Absolute ethanol was purchased from Gadot-Group (Netanya, Israel). DifcoTM LB powder was used for the preparation of a working concentration of LB broth (20 g/L) and was purchased from Becton, Dickinson, and Company (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). Ampicillin sodium salt was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). D-Glucose anhydrous was purchased from Fisher Chemical (Waltham, MA, USA). Chloroform was purchased from Bio-Lab (Jerusalem, Israel). H2O2 was purchased from Carlo Erba Reagents (Barcelona, Spain). Whatman® Grade 1 qualitative filter paper was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MI, USA). Parafilm was purchased from Bemis Company (Neenah, WI, USA). Polyester cloth (PT-R5) was purchased from MDI Membrane Technologies (Ambala Cantt, India).
D glucose anhydrous
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom
D-glucose anhydrous is a pure, white crystalline powder that is the monosaccharide form of glucose. It serves as a fundamental building block for energy metabolism and can be used in various scientific and laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Glycerol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
2 2 azinobis 3 ethylbenzothiazoline 6 sulfonic acid (abts), by ITW Reagents (2 mentions)
Ampicillin sodium salt, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Whatman grade 1 qualitative filter paper, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Poly vinyl alcohol pva, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
M0268, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
M7145, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
S0615, by Harvard Bioscience (1 mentions)
L glutamine g3126, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nahco3, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Pyruvic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Fused silica capillary, by Molex (1 mentions)
Ammonium formate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Formic acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
N diethylethylenediamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dimethylformamide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pyridine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
10 protocols using d glucose anhydrous
1
Bacterial Growth Media and Reagents
2
Synthesis of Antioxidant Polymer Composites
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D-glucose anhydrous (MW = 180.16 g mol−1) and glycerol (MW = 92.09 g mol−1) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH, USA). ABTS (MW = 548.69 g mol−1) was purchased from PanReac (Barcelona, Spain). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (MW = 115,000 g mol−1, Viscosity = 46–54 mPa.s at 20 °C) was purchased from VWR Chemicals (Leuven, Belgium). Potassium persulfate (MW = 270.3 g mol−1) was purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium).
3
Neuron-Astrocyte Culture and MPP+ Exposure
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After three days in culture, the medium of neuron-astrocyte mixed cultures was changed to non-essential amino acid medium, consisting of MEM (M0268, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) with 2.2 g/L NaHCO3 (S/4240/60, Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, UK), pH 7.3, and supplemented with 1 g/L D-glucose anhydrous (G/0450/60, Fisher Scientific, Loughborough, UK), 0.292 g/L L-glutamine (G3126, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 0.11 g/L pyruvic acid (P2256, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1% MEM non-essential amino acid solution (M7145, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (S0615, Biochrom, Berlin, Germany). The choice of this medium was based on its compatibility with neurons, astrocytes, and microglial cells. Twelve hours later the cells were exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium neurotoxin (MPP+, 10 µM; D048, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). After thirty-six hours, the conditioned media (CM) were collected from both control neuron-astrocyte cultures (NA-CM) and neuron-astrocyte cultures exposed to MPP+ (NA(MPP+)-CM) and stored at −80 °C until use.
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Modified Amino Acids
5
Gelidium corneum Residue Hydrolysate
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Commercial glucose (dextrose monohydrate, Dextropam 100 kindly supplied by Copam-Portugal) was used as the substrate in bioreactor cultivation; D (+) glucose anhydrous 99.5% (Fisher Chemicals), gluconic acid sodium salt 99% (Sigma), and 2-oxoglutaric acid for biochemistry (Merck) were used as standards in the analyses by HPLC. For the identification of metabolites by LC-MS, the aqueous solutions and the mobile phases were prepared with water, acetonitrile, and formic acid, grade LC-MS Optima (Fisher Scientific).The Gelidium corneum residues were supplied by Iberagar–Sociedade Luso-Espanhola de Colóides Marinhos S.A., and its composition (expressed in g/100 g of raw material in oven-dry basis ±standard deviation based on three replicate determinations) was 35.26 ± 0.87 of ash, 16.00 ± 0.94 of crude protein, 19.24 ± 0.88 of glucan, and 5.24 ± 0.06 of galactan.
The hydrolysates from the Gelidium residues were prepared and delivered by the Centre of Biological Engineering (CBE), University of Minho, Portugal (project partners in PTDC/BII-BIO/29242/2017).
The hydrolysates from the Gelidium residues were prepared and delivered by the Centre of Biological Engineering (CBE), University of Minho, Portugal (project partners in PTDC/BII-BIO/29242/2017).
6
Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Cell Proliferation
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The water used for the preparation of solutions was purified from a Milli-Q system (conductivity ≤ 0.1 µS cm−1) and the reagents of high analytical grade were used without any treatment process or further purification: silver nitrate (LabKem, Barcelona, Spain), D-glucose anhydrous (Fisher Chemical, Leicestershire, U.K.) and potato starch soluble (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany).
Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 medium (RPMI-1640), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin-streptomycin and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Gibco® (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Trypan Blue, which allows for the evaluation of cytoplasmic membrane damage, was purchased from VWRTM (Radnor, PA, USA); WST-1, which allows for the evaluation of mitochondrial capacity, was purchased from abcam® (Cambridge, UK). BrdU, which allows for the evaluation of cell proliferation capacity, was purchased from ROCHE® (Basel, Switzerland). Propidium iodide (PI), which allows for the evaluation of cell cycle, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich® (St. Louis, MO, USA).
Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 medium (RPMI-1640), fetal bovine serum (FBS), penicillin-streptomycin and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Gibco® (Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Trypan Blue, which allows for the evaluation of cytoplasmic membrane damage, was purchased from VWRTM (Radnor, PA, USA); WST-1, which allows for the evaluation of mitochondrial capacity, was purchased from abcam® (Cambridge, UK). BrdU, which allows for the evaluation of cell proliferation capacity, was purchased from ROCHE® (Basel, Switzerland). Propidium iodide (PI), which allows for the evaluation of cell cycle, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich® (St. Louis, MO, USA).
7
Reagents and Materials Used in Antioxidant Analysis
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D-glucose anhydrous (MW = 180.16 g mol−1), glycerol (MW = 92.09 g mol−1), and acetic acid glacial (MW = 60.052 g mol−1) were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH, USA). ABTS (MW = 548.69 g mol−1), potassium peroxodisulphate (MW = 270.32 g mol−1), sodium acetate anhydrous (MW = 82.03 g mol−1), and Folin–Ciocalteu's reagent (MW = 260.20 g mol−1) were purchased from PanReac (Barcelona, Spain). Trolox (MW = 250.29 g mol−1) was purchased from ThermoScientific (Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). Gallic acid monohydrate (MW = 188.12 g mol−1) was purchased from AcrosOrganics (Geel, Belgium). Sodium carbonate anhydrous (MW = 105.99 g mol−1) was purchased from LabChem (Zelienople, Pennsylvania, US).
8
Synthesis of MAX Phase Material
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Hydrophilic
acid (HCl, 36 %), thiourea, sodium molybdate dihydrate (Na2MoO4·2H2O), and lithium fluoride (LiF,
99 %) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. Polypropylene membrane
(Celgard, 3501) was bought from Celgard LLC. MAX (Ti3AlC2, ≤40 μm) was purchased from Carbon-Ukraine Ltd.d -Glucose anhydrous was purchased from Fisher Scientific, and
MWCNTs were purchased from Timesnano.
acid (HCl, 36 %), thiourea, sodium molybdate dihydrate (Na2MoO4·2H2O), and lithium fluoride (LiF,
99 %) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ltd. Polypropylene membrane
(Celgard, 3501) was bought from Celgard LLC. MAX (Ti3AlC2, ≤40 μm) was purchased from Carbon-Ukraine Ltd.
MWCNTs were purchased from Timesnano.
9
Lipid-based Carriers for Bioactive Delivery
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Precirol® ATO 5 (glyceryl distearate) and Epikuron® 145V (deoiled phosphatidyl choline-enriched lecithin) were kindly donated by Gattefossé (Saint-Priest, France) and Cargill (Wayzata, MN, USA), respectively. Polysorbate 80 (Tween® 80), Oleic acid, D-(+)-trehalose dihydrate, D-mannitol (≥98%), D-(−)-fructose, D-sorbitol, and dialysis membrane (Spectrum™ Labs Spectra/Por, MWCO 3.5 KDa) were acquired from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). D-glucose anhydrous and lactose were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH, USA) and Merck (Madrid, Spain), respectively. D-(+)-sucrose was acquired from Acros Organics, Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH, USA). Ultrapure water (MilliQ plus, Millipore Ibérica, Madrid, Spain) was used throughout.
10
Electrochemical Glucose Sensor Development
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Aspergillus Niger GOx (270 U/mg) was purchased from BBI solutions Ltd, UK. TTF, 0.01 M sterile phosphate buffer solution (PBS used as the supporting electrolyte for the electrochemical studies), D glucose anhydrous, paraffin wax, Tetrahydrofuran (THF), Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK) and extra pure deionised water were purchased from Fisher Scientific, UK. Glutaraldehyde (25%), diacetone alcohol and polyurethane (PU) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, UK. Graphene based carbon ink (HDPlas ® IGSC02002) was purchased from Haydale, UK. SU8-2075 was purchased from A-Gas Electronic Materials. 126-49 -Silicone Medical Electrode Ag/AgCl Ink was purchased from Creative Materials Ltd. Details on the solutions preparation are provided in Supporting Information, section 1.
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