A total of seven sediment samples were collected from different sites of Laizhou Bay (Figure 1 and Table 1 ) using a 0.05 m2 stainless steel Gray O'Hara box corner. Collection was carried out on September 2013. Six of the stations were near the shore and only Station 5 was located offshore. Triplicate surface sediment sub-core samples (0–5 cm depth) were collected using sterilized 60 ml syringes (without luer end) and then transferred to airtight sterile plastic bags at 4°C until analysis in the laboratory (Zhou et al., 2009 (link)). For physiochemical analyses, samples were collected with the same procedure and stored in sterilized plastic bags at −20°C during the cruise and were transferred to −80°C upon arrival in the laboratory. Surface temperature and pH of sediment samples were detected in situ using a pH meter. Organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations were determined using a PE 2400 series II CHNS/O analyzer (Perkin Elmer, USA).
Pe2400 series 2 chns o analyzer
Manufactured by PerkinElmer
Sourced in United States
The PE2400 Series II CHNS/O analyzer is a laboratory instrument used for the elemental analysis of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen in a wide range of sample types. It provides accurate and reliable measurements of these elements in organic and inorganic materials.
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Lab products found in correlation
Isotope ratio mass spectrometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Toc vchp analyzer, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Gf 75, by Cytiva (1 mentions)
Ft ir 460 plus spectrometer, by Jasco (1 mentions)
D2 phaser diffractometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
400 mhz nmr, by Bruker (1 mentions)
F 4500 spectrometer, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
Microtof 2, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Vario el cube analyzer, by Elementar (1 mentions)
Avance av 500, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Neutral silicagel, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Autopol 4, by Rudolph Research Analytical (1 mentions)
Ltq orbitrap xl, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Avance 3 400 mhz, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Paragon 1000 ftir spectrophotometer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Model 100, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
11 protocols using pe2400 series 2 chns o analyzer
1
Sediment Sampling and Characterization in Laizhou Bay
2
Quantifying Particulate and Dissolved Organic Carbon
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An aliquot of 10 ml culture was filtered through 25‐mm 0.7 μm pore size glass fiber filter (Whatman) which was precombusted in a muffle furnace at 450°C for 5 hr. The collected filter membrane and filtrate were used for POC and DOC concentration measurements, respectively. In preparation for POC and DOC analysis, the collected filters were pickled with 12 M HCl for 24 hr in fume cupboards and then dried at 50°C for 24 hr in an oven, and the filtrate was acidized with 20 μl 12 M HCl. The concentration of POC and DOC was measured by a PE2400 Series II CHNS/O analyzer (Perkin Elmer) and a TOC‐VCHP analyzer (Shimadzu Corp.), respectively, at the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China. The δ13C of POC and DOC was determined by an Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (Thermo Scientific) at the Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, China.
3
Microbial Assemblages in New Britain Trench
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Water samples were taken from the New Britain Trench at station E (06°02.1243′S, 151°58.5042′E) in an August 2016 cruise aboard the M/V Zhang Jian. The sampling station is located in the northern Solomon Sea, close to the landmass of Papua New Guinea. Samples from eight different depths (75, 200, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 m) were collected using Niskin bottles fitted on a Sea-Bird Carousel equipped with a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor (Sea-Bird SBE 911). For microbiological analysis, about 1.5–2 L water sample from each depth was filtered through a 0.22 μm pore size polycarbonate (PC) membrane (47 mm, Millipore) to collect bacterial assemblages. The membranes were stored in sterile cryo-tubes at 4°C until further processing. POC and PON contents were obtained by filtering 7–9 L seawater through 25 mm glass fiber filters of 0.7 μm nominal pore size (GF-75, Whatman) which were pre-combusted in a muffle furnace at 500°C for 12 h. The membranes were stored at−20°C for laboratory analysis of POC and PON with a PE2400 Series II CHNS/O analyzer (Perkin Elmer, USA) (Chen et al., 2008 (link)).
4
Analytical Techniques for Material Characterization
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Solvents were dried and deoxygenated by refluxing over the appropriate reagents before use. Elemental analyses were obtained from a PE 2400 series II CHNS/O analyzer (PerkinElmer, Boston, MA, USA) or an Elementar Vario EL cube analyzer (Elementar Americas Inc., Ronkonkoma, NJ, USA). 1H-NMR and TOF-MS (ESI-MS) were recorded on a Bruker 400 MHz NMR and a Bruker MicrOTOF II (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA), respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained from a Bruker D2 PHASER diffractometer (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) with CuKα (λα = 1.54 Å) radiation. IR spectra (KBr disk) were recorded on a Jasco FT/IR-460 plus spectrometer (JASCO, 28600 Mary’s Court City, MD, USA). The UV-Vis absorption spectra and emission spectra were obtained in the solid state at room temperature by using an SP-1901 UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) and a Hitachi F-4500 spectrometer (Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan), respectively. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out on a SII EXSTAR6000 TG/DTA 6200 (Seiko Instruments Inc., Tokyo, Japan) under N2 atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 in the temperature range of 30 to 1000 °C.
5
Analytical Techniques for Chemical Characterization
6
Characterization of Synthetic Compounds
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All
of the other commercial reagents and
solvents were used without purification. Melting points were measured
with a Micro Processor Melting-point apparatus (Hund/Wetzlar, Germany).
