Chitosan, pepsin, potassium monophosphate monobasic, dialysis membrane, CuSO4, sulfuric acid, glacial acetic acid, and ethyl acetate were purchased from HiMedia, India. Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), pancreatin, 5-FU, orthophosphoric acid, glacial acetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and Rd were purchased from Merck (previously Sigma-Aldrich) in the United States. Formic acid, acetonitrile, and p-hydroxydiphenyl were purchased from Loba Chemie. All the reagents used were of analytical grade.
Formic acid
Manufactured by Loba Chemie
Sourced in India
Formic acid is a colorless, pungent-smelling liquid chemical compound. It is the simplest carboxylic acid, with the chemical formula HCOOH. Formic acid is used in various industrial and commercial applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetonitrile, by Loba Chemie (2 mentions)
Glibenclamide, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Milli qr gradient a10r, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Loba Chemie (2 mentions)
Toluene, by Loba Chemie (2 mentions)
Standard garcinol, by Cayman Chemical (2 mentions)
N hexane, by Loba Chemie (2 mentions)
Sinensetin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Rosmarinic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hplc grade acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trichloroacetic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Glacial acetic acid, by HiMedia (1 mentions)
Chitosan, by HiMedia (1 mentions)
Sulfuric acid, by HiMedia (1 mentions)
Cuso4, by HiMedia (1 mentions)
Dialysis membrane, by HiMedia (1 mentions)
Glacial acetic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
9 protocols using formic acid
1
Chitosan-based 5-FU Release Kinetics
2
Betanidin 5-Glucoside Quantification
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Acetonitrile, acetone, ethyl acetate, hexane, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, formic acid, and ammonium acetate were acquired from Loba Chemie, India. Betanidin 5-β-D-glucopyranoside standard with percent purity ≥ 95% was used (Wuhan ChemFaces Biochemical Co., Ltd, China). Sodium formate and 2, 2-difluoroethoxy phosphazene were used (Fisher Scientific, USA). Distilled and deionized water, as well as cleaned-up samples (before HPLC analysis), were filtered through a 25 mm and 0.45 mm nylon syringe filter (Millipore, USA). The analytical grade of each chemical or reagent purchased allowed for usage without further purification.
3
Standardized S. cumini Seed Extract
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A hydroalcoholic extract of seeds of S. cumini (Batch no. SC/11LOT001, Mfg. Aug 2013) was obtained from Natural Remedies (Bangaluru, India) as a gift sample in July 2014. Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were purchased from Merck Specialist Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India). Methanol (HPLC grade), acetic acid (HPLC grade) and maltose monohydrate were purchased from S.D. Fine-chem Ltd. (Mumbai, India). Gallic acid and formic acid were purchased from Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India). Ellagic acid was purchased from TCI Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. (Chennai, India).
Rat intestinal acetone powder, acarbose, ferulic acid, sinapic acid and kaempferol were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Bangaluru, India). Cinnamic acid was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Mumbai, India). Quercetin was purchased from Otto Chemie Pvt Ltd (Mumbai, India). Glucose level was estimated by using commercially available kit (Erba diagnostics Mannheim GmbH, Germany). Triple distilled water was produced in laboratory for preparation of all the solutions.
Rat intestinal acetone powder, acarbose, ferulic acid, sinapic acid and kaempferol were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Bangaluru, India). Cinnamic acid was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Mumbai, India). Quercetin was purchased from Otto Chemie Pvt Ltd (Mumbai, India). Glucose level was estimated by using commercially available kit (Erba diagnostics Mannheim GmbH, Germany). Triple distilled water was produced in laboratory for preparation of all the solutions.
4
Quantitative Analysis of Glibenclamide and Glimepiride
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Glibenclamide was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA). Glimepiride CRS was obtained as gift sample from SFDA (European Pharmacopeia Standard). HPLC grade methanol (Panreac) was purchased from Panreac Quimica (made in EU). Acetonitrile (HPLC gradient grade) PAI-ACS was purchased from Panreac Quimica. Formic acid was purchased from Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India). Ultrapure water was prepared by using Milli-QR Gradient A10R (Millipore, Molsheim Cedex, France). The Glibenclamide and glimepiride were analyzed using a Waters® Acquity H-Class UPLC®-tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer (TQD) (Waters, Milford, USA). The H-Class UPLC® system comprises Acquity sample manager and Acquity quaternary solvent manager. TQD was equipped with electrospray ionization (ESI) probe. System was controlled by MassLynx 4.1 Software. Data acquisition, processing, and reporting were carried out automatically by using application manager ‘QuanLynx' included with MassLynx 4.1 Software (Version 4.1, SCN 714). The mass tuning was assisted with IntelliStart®. Other instruments included rotary pump (Sogevac, France) for assisting vacuum and a nitrogen generator (Peak Scientific, Scotland) to supply desolvation gas. Argon gas of 99.999% purity was obtained from a local supplier.
