Spss for windows 11

Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS for Windows 11.5 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). Descriptive statistics were given as the mean ± SD [median (minimum-maximum)] for metric variables and frequency (percent) for categorical variables. Data from the questionnaires are expressed as the percent change [(postoperative months 15 to 18 – preoperative)/preoperative × 100]. To compare two (or more than two) independent groups in terms of metric variables, the Mann-Whitney U test (or Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance) was used. When the Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference between the groups, a multiple comparison test was used to determine which groups differed from each other. Bonferroni correction was used for multiple testing. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to evaluate within-group differences between ordinal variables. For categorical variables, independent groups were compared with the chi-squared test, and dependent groups were evaluated using the McNemar test. The degree of association between ordinal variables was evaluated by Spearman’s correlation coefficient. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS for Windows 11.5 software program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). For the quantitative variables, mean ± standard deviation and median (minimum-maximum) were used, and for the categorical variables, numbers (percentage) were used as descriptors in the study. The c² test was used to examine the relationship between the two categorical variables. The significance level was set at p = 0.05.

Collected data were analyzed in SPSS for Windows 11.5 package program. Mean and standard deviations were calculated for numerical variables while frequency and percentage were calculated for categorical variables.
Informed consent was obtained from each patient.

The analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS for Windows 11.5 software
program. Descriptive statistics for continuous variables were shown as mean
± standard deviation or median (minimum-maximum), and categorical
variables were shown as the number of cases (%). Fisher's exact test was used
for the comparison of two proportions. The chi-squared test was used in the
analysis of quantitative data. Results were accepted as statistically
significant for p < 0.05.

The sample size of the present study was calculated based on block success rate, and the previous study reported 77% for subsartorial approach.[9 (link)] We estimated the success rate of 98% for medial infracondylar approach as a priori clinical assumption, and to power of 80% and α = 0.05, a sample size of n = 38 per group was required.
The data obtained from this study were assessed using Mann–Whitney U-test to compare the two independent groups from the nonparametric tests and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Descriptive statistics were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation. SPSS for Windows 11.5 (SPSS Software ver. 10.0 for Windows, SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA) was used for the analyses. P ≤0.05 was considered significant.