Tgf β

COP (purity >98%) was purchased from Shanghai Yuan Ye Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Dextra sulfate sodium was obtained from MP Biomedical (Irvine, CA, USA). Cefadroxil (purity >99%), terramycin (purity >98%) and erythromycin (purity >99%) were purchased from Dalian Meilun Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Dalian, China). Mesalazine (MSZ) was obtained from Losan Pharma GmbH, Germany. ELISA kits (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1β, TGF-β, and IFN-γ) were obtained from Shanghai Enzyme-linked Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). BCA kit and myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay kit were obtained from the Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute of Nanjing (Nanjing, Jiangsu, China). Primary antibodies against p65, IκBα, p-IκBα, NLRP3, ASC, Capase-1, Caspase-1 p10, GAPDH and Histone H3 were purchased from Affinity Biosciences (OH, USA). All other reagents and chemicals were at least of analytical grade.

Tremella polysaccharide was purchased from Xi’an Tongjiang Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (with a purity of ≥98%, Xi’an, Shanxi, China), the polysaccharide was derived from Tremella which was produced in Sichuan, China [22 ]. Cyclophosphamide was purchased from Shanghai Ryon Biological Technology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). ELISA kits for immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-12 (IL-12), transform growth factor-β (TGF-β) and interferon-γ (INF-γ) were obtained from Shanghai Enzyme-linked Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). TRIzol^® Reagent, RevertAid First Stand cDNA Synthesis Kit and SYBR^® Select Master Mix were provided by Thermo Fisher Scientific (New York, NY, USA).

Sodium butyrate (Figure 1(a); HPLC ≥ 98.5% purity) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co. Ltd. (China). TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-17 assay kits were purchased from Shanghai Enzyme-linked Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Primary antibodies, including anti-iNOS (Cell Signaling, 13120S), anti-Arg-1 (Cell Signaling, 93668S), anti-ROR gamma(t) (Invitrogen, 14-6988-82), anti-FoxP3 (Beijing Biosynthesis Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Beijing, China, bs-10211R), anti-β-actin (Proteintech, 20536-1-AP), and anti-insulin (Abcam, ab181547). Goat anti-rabbit secondary antibodies (cat. no. 10285-1-AP) were obtained from ProteinTech Group, Inc. (Chicago, IL, USA).