5
Garcinia indica Fruit Extraction and Characterization
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Standard Garcinol was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company-USA. Methanol (HPLC grade) was purchased from SD Fine chemical Limited (Mumbai, India). N-hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate, formic acid, and other chemical were purchased from Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India). Thiobarbituric acid, trichloro acetic acid, 5,5′-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid), Hydrogen peroxide, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, Triton-X-100 and Nitrobluetetrazolium (NBT) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, MUMBAI. Simvastatin was received as a gift sample from Micro Labs Ltd., MUMBAI. High density cholesterol (HDL-C), Low density cholesterol (LDL-C), Triglyceride (TG) and Total Cholesterol (TC) estimation kits were purchased from ERBA Diagnostics Mannheim, MUMBAI. IL6 kit was purchased from Krishgen biosystems, MUMBAI. The fresh fruits of Garcinia indica were procured from Dr. Badhe Waadi, Phoolpada Road, Virar (East) located at 19.45 north latitude and 72.81 east longitude and were authenticated from Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India. A voucher specimen with identification number-15-147, has been deposited at the same institute. The plant name has been checked with http://www . theplantlist.org on 2nd November 2018.
6
Garcinol Extraction and Purification
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Standard garcinol was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company-USA. Methanol (HPLC grade) was purchased from SD Fine chemical Limited (Mumbai, India). N-hexane, toluene, ethyl acetate, formic acid, and other chemical were purchased from Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India).
7
Chemical Procurement for Formulation Research
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“Glibenclamide was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA)”. Poloxamer-407 was purchased from “Anatrace Products, LLC Maumee, Ohio, USA”. HPLC grade methanol and acetonitrile were procured from “Panreac Quimica (Barcelona, Espana)”. Formic acid was acquired from “Loba Chemie Pvt. Ltd. (Mumbai, India)”. “Purified water was arranged using Milli-QR Gradient A10R (“Millipore, Molsheim Cedex, France”).
8
Comparative Analysis of Phytochemicals in Ocimum aristatus Variants
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Rosmarinic acid and sinensetin were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile HPLC grade, and mEthanol HPLC grade were purchased from Merck ( Jakarta, Indonesia). Formic acid was purchased from Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India).
Instrumentation HPLC (Shimadzu Serial No L201354 Japan), ovens (Memert, Germany), rotary evaporators (Heidolp, Germany), balance sheet (Mettler Toledo, Hong Kong), analytical scales (Shimadzu, Japan).
Collection of plants O. aristatus (wild type), five months old, was collected from the medicinal plant garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani. The plants were taxonomically identified School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB). The purple and white-purple varieties of O. aristatus modified by in-vitro culture aged three months were obtained from the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Center for Research and Innovation ITB and then grown on the same land as the wild type until five months old. The research was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021.
Instrumentation HPLC (Shimadzu Serial No L201354 Japan), ovens (Memert, Germany), rotary evaporators (Heidolp, Germany), balance sheet (Mettler Toledo, Hong Kong), analytical scales (Shimadzu, Japan).
Collection of plants O. aristatus (wild type), five months old, was collected from the medicinal plant garden, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani. The plants were taxonomically identified School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB). The purple and white-purple varieties of O. aristatus modified by in-vitro culture aged three months were obtained from the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Center for Research and Innovation ITB and then grown on the same land as the wild type until five months old. The research was conducted from October 2020 to January 2021.
9
Murashige and Skoog Media Preparation
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Media Murashige and Skoogs (MS) was purchased from Phytotechlab (KS, US). 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetis acid (2,4-D), agar phytagel, rosmarinic acid, and sinensetin were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). NaOCl Bayclin was purchased from SC Johnson (Jakarta, Indonesia). tween 80 (Labchem). Ethanol, mEthanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, toluene, acetonitrile HPLC grade, and mEthanol HPLC grade were purchased from Merck (Jakarta, Indonesia). Formic acid was purchased from Loba Chemie (Mumbai, India).
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