Magnetic resonance images were acquired on a 1.5-T scanner (Siemens Magnetom Symphony Scanner) with a standard head coil. Earplugs and foam pads were used to reduce noise and decrease head motion, respectively. Functional imaging data were acquired axially in an interleaved slice order using a T2* weighted gradient echo sequence parallel to the line of the anterior-posterior commissure: repetition time/echo time = 3000/40 ms, acquisition matrix = 128 × 128, voxel size = 3.8 mm × 3.8 mm × 4.0 mm, slice thickness = 4 mm, no gap, 30 slices, flip angle = 90°, field of view = 240 × 240 mm. The first four volumes of each run were discarded to allow time for the magnetization to reach a steady state. High resolution T1-weighted 3D images were also acquired: repetition time/echo time = 1900/192 ms, acquisition matrix = 256 × 256, voxel size = 1 mm × 1 mm × 1 mm, slice thickness = 1 mm, no gap, flip angle = 15°, field of view = 250 × 250 mm.
Magnetom symphony scanner
Manufactured by Siemens
Sourced in Germany
The Magnetom Symphony is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner developed by Siemens. It is designed to capture high-quality images of the human body. The Magnetom Symphony utilizes a superconducting magnet to generate a strong and stable magnetic field, which is a core requirement for MRI technology.
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12 protocols using magnetom symphony scanner
1
Acquisition of High-Resolution Functional MRI
2
Multimodal MRI Protocol for Brain Imaging
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained on a 1.5 Tesla Magnetom Symphony scanner (Siemens Medical, Erlangen, Germany); the T1-weighted imaging (Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition with Gradient Echo, MPRAGE) consisted of 144 sagittal slices of 1.2 mm thickness, 1.0 mm × 1.0 mm in-plane resolution in a 256 × 248 matrix, echo time (TE) was 4.2 ms, repetition time (TR) was 1640 ms. The diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study protocol consisted of 52 volumes (64 slices, 128x128 pixels, slice thickness 2.8 mm, in-plane pixel size 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm), representing 48 gradient directions (b = 1000 s/mm2) and four scans with b = 0, TE and TR were 95 ms and 8000 ms.
3
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Protocol
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained on a 1.5 Tesla Magnetom Symphony scanner (Siemens Medical, Erlangen, Germany). The DTI study protocol consisted of 52 volumes (64 slices, 128 × 128 pixels, slice thickness 2.8 mm, pixel size 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm), representing 48 gradient directions (b = 1000 s/mm2) and four scans with b = 0; TE and TR were 95 ms and 8000 ms, respectively.
4
Functional MRI for Language Processing
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1.5 Tesla Siemens Magnetom Symphony scanner (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), image size: 64 × 64 voxels, FOV of 192 mm, slice thickness 4 mm with 1 mm gap, 25 slices covering the whole brain, TE/TR 40 ms/2500 ms, total acquisition time 25 min (=598 volumes, one session). Instructions and pictures were shown with fMRI compatible video-goggles (Resonance Technologies, Northridge, CA, USA). Speech was digitally recorded beginning at the onset of each picture using an fMRI compatible microphone and saved digitally on a computer using Cool Edit Pro (Syntrillium Software Cop. Phoenix, Arizona). Head movement was minimized by using padded earphones fixating the head within the gradient insert coil.
5
Longitudinal MRI of Lumbar Vertebrae During Bedrest
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All subjects underwent MRI 8 or 9 d before the start of bedrest (baseline), after 27 or 28 d of bedrest (mid-HDT), and after 55 or 56 d of bedrest (end-HDT). During the re-adaptation period, they were imaged 90, 180 and 720 days after bedrest. MR images were acquired using a 1.5-T Siemens Magnetom Symphony scanner with a body coil. To allow time for equalization of body fluid, subjects rested in bed in the horizontal position for 2 hours before scanning. The lower lumbar vertebrae were imaged in the sagittal plane using a T1 In/Out (TR=160 milliseconds, TE=2.4/4.6 (in/out) milliseconds, flip angle=25°, field of view=300 millimeter, slice thickness=6 millimeter, number of slices=3; Figure 1 ) sequence.
6
Multimodal MRI Protocol for Brain Imaging
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All subjects underwent structural MR and diffusion imaging at University Hospital Galway (UHG) in a 1.5 Tesla Siemens Magnetom Symphony scanner (Erlangen, Germany) equipped with a 4-channel head coil. A volumetric T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition of gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequence was acquired with the imaging parameters: Repetition time (TR): 1140ms, echo time (TE): 4.38ms, inversion Time (TI): 600ms, flip angle 15; matrix size 256×256; an in-plane pixel size of 0.9mm×0.9mm and slice thickness of 0.9mm. Whole brain high angular resolution data was obtained in the axial orientation along 64 independent diffusion gradient directions, b-value = 1300 s/mm2, with 7 reference non-diffusion-weighted images (b-value = 0 s/mm2). Image parameters were: echo time (TE) = 95 ms, repetition time (TR) = 8100 ms, flip angle = 15°, voxel size = 2.5 mm3, matrix size= 96 × 96, slice thickness = 2.5 mm, in-plane resolution = 2.5 mm2.
