Xcelligence real time cell analysis system rtca

An xCELLigence Real‐Time Cell Analysis System (RTCA; ACEA Biosciences, CA, USA) in a humidified 37°C 5% CO₂ incubator was used to monitor HCC cell migration. Briefly, the cells (5 × 10⁴/well) were added to the instrument chamber (E‐plate16, ACEA Biosciences), with appropriate treatments being applied. Cells were then monitored over a 20 h period, with electrical impedance being measured with gold microelectrodes to detect proliferation. This impedance was used to calculate the cell index value corresponding to cell proliferation, with this value being calculated every 10 min for the 20 h period with the RTCA software (ACEA Biosciences).

Cell proliferation was assayed by an xCELLigence Real Time Cell Analysis System (RTCA) (ACEA Biosciences, San Diego, CA, United States). Briefly, cells (5 × 10³/well) were suspended in medium containing 10% FBS, seeded in E-plates, and placed onto the RTCA station. Cell proliferation was monitored by measuring cell impedance, and the normalized cell index was determined as previously described (Lin et al., 2018 (link)). Data acquisition and analysis were performed with the RTCA software (version 2.0) as described previously (Liang et al., 2020 (link)).