Invia reflex

The Raman spectra of PA66 and the PA66/Di−PE composites residual chars were obtained with a laser Raman spectrometer (Renishaw inVia Reflex, Renishaw Co., Miskin, UK) using a 532 nm helium–neon laser line focused on a micrometer spot on the sample surface and scanning in the 2000–800 cm⁻¹ region.

The dispersive Raman spectrometer was very useful in identifying organic matter. The inVia Reflex instrument (produced by Renishaw plc, UK) was applied to establish the identity of some chemical entities. As a source, the ion argon laser emitting light of wavelength 514 nm was in use. The initial power of 20 mW was applied. The laser was conventionally air-cooled. The spectral resolution for the laser was <1 cm⁻¹. Due to the presence of inorganic and organic components, we decided to study the wide spectral range of 200-3600 cm⁻¹. The lens concentrated the laser beam on the sample in 2 μm wide spots. For the control of deposited laser energy on the sample, a set of neutral gray filters was applied. The thermoelectrically cooled CCD detector was used for the collection of spectra. The initial treatment of the data was made using the Wire2 computer program and finished with Origin 8 software. The main Raman bands of interest were as follows: ν (C=O) amide I β-sheet at ~1667 cm⁻¹; ν (C=O) amide I α-helix at ~1653 cm⁻¹; ν (C-C) in the aromatic ring at 1003 cm⁻¹; ν (S-S) at 507 cm⁻¹; ν (C-S) at 643 cm⁻¹.

SEM (FEI‐Apreo) was applied to observe the surface morphology of SBCA. The phase composition of SBCA was characterized by XRD (D8 advance) and the data were analyzed by MDI‐Jade 6 software. A Raman spectrometer (Renishaw inVia Reflex) with excitation wavelength of 532 nm was used to characterize the graphitization degree of the sample. X‐ray Photoelectron Spectrometer (XPS) (Thermo ESCALAB 250XI) was applied to determine the composition and chemical valence of porous SBCA. The groups on the sample surface were evaluated by FT‐IR spectroscopy (Vertex 70). The reflection spectrum of the light absorber in the wavelength range of 200–2500 nm was tested by the UV–visible‐near infrared spectrophotometer with the model Carry 5000. Further, the absorbance of SBCA can be calculated by the equation A = 1‐R‐T, where R and T represent the reflectance and transmittance of the sample, respectively.