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48 protocols using procartaplex immunoassay

1

Comprehensive Analysis of Rat Inflammatory Markers

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A ProcartaPlex immunoassay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) was used to assess the levels of 22 rat inflammatory markers (IL-1 alpha, G-CSF, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF alpha, IL-4, GM-CSF, IFN gamma, IL-2, IL-5, IL-13, IL-12p70, eotaxin, GRO alpha, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-2 and RANTES) in single muscle tissue samples. Sample preparation, assays and analyses were performed as described in the manufacturer’s instructions.
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2

Influenza A/x31 Induced Lung Cytokines

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Lungs were harvested from Nkx2.1creTpl2flox/- mice, placed in 1 ml PBS and dissociated with a bead mill homogenizer (Qiagen). Lung homogenates were centrifuged at 500 x g for 5 min. Cytokines were quantified using a custom Procartaplex Immunoassay (Thermo-Scientific), IFN-α and IFN-β Luminescent ELISA kits (Invivogen) and Mouse Inflammation Cytometric Bead Array (CBA, BD Bioscience). IFN-λ3 (IL-28B) was measured using a colorimetric ELISA (Invitrogen). Hydroxyproline assay kit (Sigma, MAK357) was utilized to determine collagen levels in Nkx2.1creTpl2flox/- lungs infected with influenza A/x31 for 8 days prior to harvesting.
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3

Cytokine and Growth Factor Analysis

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After 2 and 6 days of storage at 25 °C, immediately after the resazurin assay, the cell-seeded constructs were transferred to 1 mL of fresh CCM and were incubated at 37 °C/5% CO2. After 24 h, the conditioned medium was collected and was stored at −80 °C until use. The concentrations of the growth factors and cytokines (SDF-1α, VEGF-A, VCAM-1, FGF-2, HGF, MCP-1, IL-6, and bNGF) were determined using the Luminex®-based multiplex ProcartaPlex® Immunoassay (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Nine samples were measured for each time interval. CMs collected on day 8 from the same samples that were later measured after 2 and 6 days of storage at 25 °C served as controls. The measurement was performed on a Bio-Plex 200 Instrument (Bio-Rad, Prague, Czech Republic) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. All samples were analyzed in duplicate. The cytokine and growth factor concentrations (pg/mL or ng/mL) in the samples were derived from measured MFIs using fitted standard curves.
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4

Quantifying IFNα and IFNβ in Serum

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IFNα and IFNβ levels in serum were measured using a magnetic bead-based ProcartaPlex Immunoassay (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA) using manufacturers protocols.
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5

Allogeneic MLR Cytokine Profiling

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For the allogeneic MLRs, CD1a+Langerin+ and CD1a+Langerin cells were sorted on the basis of CD1a and Langerin expression with a FACS Aria II (BD Biosciences). Cells were cultured in the presence or absence of the cytokine maturation cocktail for 24 hours, both supplemented with 50 ng/ml GM-CSF (Sanofi), followed by coculturing with 0.4 μM carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester‒labeled (Thermo Fisher Scientific) allogeneic CD14 peripheral blood lymphocytes in the ratios of 1:5, 1:10, and 1:20 for 5 days. On day 5, supernatants from MLRs were collected, and cells were harvested to determine T cell proliferation by carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester dilution by flow cytometry. Supernatants were used for a ProcartaPlex Immunoassay (Thermo Fisher Scientific) for measurements of the cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, and IFN-γ.
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6

Multiplex Inflammatory Profiling in Rat Muscle

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A ProcartaPlex immunoassay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) was used to assess the levels of 22 rat inflammatory markers (IL-1 alpha, G-CSF, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF alpha, IL-4, GM-CSF, IFN gamma, IL-2, IL-5, IL-13, IL-12p70, Eotaxin, GRO alpha, IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-2, and Rantes) in single muscle tissue samples. Sample preparation, assays, and analyses were performed as described in the manufacturer's instructions.
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7

Bispecific Antibodies and Cytokine Release

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Example 20

This example illustrates cytokine release in the presence of bispecific antibodies in vitro.

Human PBMCs from three donors were incubated with isotype, anti-CD3 antibody (OKT3, as positive control), and three bispecific antibodies (anti-PD-L1 #6, anti-Her2 #3-7, and anti-glycan conjugated to CD137 #54 scFv) at 0.67, 6.67, and 66.67 nM for 24 hours. Cytokines released into the culture medium were detected by the multiplex ProcartaPlex Immunoassay (ThermoFisher Scientific). A profound cytokine release was induced by OKT3, while the three bispecific antibodies did not induce cytokine release (FIG. 26).

These results show that, compared to OKT3, PD-L1 #6-CD137 #54, Her2 #3-7-CD137 #54 and glycan-CD137 #54 bsAbs did not induce noticeable cytokine release above background when incubated with human PBMC.

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8

Cytokine and Chemokine Profiling in Irradiated BAL

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Cytokine and chemokine levels in gamma irradiated (2 megarads) BAL specimens were analyzed using a custom ProcartaPlex immunoassay (ThermoFisher Scientific) nonhuman primate cytokine magnetic bead panel premixed 24-plex kit, per the manufacturer’s protocol. The levels of the analytes were assessed on a Bio-Plex 200 system (Bio-Rad).
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9

Quantifying IFN-β Serum Levels

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IFN-β serum levels were assessed basally and after treatment using a customized Procartaplex Immunoassay (Thermo Fisher). 25 µL per well of antibody coupled beads and 50 µL per well of diluted patient serum were added into a 96 well plate and incubated overnight at 4°C. Each assay included a standard curve and all samples were performed in duplicate. Plates were processed following manufacturers’ instructions and then read with a Bio-Plex® 200 system (Bio-Rad). The data obtained were processed with the Bioplex Manager 6.0 software (Bio-Rad) using a five-parameter curve fitting algorithm to analyse them.
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10

Quantifying Systemic Inflammatory Markers

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To analyze systemic inflammatory mediators, plasma from mice was analyzed by using the ProcartaPlex Immunoassay (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA) for granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-6, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), CXCL10 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). All procedures were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Some plasma parameters have been published as control samples in a previous study regarding cardiac inflammation after trauma (43 (link)).
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