Orientin

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, Sao Tome and Principe, Germany

Orientin is a laboratory equipment product manufactured by the Merck Group. It is designed for use in various scientific and research applications. The core function of Orientin is to facilitate precise and efficient analysis and measurement capabilities for researchers and scientists.

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Lab products found in correlation

34 protocols using orientin

Antioxidant Activity Assessment Protocol

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Folin-Ciocalteau’s phenol reagent (FCR), 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, gallic acid, 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), β-carotene, linoleic acid, Tween 40, HPLC standards, including caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, orientin (luteolin 8-C-β-d-glucoside), isoorientin (luteolin 6-C-β-d-glucoside), vitexin (apigenin 8-C-glucoside), isovitexin (apigenin 6-C-glucoside), vicenin-2 (apigenin 6,8-di-C-β-d-glucoside), and schaftoside (apigenin 8-C-α-l-arabinoside 6-C-β-d-glucoside) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sodium persulfate, ferrous chloride, and the solvents were provided by Avantor Performance Materials (Gliwice, Poland).

Gai F., Janiak M.A., Sulewska K., Peiretti P.G, & Karamać M. (2023). Phenolic Compound Profile and Antioxidant Capacity of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Harvested at Different Growth Stages. Molecules, 28(4), 1807.

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Analysis of Phytochemicals in Wheat Germ

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Raw wheat germ was purchased from local grocery stores. Standard samples of vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoorientin, and formic acid were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). HPLC grade methanol and acetonitrile were purchased from VWR International, Inc. (Clarksburg, MD, USA). HPLC water was prepared from distilled water using a Milli-Q system (Millipore Laboratories, Bedford, MA, USA).

Geng P., Sun J., Zhang M., Li X., Harnly J.M, & Chen P. (2016). Comprehensive characterization of C-glycosyl flavones in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germ using UPLC-PDA-ESI/HRMSn and mass defect filtering. Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS, 51(10), 914-930.

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Polyphenolic Compounds Quantification

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The following HPLC- or LC-MS-grade reagents were used for analyses: acetonitrile, L-ascorbic acid, methanol (Sigma-Aldrich, Poland), acetic acid (Baker, Poland), and formic acid (VWR Int., Poland). The qualitative and quantitative content of polyphenolic compounds was determined with the following standards: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, gallic acid, isovanilic acid, kaempferol, luteolin, neochlorogenic acid, orientin (luteolin-8-glucoside), p-coumaric acid, procyanidin B2, quercetin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Sigma-Aldrich, Poland), (+)-catechin, (–)-epicatechin, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-vicianoside (Extrasynthese, France), cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside, cyanidin-3-O-galactoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Polyphenols Laboratories AS, Norway) and cyanidin-3-O-xyloside (Toronto Research Chemicals, Canada).

Sidor A., Drożdżyńska A., Brzozowska A., Szwengiel A, & Gramza-Michałowska A. (2020). The Effect of Plant Additives on the Stability of Polyphenols in Cloudy and Clarified Juices from Black Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa). Antioxidants, 9(9), 801.

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Orientin Effects on C3A Liver Cells

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Human C3A liver cells (ATTC Cat. No. CRL-10741) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Orientin (≥ 97.0% purity), MTT, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA), while 2-Deoxy-[³H]-D-glucose and ¹⁴C palmitate were obtained from American Radiolabeled Chemicals (St Louis, MO, USA). Eagle’s minimum essential medium (EMEM), Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS, pH 7.4 with calcium and magnesium), penicillin-streptomycin, and ViaLight plus ATP kits were from Lonza (Basel, Switzerland). PCR probes, beta-2 microglobulin (B2m), Pi3k, Irs1, Glut2, Cpt1, and Ampk were purchased from Thermofisher (Waltham Massachusetts, USA). All other cell culture reagents were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA).

Mazibuko-Mbeje S.E., Mthembu S.X., Tshiitamune A., Muvhulawa N., Mthiyane F.T., Ziqubu K., Muller C.J, & Dludla P.V. (2021). Orientin Improves Substrate Utilization and the Expression of Major Genes Involved in Insulin Signaling and Energy Regulation in Cultured Insulin-Resistant Liver Cells. Molecules, 26(20), 6154.

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Characterization of SrtA in S. aureus USA300

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LAC, the strain of S. aureus USA300, was provided by the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). The mutant with SrtA deletion (ΔsrtA) was preserved in our laboratory. E. coli BL21(DE3) was used as the host to express the protein and was purchased from TaKaRa Biological Company (Dalian, China). Abz-LPATG-Dap (Dnp)-NH₂ (Abz: ortho-aminobenzoic acid; Dnp:2,4-dinitrophenyl), a peptide substrate, was purchased from LifeTein (Beijing, China). The rabbit anti-SrtA polyclonal antibody was prepared by our team. The orientin (purity >98%) was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich. Other chemical reagents were provided by Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China). The S. aureus was routinely cultured in brain-heart infusion broth (BHI, Solarbio, Beijing, China) at 37°C.

Wang L., Jing S., Qu H., Wang K., Jin Y., Ding Y., Yang L., Yu H., Shi Y., Li Q, & Wang D. (2021). Orientin mediates protection against MRSA-induced pneumonia by inhibiting Sortase A. Virulence, 12(1), 2149-2161.

