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Anti phosphorylated ampk

Manufactured by Cell Signaling Technology
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Anti-phosphorylated AMPK is a laboratory reagent used to detect and study the phosphorylated form of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) enzyme. AMPK is a crucial cellular energy sensor that becomes activated when cellular energy levels are low, triggering metabolic pathways to restore energy balance. The anti-phosphorylated AMPK reagent can be used to analyze AMPK activation and signaling in various biological samples and experimental systems.

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15 protocols using anti phosphorylated ampk

1

Western Blotting Protocol for AMPK Quantification

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The methods used for Western blotting have been described previously [2 (link),22 (link)]. Proteins were separated by electrophoresis and transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (Merck KGaA) via a wet transfer system. The membranes were then maintained overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: anti-total AMPK, anti-phosphorylated AMPK (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA), and anti-β-actin (AbFrontier, Seoul, South Korea). The membranes were then maintained with an anti-rabbit IgG-horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) for 1 h at room temperature. Antibody-antigen complexes were visualized using the EzWestLumi Plus Detection Kit (ATTO Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Luminescent images were obtained using a LuminoGraph II Imaging System (ATTO Corporation).
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2

Quantifying AMPK Phosphorylation and Protein Levels

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Phosphorylation and protein levels of αAMPK were determined as described51 –54 . Western blot analyses were performed with anti-phosphorylated-AMPK (Cell Signaling Technology #2535) and anti-αAMPK (Cell Signaling Technology #2532) antibodies. Protein levels of AdipoR were analyzed by western blotting, using an anti-Flag antibody (Sigma-Aldrich F1804).
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3

Quantifying AMPK Phosphorylation and Protein Levels

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Phosphorylation and protein levels of αAMPK were determined as described51 –54 . Western blot analyses were performed with anti-phosphorylated-AMPK (Cell Signaling Technology #2535) and anti-αAMPK (Cell Signaling Technology #2532) antibodies. Protein levels of AdipoR were analyzed by western blotting, using an anti-Flag antibody (Sigma-Aldrich F1804).
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4

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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Proteins were extracted using the lysis buffer containing 25 mM hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES), 150 mM NaCl, 1% Triton X-100, 10% glycerol, 5 mM EDTA, 10 mM NaF, 2 mM Na VO, and a protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea). Proteins were separated by electrophoresis using a 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) using a wet transfer system. Membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies: anti-total AMPK, anti-phosphorylated AMPK, anti-total Akt, anti-phosphorylated Akt (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA), PTP-MEG2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), and anti-beta-actin (AbFrontier, Seoul, Republic of Korea). Membranes were then probed with an anti-rabbit-IgG-horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Antibody–antigen complexes were detected using enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) reagents (GE Healthcare Korea, Songdo, Republic of Korea).
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5

C2C12 Cell Lysis and Western Blot

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C2C12 cells were lysed in 20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 5 mM Na4P2O7, 100 mM NaF, 2 mM Na3VO4, and 1% NP-40 buffer supplemented with a protease inhibitor (1 µg/µL aprotinin, 1 µg/µL leupeptin, and 1 mM PMSF). Cell lysates were sonicated on ice twice for 15 seconds each time, and debris was removed by centrifugation (15,000 g) for 30 minutes at 4℃. Proteins (10 to 20 µg) were separated on a sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane (Whatman, Dassel, Germany). The membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk in Tween-20-Tris-buffered saline (TBS-T) for 1 hour at room temperature, followed by incubation with primary antibody overnight at 4℃. The primary antibodies used were a total OXPHOS antibody cocktail (MitoScience, San Francisco, CA, USA), anti-IRS-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Santa Cruz, CA, USA), anti-pIRS-1 (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), anti-Akt (Cell Signaling), anti-pAkt (Cell Signaling), anti-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK; Cell Signaling), anti-phosphorylated AMPK (Cell Signaling), and anti-γ-tubulin (Sigma-Aldrich Co.). The secondary antibodies were anti-rabbit or anti-mouse immunoglobulin G.
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6

