Chromatography grade acetic acid

ANIT, carbamazepine, mycophenolic acid, and reference standards for 18 BAs, including CA, glycocholic acid, TCA, CDCA, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, TCDCA, deoxycholic acid, glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, UDCA, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, TUDCA, LCA, glycolithocholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, glycohyodeoxycholic acid, and taurohyodeoxycholic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Chromatography-grade acetonitrile was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was purified using a MilliQ water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Chromatography-grade acetic acid, formic acid, and methanol were provided by Tedia Company (Fairfield, OH, USA).

ANIT, carbamazepine, mycophenolic acid, cholic acid (CA), glycocholic acid (GCA), taurocholic acid (TCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), deoxycholic acid (DCA), glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA), tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), glycolithocholic acid (GLCA), taurolithocholic acid (TLCA), hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), glycohyodeoxycholic acid (GHDCA), and taurohyodeoxycholic acid (THDCA) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Chromatography grade acetonitrile was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was purified using a MilliQ water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Chromatography grade acetic acid, formic acid, and methanol were provided by Tedia Company (Fairfield, OH, USA).

Chromatography-grade acetonitrile was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was purified using a Milli-Q water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Chromatography-grade acetic acid, formic acid, and methanol were provided by Tedia Company (Fairfield, OH, USA). All the crude drugs including Radix Astragali (Huangqi in China, HQ), Radix Glycyrrhizae (Gancao in China, GC), Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baizhu in China, BZ), Radix Codonopsis (Dangshen in China, DS), Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui in China, DG), Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Chengpi in China, CP), Radix Bupleuri (Caihu in China, CH), and Rhizoma Cimicifugae (Shengma in China, SM) were purchased from Shanghai Kangqiao Chinese Medicine Tablet Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China) and authenticated by Gen Chim Testing Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Mosapride was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).