An impression (Permadyne Garant; 3M ESPE) was taken of 24 specimens (2 randomly selected specimens of each subgroup) and Epoxy resin replicas (Epo-thin, Buehler Ltd., Lake Bluff, IL) were obtained. Each replica was then mounted on a metallic stub, gold-sputtered (Polaron Range SC7620; Quorum Technology, Newhaven, UK), and observed under a FE-SEM (Hitachi s-4160, Japan) at ×1,0000 and interfacial gaps were measured [Figure 4 ]. The total length of the interfacial gaps was expressed as a percentage of the length of the whole restoration margins.
Permadyne garant
Manufactured by 3M
Sourced in Germany
Permadyne Garant is a specialized laboratory equipment product manufactured by 3M. It is designed for use in various scientific and research settings, providing a reliable and consistent platform for conducting experiments and analyses. The core function of Permadyne Garant is to offer a stable and durable surface for laboratory work, ensuring precise and accurate results.
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Lab products found in correlation
3 protocols using permadyne garant
1
Quantifying Restoration Interfacial Gaps
2
Dental Implant Impression Technique
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All implants were preserved with a fixed dental prosthesis. For prosthetic care, the clinical situation was recorded 3 months (±2 weeks) after implant placement using an individual spoon, impression coping, and polyether impression material (Permadyne Garant, 3 M Espe, Seefeld, Germany). One dentist (SiS) made all impressions. After disinfection, a dental technician transferred the impression to a plaster model. The impression coping was supplemented by a screw-on implant analog, and the impression was digitized (3Shape Scanner D 700, 3Shape A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark).
3
Dental FDP Fabrication and Testing
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Subsequent to the aging procedure (see below), FDPs were prepared according to the manufacturer's instructions (air particle abraded, aluminum oxide, 50 µm, 1 bar) and adhesively luted to the artificial abutment teeth (Panavia F2.0; Kuraray Noritake, Tokyo, Japan).
Thereafter, FDPs with attached teeth were embedded to the printed sockets with a polyether material (Permadyne Garant; 3M Espe, Neuss, Germany) in order to simulate the periodontal ligament. Finally, the inner occlusal surface of the loaded unit (first molar) was polished according to the manufacturer's instructions prior to dynamic and static loading in the dental laboratory. No glazing or additional firing was applied.
Thereafter, FDPs with attached teeth were embedded to the printed sockets with a polyether material (Permadyne Garant; 3M Espe, Neuss, Germany) in order to simulate the periodontal ligament. Finally, the inner occlusal surface of the loaded unit (first molar) was polished according to the manufacturer's instructions prior to dynamic and static loading in the dental laboratory. No glazing or additional firing was applied.
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