7
Volumetric Brain MRI Analysis
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MRI scanning was performed on a 1.5 T Siemens MAGNETOM Symphony scanner. Two sagittal T1-weighted magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MPRAGE) scans were acquired (TE/TR/TI = 3.45/2730/1000 ms, flip angle = 7 degrees, voxel size = 1 × 1 × 1.33 mm3). Surfaces were reconstructed using the FreeSurfer software package (version 5.3.0; Dale et al. 1999 (link); Fischl, Sereno, and Dale 1999 (link)), and an overview of the whole process is in Supplementary Material S1 . We used the FreeSurfer software suite but similar methods for surface reconstruction exist in other software packages (Mangin et al. 1995 ; Van Essen et al. 2001 (link); Kim et al. 2005 (link)), and the present comparisons of interpolation methods and methods of volume measurement, as well as analysis with NPC, are not specific to FreeSurfer.
8
Resting-State fMRI Acquisition Protocol
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Resting state fMRI images were captured by a 3T Siemens Magnetom Symphony scanner. During scanning, all participants were asked to rest with their eyes closed and to try not to think of anything systematically. All subjects placed their heads in a standard head coil (16-channel). Participants were positioned comfortably on the scanner bed and fitted with soft ear plugs; foam pad was used to minimize head movement.
Functional images were obtained axially using a single-shot, gradient-recalled echo-planar imaging sequence parallel to the line of the anterior-posterior commissure: repetition time/echo time = 2000/40 ms, thickness/gap = 5/0 mm, field of view = 240 × 240 mm, flip angle = 90°, matrix = 64 × 64, slices = 26, 150 volumes.
High-resolution T1-weighted images were also acquired with a three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled sequence in an axial orientation: repetition time = 8.5 msec, echo time = 3.2 ms, flip angle = 15°, field of view = 25 cm, matrix = 256 × 256, slice thickness = 1.0 mm, 176 slices.
Functional images were obtained axially using a single-shot, gradient-recalled echo-planar imaging sequence parallel to the line of the anterior-posterior commissure: repetition time/echo time = 2000/40 ms, thickness/gap = 5/0 mm, field of view = 240 × 240 mm, flip angle = 90°, matrix = 64 × 64, slices = 26, 150 volumes.
High-resolution T1-weighted images were also acquired with a three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled sequence in an axial orientation: repetition time = 8.5 msec, echo time = 3.2 ms, flip angle = 15°, field of view = 25 cm, matrix = 256 × 256, slice thickness = 1.0 mm, 176 slices.
9
Liver Imaging Using Gd-EOB-BPTA Contrast
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A 1.5 T Magnetom Symphony scanner (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) and a 1.5 T Magnetom Aera scanner (Siemens) equipped with an 8-element body and phased array coils were used for image acquisition of MR, including sequences obtained before and after intravenous (IV) injection of contrast medium. Volumetric interpolated T1-weighted SPAIR (VIBE) with controlled respiration was used to acquire images after IV injection of contrast agent (CA) with a liver-specific CA (0.1 mL/kg of Gd-EOB-BPTA, Primovist, Bayer Schering Pharma, Berlin, Germany). A power injector (Spectris Solaris® EP MR, MEDRAD, Inc., Indianola, IA, USA) was used to deliver contrast agent at an infusion rate of 2 mL/s, and VIBE T1-w images were acquired in four different phases: arterial phase (35 s delay), portal venous phase (90 s), transition phase (120 s) and hepatobiliary excretion phase (20 min).
The study protocol is reported inTable 1 .
The study protocol is reported in
10
Multimodal MRI Acquisition Protocol
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MRI images were acquired for all participants at baseline and after 6 months at University Hospital Galway in a 1.5 Tesla Siemens Magnetom Symphony scanner (Erlangen, Germany) equipped with a 4-channel head coil. Magnetisation prepared rapid gradient-echo (MPRAGE) sequence was employed to acquired high resolution volumetric T1-weighted images, with the following parameters: repetition time (TR): 1140 ms, echo time (TE): 4.38 ms, inversion time (TI): 600 ms, flip angle: 15°, matrix size: 256x256, interpolated to 512 x 512, slice thickness: 0.9 mm and in plane resolution: 0.45 mm x 0.45 mm. Diffusion-weighted MRI data were collected with a standard 8-channel head coil using an echo planar imaging (EPI) diffusion sequence acquired with parallel imaging. The acquisition parameters were as follows; 64 independent diffusion gradient directions, comprising 2 separate multi-direction diffusionweighted sequences that are subsequently concatenated in ExploreDTI (Leemans et al., 2009) , including 7 reference images with no diffusion gradient (B0) i.e. (34 directions + 3B0) & (37 directions +4B0), b = 1300s/m. m 2 , TR = 8100ms, TE = 95ms, FOV = 240 x 240mm 2 , matrix size 96 x 96, 60 axial slices and total imaging time of 10.24 minutes generating an in plane resolution of 2.5mm x 2.5mm with slice thickness of 2.5 mm.
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