Hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin hp β cd

Piperine (PIP) was procured from Beijing Mesochem Technology Co. Pvt. Ltd. (Beijing, China). Hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin (HP β CD) was obtained from Sigma, Germany. d-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) was a gift from Antares Health Products Inc. All other chemicals used were of analytical grade. Milli Q water was collected from a purification unit and used for the study.

Rutin (RT) (purity > 95%) was purchased from Oxford Lab Fine Chem LLP, Vasai, India. Hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), and Pluronic F-127 was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, PEG 200, PEG 6000, Tween 80, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), disodium hydrogen phosphate, and sodium hydroxide were obtained from United Company for Chem. and Med. Prep., Cairo, Egypt.

Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD, 99.9% purity, degree of substitution: ~0.8, MW = 1460 g/mol) and _L-leucine (99.9% purity) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Ethanol and methanol (99.9% purity, high-performance liquid chromatography grade) were purchased from Acros, Branchburg, NJ, USA. Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP, 99% purity, C₂₈H₃₇ClO₇, MW = 521 g/mol) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry, Tokyo, Japan. Carbon dioxide (99.9% purity) and nitrogen (99.9% purity) were purchased from Yung-Ping Gas Co., Taipei, Taiwan. All chemicals were used without further purification. A Millipore Milli-Q water purification system was used to obtain deionized water with a resistivity of 18 MΩ·cm at 25 °C.