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Quantification of Phenolic Compounds

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Standards of the phenolic compounds apigenin, caffeic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, gallic acid, hesperidin, hyperoside, iso orientin, iso quercetin, iso-vitexin, kaempferol, naringenin, orientin, procyanidines B1 + B3, and procyanidine B2, quercetin, quercitrin, rutin, vitexin, and the internal standard probenecid were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Methanol (LC-MS grade, ≥99.9%) was obtained from Riedel de Haën (Seelze, Germany). Formic acid (LC-MS grade, 99%) was purchased from VWR (Leuven, Belgium). Pure water was obtained from a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).

Janovská D., Jágr M., Svoboda P., Dvořáček V., Meglič V, & Hlásná Čepková P. (2021). Breeding Buckwheat for Nutritional Quality in the Czech Republic. Plants, 10(7), 1262.

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Evaluating Natural Flavones and Kinase Inhibitors

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All solvents and reagents were from commercial sources and were used without further purification. Natural flavones (iso orientin, orientin, isovitexin, and luteolin), staurosporine, TDZD-8, theophylline, atenolol, desipramine, TMSCHN₂, [TEMPO]⁺[BF₄]⁻, HCTU, organic amines, and protease inhibitor cocktail were from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO). β-Amyloid fragment peptide 1–42 (Aβ₄₂) was from AnaSpec (Fremont, CA). Kinase Selectivity Profiling Assay Kit, ADP-Glo Kinase Assay Kit, and CellTiter 96 AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation MTX Assay Kit were from Promega (Madison, WI). Human Tau pS396 ELISA Kit and Cell Extraction Buffer were from Invitrogen (Camarillo, CA). Precoated PAMPA plate system was from Corning (Tewksbury, MA).

Liang Z, & Li Q.X. (2018). Discovery of Selective, Substrate-Competitive, and Passive Membrane Permeable Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling of New C-Glycosylflavones. ACS chemical neuroscience, 9(5), 1166-1183.

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Antiophidic Bioactive Compounds Extraction

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Luteolin, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, isovitexin, D-glicose, gallic acid, Cremophor® EL (polyoxyl 35 castor oil), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT), Bothrops jararaca snake venom, bovine fibrinogen, bovine serum albumin, ascorbic acid, pyrocatechol violet and ferrozine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All reagents of sodium dodecilsuphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were purchased from GE Healthcare (Piscataway, NJ, USA). All reagents used for cell culture procedures were purchased from Cultilab (Campinas, SP, Brazil). All other reagents and solvents used were of analytical grade. The water used was purified by reverse osmosis.

Félix-Silva J., Souza T., Camara R.B., Cabral B., Silva-Júnior A.A., Rebecchi I.M., Zucolotto S.M., Rocha H.A, & Fernandes-Pedrosa M.D. (2014). In vitro anticoagulant and antioxidant activities of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves aiming therapeutical applications. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 14, 405.

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Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Analyses

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Only analytical grade chemicals were used in this study. Acetonitrile, ethyl alcohol, formic acid, catechin, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and gallic acid were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Apigenin, rutin, orientin, luteolin, kaempferol, quercetin, 2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), Trolox, 2, 4, 6-Tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), phenanthroline, amikacin, gentamicin, benzylpenicillin, cefotaxime, fluconazole and ketoconazole were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). The antibiotics were dissolved in sterile water. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-DAD) was performed with a Shimadzu Prominence Auto Sampler (SIL-20A) HPLC system (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan), equipped with Shimadzu LC-20AT with reciprocating pumps connected to a DGU 20A5 degasser with a CBM 20A integrator, SPD-M20A diode array detector and LC solution 1.22 SP1 software.

Nonato C.D., Leite D.O., Pereira R.C., Boligon A.A., Ribeiro-Filho J., Rodrigues F.F, & da Costa J.G. (2018). Chemical analysis and evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of fruit fractions of Mauritia flexuosa L. f. (Arecaceae). PeerJ, 6, e5991.

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Functionalization of Magnetic Beads for Bioassays

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2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) was purchased from EMD-Calbiochem (Gibbstown, NJ). 1-Ethyl-3-(3-methylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), gluteraldehyde, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, Dithiothreitol (DTT) potassium phosphate dibasic, pyridine (99.8%), sodium azide, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium chloride, tryptone, yeast extract, glucose, β-mercaptoethanol, EDTA, Isopropyl β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), trizma base, calcium chloride, glycerol and sodium phosphate monobasic, quercetin, vitexin, naringenin, orientin were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, WI). Species verification of lot number 401255 (T. foenum-graecum) was from HerbPharm (Williams, OR). N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide (Sulfo-NHS) was from Pierce (Rockford, IL). Solutions were prepared using purified water from a Millipore MilliQ system (Millipore Corporation, Bedford, MA). BcMag amine-terminated magnetic beads (50 mg/mL, 1 μm) were purchased from Bioclone, Inc. (San Diego, CA). The manual magnetic separator Dynal MPC-S was from Invitrogen Corporation (Carlsbad, CA).

Singh N., Ravichandran S., Spelman K., Fugmann S.D, & Moaddel R. (2014). The identification of a novel SIRT6 modulator from Trigonella foenum-graecum using ligand fishing with protein coated magnetic beads. Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences, 0, 105-111.

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