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Bactiter glo reagent

Manufactured by Promega
Sourced in United States

The BacTiter-Glo reagent is a luminescence-based assay that measures the presence of viable bacterial cells in a sample. It provides a quantitative assessment of bacterial viability without requiring cell lysis or extensive sample preparation.

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54 protocols using bactiter glo reagent

1

Mitochondrial Potential and ATP Quantification

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Hyphae were incubated 2 hours with atovaquone, mitochondria inhibitor carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) or DMSO in RPMI 1640. RPMI was then removed and fresh RPMI 1640 (no phenol red) containing JC1 (2 μM) probe was added for 15 minutes, and fluorescence was quantified per the manufacturer's directions (MitoProbe JC1 Assay Kit; ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). JC-1 dye accumulates in healthy mitochondria (intact mitochondrial potential), indicated by a fluorescence emission shift from green (∼529 nm) to red (∼590 nm); consequently, mitochondrial depolarization is indicated by a decrease in the red/green fluorescence intensity ratio.
For ATP measurements, hyphae were treated with atovaquone or medium alone in 200 μL RPMI 1640 for 2 hours; 175 μL media was removed and 25 μL BacTiter-Glo Reagent (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) was added to the remaining 25 μL culture media and incubated for 10 minutes at RT. BacTiter-Glo Reagent generates a luminescent signal proportional to the amount of ATP in a sample using a proprietary luciferase reagent (Promega). Luminescence was measured using the Cytation5 reader.
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2

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Viability and ADP/ATP Ratio

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Log-phase Mtb cultures were exposed to drugs for 24 h and mixed with BacTiter-Glo reagent (v/v 4:1) (Promega) followed by incubation in the dark for 10 min. Luminescence (relative light units, RLUs) was read in a TECAN Infinite M200. For ADP detection and calculation of the ADP/ATP ratio, we exposed log-phase Mtb (OD600 of 0.01) to LPZS for 24 h in a white 96-well plate. BacTiter-Glo reagent (v/v 4:1) was added and luminescence was determined after 2 min (RLUA). Plates were incubated in the dark for 15 min and read again, which provided background ATP signals prior to ADP measurements (RLUB). Five microlitre of an ADP-converting enzyme (Sigma Alrich, MAK135E) were added, followed by a third measurement after 1 min of incubation (RLUC). The ADP/ATP ratio was calculated using the following formula: ADP/ATP=(RLUC−RLUB)/RLUA.
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3

Cellular ATP Measurement by Bioluminescence

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Cellular ATP levels were determined in the three tested strains at different OD values by a luciferase bioluminescence assay. Briefly, 100 µl of each sample was mixed with an equal volume of BacTiter-Glo reagent (Promega) in a 96-well plate, incubated for 5 min, and then the luminescence was measured using the previously described luminometer.
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4

Quantifying Viable Candida albicans in Planktonic Assay

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To determine the relative amount of live C. albicans in the media of the planktonic-based activity assay, 100 µL of the homogeneous fungal suspension from each well were transferred to white 96-well flat-bottomed microplates, to which 100 µL of the BacTiterGlo reagent (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA) was added [21 (link)]. After 20 min of shaking at room temperature, the luminescence was measured in an Infinite M200PRO plate reader (Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland). The percentage of viable fungi in the SRV-CTZ group in comparison to SRV-placebo group was calculated using the following formula: (LumCTZ/LumPL) × 100, where LumCTZ is the average luminescence of the samples from the SRV-CTZ group and LumPL the average luminescence of the samples from the SRV-placebo group.
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5

Bioluminescent Yeast Cell Viability Assay

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All strains were cultured overnight in YPD at 30°C. Cells were then subcultured in fresh medium until the log phase of growth was reached. Next, 2 × 106 cells of each strain were mixed completely with equal volumes of the BacTiter-Glo reagent (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI) (Lin et al., 2019 (link); Li et al., 2021 (link)), followed by incubation at room temperature for 15 min in the dark. Finally, luminescent signals were detected using the full-wavelength multifunctional enzyme-mark instrument (SpectraMax Paradigm).
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6

