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Goat polyclonal antibodies

Manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Sourced in United States

Goat polyclonal antibodies are a type of laboratory reagent produced by Santa Cruz Biotechnology. They are a collection of antibodies derived from goats that recognize and bind to multiple epitopes of a target antigen. Polyclonal antibodies can be used in various immunoassays and research applications.

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6 protocols using goat polyclonal antibodies

1

Western Blot Analysis of Autophagy Proteins

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The samples from cells or tissues were lysed and quantified. Twenty micrograms of protein from murine lung tissue or MH-S cells were mixed with an equal volume of 2×SDS sample buffer, boiled for 5 min and then separated by 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). After electrophoresis, proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Membranes were incubated with primary antibodies against FIP200, LC3, Beclin1, RAGE, ULK1, Histone, TLR4 and GAPDH (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). The antibodies against Atg13 and HMGB1 were from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Western blotting rabbit polyclonal antibodies, mouse polyclonal antibodies and goat polyclonal antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Signals were visualized using an enhanced chemiluminescence detection kit (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). The protein signal was quantified by scanning densitometry using Quantity one imaging analysis (Bio-Rad).
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Autophagy Proteins

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The samples from cells or tissues were lysed and quantified. Twenty micrograms of protein from murine lung tissue or MH-S cells were mixed with an equal volume of 2×SDS sample buffer, boiled for 5 min and then separated by 10% SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). After electrophoresis, proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Membranes were incubated with primary antibodies against FIP200, LC3, Beclin1, RAGE, ULK1, Histone, TLR4 and GAPDH (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). The antibodies against Atg13 and HMGB1 were from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Western blotting rabbit polyclonal antibodies, mouse polyclonal antibodies and goat polyclonal antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Signals were visualized using an enhanced chemiluminescence detection kit (Santa Cruz Biotechnology). The protein signal was quantified by scanning densitometry using Quantity one imaging analysis (Bio-Rad).
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3

Kir6.1 Protein Expression Analysis

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To measure protein expression of Kir6.1, frozen tissue from the AAR was thawed, finely minced and homogenized. The tissue homogenate was boiled in NuPAGE LDS sample buffer (Invitrogen) for 10 min. Protein homogenates were subjected to electrophoresis on NuPAGE Novex 4–12% Bis-Tris gels (Invitrogen) and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes (Amersham Biosciences). After blocking with 5% non-fat milk in Tween-20- and Tris-buffered saline (TTBS) for 1 h at room temperature, the membranes were incubated with goat polyclonal antibodies against Kir6.1 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (1∶1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology). After incubation, the membranes were washed with TTBS and exposed to the antibodies conjugated with horseradish peroxidase for 1 h at room temperature. Proteins were detected using chemiluminescence Western immunoblotting detection reagents (Amersham Biosciences). Densitometric analyses of the immunoblots were performed using an Alpha Imager 3300 system (Alpha Innotech, San Leandro, CA).
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4

Antibody Generation and Immunofluorescence Assay

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A LIMP-2 sheep polyclonal antibody was generated against the peptide sequence CKKLDDFVETGDIRTMVFP (Mimotopes Pty. Ltd., VIC, Australia). Rabbit polyclonal antibodies (Abcam PLC, Cambridge United Kingdom) were against Appl1 (0.4 μg/mL), Appl2 (0.4 μg/mL), Rab4 (1 μg/mL), TGN46 (10 μg/mL), TfR1 (1 μg/mL), TfR2 (1 μg/mL). Akt (1/1000) and phospho-Akt (Thr308 1/1000) from Cell Signalling Technology Inc., MA, USA, and HRP-conjugated anti-GAPDH (1/20000 Sigma Aldrich Pty. Ltd., NSW, Australia). Goat polyclonal antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, CA, USA) were against Rab5 (1 μg/mL), Rab7 (1 μg/mL) and EEA1 (1 μg/mL). A LAMP-1 (1 μg/mL) mouse monoclonal BB6 was provided by Professor Sven Carlsson (Umea University, Sweden). HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies for Western blot analysis included anti-goat/sheep (1/2000, Merck Millipore Pty. Ltd., VIC, Australia), anti-rabbit (1/2000) and anti-mouse (1/2000) (Sigma Aldrich). The secondary and other antibody conjugated fluorophores that were used included Alexa Fluor® 488 (1/250), Alexa Fluor® 633 (1/250), Transferrin-633 (1/1000), Phalloidin-488 (1/100), and LysoTracker® (5 μM); all from Life Technologies Pty. Ltd., VIC, Australia.
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5

Osteoblast Differentiation Assay Protocol

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Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kits, silver nitrate, Alizarin red S, methyl green, toluidine blue, calcein, β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid, and anti-Flag monoclonal antibody were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). ECL western blotting detection reagents and Protein A Sepharose were provided by GE Healthcare (Bucks, UK). Polyclonal antibodies of Osterix (Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and Myc (Abcam), mouse monoclonal antibody for Myc (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) were purchased. Other antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA), including rabbit polyclonal antibodies for Cbfβ, Runx2, and Osteocalcin, goat polyclonal antibodies for Lamin B1, goat anti-mouse or rabbit IgG and donkey anti-goat IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and mouse or rabbit normal IgG.
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6

Evaluating Angiogenic Factors in Vitro

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Chrysin was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical (St. Louis, MO, USA). Rabbit polyclonal antibodies of collagen type IV, membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2), and goat polyclonal antibodies of Zona occluden (ZO)-1 and platelet endothelial adhesion molecule (PECAM)-1, were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Rabbit polyclonal CTGF antibody was provided from Peprotech (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA). Goat polyclonal VEGF antibody was obtained from R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA), and rabbit monoclonal VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) antibody was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, CA, USA). Rabbit polyclonal vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) antibody was supplied by Abcam Biochemicals (Cambridge, UK). Mouse monoclonal β-actin antibody was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG), goat anti-mouse and donkey anti-goat IgG were purchased from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories (West Grove, PA, USA).
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