Jsm 7001f field emission scanning electron microscope

The morphologies of untreated and pretreated rice straw were performed using JSM-7001F Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). The samples were fixed with conductive tape on brass sample stubs and then coated with Au before observation. Images were acquired at a 15-KV acceleration voltage and magnification × 500.
The untreated and pretreated samples for Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis were determined using a Nicolet 6700 spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) over a wavenumber range from 500–4000 cm⁻¹ with 20 scans and a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹. The samples were dispersed of spectroscopic grade potassium bromide (KBr) and pressed into disks to determined.
X-ray diffraction analysis was tested using an Ultima X-ray diffractometer of Rigaku Corporation (40 KV, 20 mA, Tokyo, Japan) with Cu Kα radiation. The 2θ range was from 5° to 40° in steps of 0.02° at a rate of 8° min⁻¹ [24 (link)]. The crystallinity index (CrI) of untreated and pretreated samples was calculated according to Equation (1) [25 (link)].
$\mathrm{CrI}\%=\frac{I_{002}-I_{am}}{I_{002}}\times 100\%$
where $I_{002}$ is the intensity of the crystalline regions (2θ = 22.5°) and $I_{am}$ is the intensity of amorphous portion (2θ = 18.7°).

C17200 (imported) and QBe2.0 (domestic) alloys were selected as the materials for this experimental study, and their alloy compositions are shown in Table 1. The initial state of QBe2.0 alloy is Y₂ state and that of C17200 alloy is 1/2H state, and they are both subjected to 21% cold deformation after solution treatment. Then, the initial state alloys were annealed in a chamber annealing furnace for 2 h at both 280 °C and 300 °C, to select the optimal heat treatment regime. The Vickers hardness was conducted on a WILSON VH1150 test instrument (Chicago, IL, USA) with an indentation load of 5 kg and a holding time of 15 s. Tensile specimens were measured on an MTS-WD 3100 tensile test machine (Eden Prairie, MN, USA) with a constant strain rate of 10⁻³ s⁻¹. The microstructures of the alloys in the peak-aged states were observed using a Zeiss Axiovert 200 MAT metallurgical microscope (Zeiss, Jena, Germany). A JEOL JSM 7001F field emission scanning electron microscope (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan) was used to observe the fracture morphologies of the samples, and its EBSD probe was used to analyze the grain organization, twinning, and grain boundaries. A JEOL JEM-2010 high-resolution electron microscope (Hillsboro, OR, USA) was also used to observe and analyze the precipitation phases of the two alloys with an operating voltage of 200 KV.

UFMG were fixed for 24 h at 4 °C in 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution first, then dehydrated in incremental concentrations of ethanol [21 (link)]. The dried specimens were sputter-coated with gold and examined under a JSM-7001F field emission scanning electron microscope (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) at an acceleration voltage of 30 kV.