ATP Efflux Assay for Transfected HEK293 Cells

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The ability of the transfected HEK293 cells to release ATP into the culture medium was determined using confluent monolayers as described previously [14 (link),19 (link)]. In brief, the medium was removed and replaced with 50 μL efflux buffer, consisting of 11.5 mM HEPES (pH 7.4), 130 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 1.5 mM CaCl2, and 11.5 mM glucose. The cells were then incubated for 1 hr at 27 °C. Next, 50 µL BactiterGlo reagent (Promega) dissolved in efflux buffer was added to each well. Bioluminescence was subsequently determined in real time in a Flex Station 3 microplate reader (Molecular Devices, San Jose, CA, USA) as detailed previously [14 (link),19 (link)]. The real-time ATP efflux assay was run at 27 °C for the first 1 h and then at 37 °C for 2 hr. The initial low temperature allowed endogenous ecto-nucleotidases to degrade the Abcc6-independent background ATP efflux induced by the medium change.
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7

Antimicrobial Screening of S. aureus

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S. aureus ATCC 25923 strain was grown in Mueller Hinton II broth at 35°C overnight. The overnight culture was diluted in fresh broth and used as inoculum for the antimicrobial screen. Working stocks (50X) of test compounds were prepared in DMSO. Each well of the 384-well plate contained 30 μl of the inoculum and 0.6 μl of the 50X compound working stock. Plates were incubated at 35°C for 18 hours and 30 μl of the BacTiter-Glo™ reagent (Promega) was added. Relative luminescent units (RLU) were measured using and normalized to growth control wells (2% DMSO) and expressed as % Growth. IC50 values were calculated using the Levenberg–Marquardt nonlinear regression algorithm and defined as the compound concentration that produced 50% of the growth inhibitory response. The IC90 value was defined as the compound concentration that produced 90% of the growth inhibitory response [9 ,10 ].
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8

ATP Quantification in Biological Samples

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Total ATP (ATPt) and extracellular ATP (ATPe) were determined using the BacTiter-Glo™ reagent (Promega Corporation) and a Promega Glomax 20/20 luminometer as described elsewhere89 (link)–91 (link). Briefly, samples (500 μL) and ATP reagent (50 μL) were warmed to 38°C simultaneously in separate sterile Eppendorf tubes then combined, incubated at 38 °C for an additional 20 s, and measured. Luminescence data were collected as relative light units (RLU) and converted to ATP (nM) by means of a calibration curve made with a known ATP standard (10 uM; Promega) diluted in ATP-free, sterile water (autoclaved and 0.1 μm filtered dechlorinated tap water). For extracellular ATP analysis, each sample was filtered through a 0.1 μm sterile syringe filter (Millex®-GP, Millipore) followed by analysis as described above. The intracellular and cell-bound ATP (ATPi) was calculated by subtracting the extracellular ATP from the total ATP for each individual sample. ATP was measured in triplicate for all samples.
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9

MTB Antibiotic Susceptibility Assay

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Twofold dilutions of antitubercular agents were prepared in Middlebrook 7H9 medium in a volume of 20 μL in 96-well culture plates. Approximately 180 μL of 106 CFU/mL MTB strains was added, yielding a final testing volume of 200 μL. The plates were incubated at 37°C; on the seventh day, 100 μL of culture was taken from each well and mixed with an equal volume of Bac Titer-Glo® reagent (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). The assay was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. Luminescence was measured on a POLARstar Omega (BMG Lab Tech, Cary, NC) microplate reader at an integration time of 500 milliseconds.
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10

High-Throughput Screening of Antibacterial Compounds

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High-throughput screening was performed at the University of Michigan Center for Chemical Genomics. Wild-type E. faecalis OG1RF was grown overnight in MHB + 10% Terrific Broth with a final glycerol concentration of 4%. Stationary-phase cultures were diluted into fresh media containing 8 µg/ml CTRX and incubated overnight at 37°C in 384-well plates containing approximately 10 µM final concentration of stock compound. Using the BacTiter-Glo reagent (Promega) per manufacturer’s instructions, total ATP was measured as a surrogate for cell-density. Confirmation and dose-response screening were performed similarly but included wells lacking CTRX.
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