Scl 10a system controller

To verify the identification of used herbs and reproducibility of YJT preparation, the fingerprinting was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) for YJT and its four reference compounds as follows: Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz var. purpurae Makino versus 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF), Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc versus loganin and morroniside, and Paeonia moutan Sims versus paeonol, which were followed by the our previous conditions [21 (link)]. Briefly, after the dissolution (20 mg of YJT and 2 mg of each of the six herbal extracts in 1 mL of water; 0.01 mg of 8 standards in 1 mL of water or 50% methanol) and filtration, these formulations were subjected to HPLC analysis of Agilent 1100 series (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA). The HPLC system consisted of a SCL-10A system controller, LC-10AD pump, SPD-10MVP diode array detector, and CTO-10AS column temperature controller (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). A Phenomenex Prodigy C18 (4.6 × 250 mm; particle size 5 μm; Phenomenex, Torrance, CA) column was eluted with solvents A (10% acetonitrile in water containing 0.1% formic acid) and B (DW) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Solutions of 15% A and 85% B were changed to 60% B for 30 min, 40% B for 40 min, and 0% B for 60 min (Figures 1(a)–1(c)).

The Shimadzu Vp liquid chromatographic system (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) equipped with LC 10AT pump, SPD 10A UV-Vis detector, SCL 10A system controller, CTO-10 AS chromatographic oven and Rheodyne injector valve with a 20 µL loop was applied in the HPLC measurements.

LC-MS/MS analysis was performed using an AB Sciex (Framingham, MA) API 4000 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with an electron ion spray interface and a Peak Scientific Ltd.(Scotland, UK), model NM20ZA, gas generator. The HPLC system consisted of a Shimadzu (Kyoto, Japan) SCL-10A system controller, two Shimadzu SC-10AD pumps, one Shimadzu DGU-14A degasser and an Agilent (Santa Clara, CA) 1200 series autosampler and column heater. A Beckman Coulter (Indianapolis, IN) model Allegra X-12R refrigerated centrifuge, a Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA) Savant SpeedVac System SPD2010, and a Thermo Fisher Precision oscillating water bath were used during the sample preparation.

Measure of molecular weight fractionation, similar to the procedure described by Hu et al. [22 ], was conducted using an HPLC system consisting of a LC-10AD pump (Shimadzu), an SPD-20A UV detector (Shimadzu), a SCL-10A system controller (Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan) and a G2500PWXL column (TSK). The mobile phase was 0.05 mol/L sodium sulfate with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Polystyrene sulphonates (PSS) standards of MW 14, 7.5, 4, 1.5, 0.7, 0.5, and 0.2 kDa were used to calibrate the system. The MW distribution results were analyzed based on the response (volt) data over the elapsed time.
After the samples were filtered through 0.45 μm membranes, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was analyzed with a TOC analyzer (Shimadzu TOC-Vcpn). UV absorbance at 254 was measured using a UV spectrophotometer (HACH DR5000). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging was conducted in ESEM (PHILIPS XL30, Amsterdam, The Netherlands).

The plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentration was determined by ELISA (AssayMax^® Rat BNP‐32 ELISA kit; Assaypro LLC, St Charles, MO, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The serum total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were also determined by ELISA (WAKO Co., Tokyo, Japan) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The plasma LOS concentration and that of its metabolite, Exp‐3174, were analyzed by BML Laboratory (Tokyo, Japan) by means of HPLC. The sample was mixed with the mobile phase and 0.1 mol·L⁻¹ TFA/acetonitrile (90/10, v/v), and 0.1 mL of this solution was analyzed on an SCL‐10A System Controller (Shimadzu Co., Kyoto, Japan) equipped with an SPD‐10A fluorescence detector (Shimadzu Co.). Chromatographic separation was carried out with a Capcell Pak C8 column and C18 column. LOS and Exp‐3174 were detected by fluorescence at excitation and emission wavelengths of 230 and 254 nm, respectively.

Photosynthetic pigments were quantified using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography by a LC-10AD with a SCL-10A system controller (Shimadzu Co., Ltd., Kyoto, Japan) and equipped with a Prodegy 5 column (ODS, 150 × 4.60 mm) supplied by Phenomenex Inc., (Torrance, CA, USA), as described previously [50 (link)], after extraction in N,N-dimethylformamide [35 (link), 91 (link)]. Standard pigments were purchased from VKI Water Quality Institute (Hoersholm, Denmark). Chl a concentrations were determined as described by Porra et al. [92 (link)], using methanol as the solvent.