Elemental analysis was measured with a PE 2400 Series II CHNS/O Analyzer
(PerkinElmer, MA). Samples were prepared with a microbalance MX5 (Mettler
Toledo, Switzerland). Optical rotation was measured with AUTOPOL IV
(Rudolph Research Analytical, NJ) at 20 °C at 589 nm. 1H and 13C NMR spectra were measured in a Bruker AVANCE
III 400 MHz. Coupling constants (J) are given in
Hz. The HR-MS spectra were measured with an LTQ Orbitrap XL (Thermo
Fischer Scientific, MA). Flash chromatography was performed with a
puriFlash 5.250 instrument (Interchim, France) using neutral silica
gel (Merck, 40–63 μm) and an ELSD detector.
of the other commercial reagents and
solvents were used without purification. Melting points were measured
with a Micro Processor Melting-point apparatus (Hund/Wetzlar, Germany).
Elemental analysis was measured with a PE 2400 Series II CHNS/O Analyzer
(PerkinElmer, MA). Samples were prepared with a microbalance MX5 (Mettler
Toledo, Switzerland). Optical rotation was measured with AUTOPOL IV
(Rudolph Research Analytical, NJ) at 20 °C at 589 nm. 1H and 13C NMR spectra were measured in a Bruker AVANCE
III 400 MHz. Coupling constants (J) are given in
Hz. The HR-MS spectra were measured with an LTQ Orbitrap XL (Thermo
Fischer Scientific, MA). Flash chromatography was performed with a
puriFlash 5.250 instrument (Interchim, France) using neutral silica
gel (Merck, 40–63 μm) and an ELSD detector.
7
Spectroscopic Characterization of Compounds
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UV-Visible spectra were determined on a spectrophotometer (UV−1601 PC, Himadzu, Tokyo, Japan). Infrared spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer Paragon 1000 FTIR spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) (range from 400 to 4000 cm−1); 1H- and 13C-NMR spectra were run on a Varian Mercury (300 MHz) system (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA). The proton chemical shifts are reported relative to the signal of the residual chloroform in δ = 7.27 ppm and TMS (tetramethylsilane) at δ = 0.00 ppm. The 13C chemical shifts are reported using the signal in δ = 77 ppm from CDCl3 as a reference. Optical rotations were measured on a Perkin-Elmer-241 spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA); Elemental analysis: PE 2400 Series II CHNS/O Analyzer Perkin Elmer Instruments (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). The chromatography were performed by silica gel HPTLC (high-performance thin layer chromatography) plates (Sigma-Aldrich®, Newark, DE, USA), eluted with hexane:ethyl-acetate (70:30 v/v) to obtain the Rf (retention factor).
8
Two-Stage Sulfuric Acid Hydrolysis of Straw Fractions
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The compositions of the straw fractions and N-lignin were determined following the two-stage sulfuric acid hydrolysis procedure (Sluiter et al., 2010 (link)). Sugar content of N-lignin was analyzed after hydrolysis of 20 mg dry material in 1.4 mL of 4 wt-% sulfuric acid (1 h, 121°C). The amount of dissolved lignin in the aqueous ammonia extracts was determined using the spectrophotometric method (Dence, 1992 (link)). Lignin concentration was calculated based on the absorbance reading at 280 nm using N-lignin for calibration (ε = 20.0 L/g/cm). Elemental carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur contents of various straw fractions and isolated ammonia lignin were analyzed with Perkin-Elmer (PE) 2400 Series II CHNS/O Analyzer. Sample weight was 2 mg.
9
Sediment Sampling and Characterization in Jiaozhou Bay
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Sediment samples were collected from six stations (A5, C4, Y1, A3, B2, and D1) of Jiaozhou Bay using a stainless steel 0.05-m2 Gray O'Hara box corer on September 2, 2008 (Figure 1 , Table 1 ). These stations with different water depths (4.0–12.8 m) are located in different regions of Jiaozhou Bay (Figure 1 , Table 1 ). Except for D1 station at the entrance of Jiaozhou Bay, other stations are in the inner bay: stations A5, C4, and Y1 are in the east coastal area of Jiaozhou Bay, the most hyper-nutrified and polluted part of the bay (Dang et al., 2009 (link), 2010a (link)); station A3 is in the mid-north of the bay; station B2 is in the mid-west and is the less-polluted station compared to the others (Dang et al., 2009 (link); Liu et al., 2015a (link)). Replicate surface sediment subcore samples (5 cm depth) were taken aseptically using sterile 60-ml syringes (luer end removed) and stored in airtight sterile plastic bags at 4°C for screening bacterial strains or at −80°C for environmental analysis. Temperatures and pH of the surface sediments were measured in situ. Organic carbon (OrgC) and nitrogen (OrgN) contents in the samples were analyzed using a PE 2400 Series II CHNS/O analyzer (Perkin Elmer, USA).
10
Elemental Composition Analysis of Lyophilized Gel
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The lyophilized gel was used for determination of elementary composition. The PE 2400 Series II CHNS/O Analyzer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) was used for simultaneous determination of C, H, and N in the sample. In the CHN operating mode the instrument employs a classical combustion principle to convert the sample elements to simple gases (CO2, H2O, and N2). The PE 2400 analyzer performs automatically combustion and reduction, homogenization of product gases, separation, and detection. A microbalance MX5 (Mettler Toledo, Greifensee, Switzerland) was used for precise weighing of samples.
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