korea). Mice were kept in wire cages under a ventilated condition (20–22 °C, 50% ± 10% humidity, and 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle) and fed standard laboratory chow and water ad libitum. Germ-free C57BL/6 J mice (male, 18–21 g, 5 weeks old) were purchased from Clea Japan Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Germ-free mice were housed in flexible film plastic isolators. All conditions were kept sterile in accordance with The Guidelines for Laboratory Germ-free Animals Care and Usage. Mice were used in the experiments after acclimation for 1 week. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Kyung Hee University [IACUC No., KUASP(SE)-18-033, KUASP(SE)-19-290, and KUASP(SE)-20-078] and were performed according to the NIH and University Guide for Laboratory Animals Care and Usage. This study additionally adheres to standards articulated in the ARRIVE guidelines.

SPF C57BL/6 mice (male, 5 weeks old, 18–22 g; male, 8 weeks old, 21-24 g; female, 8 weeks old, 21–24 g) were obtained from Koatech Inc. (Seoul, Korea). SPF C57BL/6 mice (male, 6 weeks and 18 months old) were purchased from Raonbio Inc. (Yongin, Gyunggi-do, Korea). Mice were kept in wire cages under a ventilated condition (3 mice/cage, 20–22 °C, 50% ± 10% humidity, and 12-h/12-h light/dark cycle) and fed standard laboratory chow and water ad libitum. Germ-free C57BL/6J mice (male, 18–21 g, 5 weeks old) were purchased from Clea Japan Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The mouse breeding protocol is described in the Supplementary information. Germ-free mice were housed in flexible film plastic isolators. All conditions were kept sterile in accordance with The Guidelines for Laboratory Germ-free Animals Care and Usage. Mice were used in the experiments after acclimation for 1 week. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Kyung Hee University (IACUC No., KUASP(SE)-17-128, 18-115, and 19-290) and performed according to the NIH and University Guide for Laboratory Animals Care and Usage.