Antibody-based Western Blot Analysis

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The following antibodies used for Western blotting are listed: anti-GAPDH (MAB374, Merck Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), anti-alpha SMA (ab5694, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), anti-vimentin (5741, Cell Signaling, Beverly, MA, USA), anti-phosphorylated AMPK (2535, Cell Signaling), anti-AMPK (2532, Cell Signaling), anti-phosphorylated mTOR (5536, Cell Signaling), anti-mTOR (ab32048, Abcam) and anti-collagen I (sc-166865, Santa Cruz, CA, USA). The chemicals used were PDGF-bb (520-BB, R&D System, Minneapolis, MN, USA), PDGF-bb(520-BB, R&D System) and n-butylidenephthalide (ALFA, Derbyshire, UK). For the in vitro experiments, 10% (w/v) n-BP/DMSO was prepared as the stock.
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7

Metformin's effects on OC cell lines

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Four OC cell lines, SKOV3, IGROV1, CAOV3 and OVCAR3, were used for these experiments. SKOV3 cells were grown in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 units/ml penicillin and 100 μg/ml streptomycin under 5% CO2. IGROV1, CAOV3 and OVCAR3 cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 containing 10% FBS, 100 units/ml penicillin and 100 ug/ml streptomycin. Metformin, MTT dye, RNase A and anti-α-tubulin antibody were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). The anti-phosphorylated-AMPK, anti-pan-AMPK, anti-phosphorylated-S6 and anti-pan-S6 antibodies as well as the caspase-3 ELISA kit were purchased from Cell Signaling (Beverly, MA). The Annexin V FITC Kit was purchased from BioVison (Mountain View, CA). The ChemoTx® Invasion Kit was from NeuroProbe (Gaithersburg, MD). Enhanced chemiluminescence Western blotting detection reagents were purchased from Amersham (Arlington Heights, IL). All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma.
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8

Western Blotting of Apoptosis and Autophagy Markers

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Western blotting was performed as previously described [16 (link)]. The primary antibodies used were as follows: anti-cleaved-caspase-3, anti-Bcl-2, anti-Bax, anti-phosphorylated-AMPK, anti-AMPK, anti-phosphorylated-Akt, anti-Akt, anti-LC3B, anti-p62, anti-Beclin1, anti-ATG5, anti-ATG7, anti-Acetylation, anti-Lamin B and anti-SIRT1 antibody from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, MA). The anti-β-tubulin1 antibody was from Boster Biological Technology (Wuhan, China). The secondary antibodies were provided by Boster Biological Technology.
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9

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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Phenylephrine (PE) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (P0398). Hispidulin (SML0582), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (D2650), and EX-527 (E7034) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). With the purpose of detecting specific proteins by Western blotting, the following primary antibodies, obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA), were applied: anti-AMPK (Thr172) (#2531), antiphosphorylated AMPK (#2532), anti-Sirt1(D1D7) (#5490) antibody, anti-phosphorylated p38 (Thr180/Tyr182) (#4511), anti-p38 (#8690), anti-phosphorylated Akt (Ser473) (#4060), anti-Akt (#9272), anti-phosphorylated JNK1/2 (Thr183/Tyr185) (#4668), anti-JNK1/2 (#9252), anti-Tom20 (D8T4N) (#42406), anti-OPA1 (D6U6N) (#80471), anti-Mitofusin2 (D1E9) (#11925), and anti-GAPDH (#2118) antibodies. Anti-PGC-1α antibody (66369-lg) and secondary antibodies, including goat anti-rat IgG (H+L), horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugate (SA00001-15), goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L), and HRP conjugate (SA00001-1), were obtained from Protein-tech Group (Wuhan, China). The anti-vinculin antibody was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (V9264).
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10

Antibody Panel for Signaling Pathways

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Anti-SHP-1 was purchased from Abcam. Anti-AMPK, anti-phosphorylated-AMPK, anti-ZAP70, anti-phosphorylated-ZAP70, anti-mTOR, anti-phosphorylated-mTOR, anti-p70 S6 kinase, and anti-phosphorylated-p70 S6 kinase antibodies were acquired from Cell Signaling Technology.
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