To examine the differentiation and phenotypes of MSCs, the MSCs were seeded in the wells of 24-well plates at a concentration of 5×104 cells/well. Differentiation of MSCs into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages was assayed as reported previously [10 (link)]. Briefly, MSCs were harvested, digested with trypsin-EDTA, and stained with ALEXA-labeled anti-mouse CD105, phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-mouse CD90, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated anti-mouse CD45, and PE Cy-conjugated anti-mouse CD11b (Becton Dickinson) and analyzed on a BD FACS Calibur cytometer.
Facscalibur cytometer
The FACSCalibur cytometer is a flow cytometry instrument designed for multiparameter analysis of cell populations. It utilizes a dual-laser excitation system to detect and measure various cellular characteristics, including size, granularity, and fluorescence intensity.
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1 030 protocols using facscalibur cytometer
Quantifying MSC Differentiation and Phenotype
To examine the differentiation and phenotypes of MSCs, the MSCs were seeded in the wells of 24-well plates at a concentration of 5×104 cells/well. Differentiation of MSCs into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages was assayed as reported previously [10 (link)]. Briefly, MSCs were harvested, digested with trypsin-EDTA, and stained with ALEXA-labeled anti-mouse CD105, phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated anti-mouse CD90, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated anti-mouse CD45, and PE Cy-conjugated anti-mouse CD11b (Becton Dickinson) and analyzed on a BD FACS Calibur cytometer.
Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Analysis of CAP-Treated Glioblastoma Cells
Exendin-4 Modulates Mesenchymal Stem Cell Characteristics
The number of apoptotic cells was analyzed quantitatively using the Annexin V–FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (BD Biosciences, USA). After treatment, the cells were harvested, resuspended in 200 μl of binding buffer, and then incubated with 5 μl of Annexin V–FITC/binding buffer mixture (30 min, 37 °C) in the dark. Subsequently, the cells were incubated with 10 μl of propidium iodide for 5 min and immediately analyzed by bivariate flow cytometry using a BD FACSCalibur cytometer.
For the cell cycle analysis, MSC were treated with Ex-4 (0–20 nm/L) for 24 h. The cells were then resuspended in PBS and fixed with ice-cold 70% ethanol for 24 h. The fixed cells were rinsed and resuspended in 50 μg/ml propidium iodide for 30 min in the dark. Flow cytometric analyses were performed using a BD FACSCalibur cytometer.
Measuring Homologous Recombination Capacity
To evaluate the effects of DDR inhibitors on HR capacity, PDCs were transfected with pDR-GFP and selected with 1–10 μg/ml puromycin 48 h later. Post-selection, PDR-GFP stable lines were seeded in 6-well plates, allowed to attach overnight, and transfected with pCBASceI or pFUGW-RFP using lipofectamine LTX as above. Six hours post-transfection, media was replaced with media containing vehicle or inhibitors. Cells were incubated for an additional 72 h, collected and analyzed for GFP expression using a FACSCalibur cytometer with CellQuest Pro software (BD Biosciences).
Cell Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Analysis
Apoptotic and dead cells were stained with Annexin V-APC (Biolegend, 8 μg/ml) and propidium iodide (PI, Biolegend, 0.5 mg/ml) for 15 min at 4 °C and analyzed with FACSCalibur cytometer (BD Biosciences).
To analyze cell cycle and polyploidy, 200 000 cells were cultured with onvansertib or cisplatin for 24 h and conserved in ethanol 70% at -20 °C. They were incubated in PBS containing 3 μg/ml RNase A and 40 μg/ml PI for 30 min at 4 °C and analyzed with FACSCalibur cytometer (BD Biosciences).
Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Potential Assays
Mitochondrial membrane potential detection.
Cells were treated and harvested as mentioned above, and then resuspended in 1mL PBS and moved to 1.5 mL centrifuge tube. 10 μg/mL JC-1 (Sigma-Aldrich, T4069) was added and the cells were incubated for 30 min at 37°C without light. After the incubation period, the cells were washed twice with PBS to remove the unbinding JC-1 and then resuspended in 500 μL PBS. FACS Calibur cytometer (BD, San Jose, USA) was used to analyze the change of mitochondrial membrane potential.
Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Analysis in Cultured Cells
Apoptosis Quantification by Flow Cytometry
Phagocyte Oxidative Activity Quantification
Cell Cycle Analysis of Inducible Protein Expression
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