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5 5 dimethyl 1 pyrroline n oxide dmpo

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5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) is a chemical compound used as a spin trap in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. It is a stable free radical that can react with other free radicals, forming a more stable spin-adduct that can be detected and analyzed using EPR techniques.

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Lab products found in correlation

Methanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions) 2 2 6 6 tetramethyl 4 piperidone temp, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Hoechst 33342, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Hplc grade acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Sodium azide nan3, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Rose bengal rb, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Furfuryl alcohol ffa, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Fe3o4, by Maclin Biochemical Technology (1 mentions) Direct q3 uv system, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Phenol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dimethylformamide dmf, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Diethylene glycol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) N acetyl l cysteine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ho 1 antibody, by Cell Signaling Technology (1 mentions) Small airway basal medium sabm, by Lonza (1 mentions) Milli q water system, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hexabrominated diphenyl ether, by AccuStandard (1 mentions) Sodium periodate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Chloroplatinic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (33 citations) 5,5-dimethyl-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) (5 citations) 5,5-dimethyl-pyrroline-N-oxide (3 citations) 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline (3 citations) 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide (2 citations) 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N oxide (DMPO), 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), (2 citations)

44 protocols using 5 5 dimethyl 1 pyrroline n oxide dmpo

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Nanometal Oxides

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All chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade and used without further purification. PMS (2KHSO5·KHSO4·K2SO4, 4.5% active oxygen) was purchased from Beijing J&K Co., Ltd. Nanoscale oxides of Mn3O4, Fe3O4, ZnO, and Co3O4 and Zn(C5H7O2)2, Fe(C5H7O2)3, and Mn(C5H7O2)3 chemicals were obtained from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. Mobile phase (gradient-grade methanol and acetonitrile) and spin trapping reagents (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide [DMPO] and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone [TEMP]) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Other chemicals and materials were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.
Guo Z.Y., Si Y., Xia W.Q., Wang F., Liu H.Q., Yang C., Zhang W.J, & Li W.W. (2022). Electron delocalization triggers nonradical Fenton-like catalysis over spinel oxides. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(31), e2201607119.
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2

Synthesis of N-doped Graphene-ZnO Composite

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Materials and reagents used for the preparation of N-doped graphene-ZnO were: N-doped graphene obtained by electrochemical exfoliation, zinc acetate (Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O) (Alpha Aesar Thermo Fisher (Kandel) GmbH, Kandel, Germany), diethylene glycol (DEG), C4H10O3 (Sigma-Aldrich, Merck, KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), and absolute ethanol (C2H5OH-EtOH) (Sigma-Aldrich, Merck, KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). All chemicals were of analytical grade and used without further purification. The aqueous solutions were prepared with Milli-Q water obtained from Direct-Q 3UV system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO; >99.9%) was purchased from VWR Chemicals and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO; >97%), dimethylformamide (DMF), and phenol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Merck, KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
Pogacean F., Ştefan M., Toloman D., Popa A., Leostean C., Turza A., Coros M., Pana O, & Pruneanu S. (2020). Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Properties of NGr-ZnO Hybrid Materials. Nanomaterials, 10(8), 1473.
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3

EPR Analysis of Oxidized Myoglobin

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Standard X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra were obtained at 22 °C with a Bruker EMX Benchtop spectrometer (Bruker Pty Ltd, Preston, Victoria, Australia) as described previously [22 (link)]. Separate solutions of native or HOCl-oxidized hhMb (0.5 mM) were treated with H2O2 (ratio H2O2:hhMb ∼5 mol/mol) in the presence or absence of activated charcoal-purified spin trap [23 (link)] 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO; Sigma-Aldrich, Sydney Australia; final concentration 5 mM). Next, a sample of the reaction mixture (250 μL) was removed and rapidly transferred into a standard quartz flat cell (Wilmad, Buena, NJ, USA) for EPR analyses at 22 °C. The limit of detection of a stable nitroxide (TEMPO) measured under identical conditions was determined to be ∼50 nM. EPR spectra were obtained as an average of five cumulative scans with a modulation frequency of 100 kHz and a sweep time of 84 s. Microwave power and modulation amplitude used for each analysis varied appropriately as indicated in the figure legends. The metal chelator diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA, final concentration 100 μM) was included in reaction mixtures to minimize the possibility of peroxide decomposition by Fenton-type chemistry.
Ahmad G., Chami B., El Kazzi M., Wang X., Moreira M.T., Hamilton N., Maw A.M., Hambly T.W, & Witting P.K. (2019). Catalase-Like Antioxidant Activity is Unaltered in Hypochlorous Acid Oxidized Horse Heart Myoglobin. Antioxidants, 8(9), 414.
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4

Antioxidant Activity Evaluation Protocol

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RA (purity 100%) and CAT antibody were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), Hoechst 33342, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), and actin antibody were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Corporation (St. Louis, MO, USA). SOD antibody was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA), and HO-1 antibody was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade.
Fernando P.M., Piao M.J., Kang K.A., Ryu Y.S., Hewage S.R., Chae S.W, & Hyun J.W. (2016). Rosmarinic Acid Attenuates Cell Damage against UVB Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress via Enhancing Antioxidant Effects in Human HaCaT Cells. Biomolecules & Therapeutics, 24(1), 75-84.
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5

Comprehensive e-Cigarette Emissions Analysis

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For ROS characterization: Generated e-cig emissions were bubbled through fritted head impingers (porosity A (145–174 μm) tip; Ace glass Inc., NJ) containing trapping regents corresponding to the analytical methods (Figure 1). For Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) method (LC-ESI-MS/MS), 10 mL of 100 μM trolox in 1 mM phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4) was used. For ESR analysis, a 5 mL vial was placed inside the impinger containing 1.7mL of 500 mM 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO; Sigma Aldrich, MO). The samples were immediately frozen post-sampling until analysis. For the two cellular assays (DHE and MTS), 20 mL of small airway basal medium (SABM, Lonza Inc., Allendale, NJ) was used. The samples were stored at 4 °C until cell exposure experiments. The sampling duration was 30 minutes.
Blanks were collected in a similar fashion by bubbling only pretreated room air (cleaned through charcoal and high-efficiency particulate filters) through the impinger for 30 minutes containing the same trapping reagents as above.
For nicotine characterization: Nicotine was measured in the SABM sample as a way to normalize the dose. The medium was refrigerated to −80 °C prior to analysis.
Zhao J., Zhang Y., Sisler J.D., Shaffer J., Leonard S.S., Morris A.M., Qian Y., Bello D, & Demokritou P. (2017). Assessment of reactive oxygen species generated by electronic cigarettes using acellular and cellular approaches. Journal of hazardous materials, 344, 549-557.
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6

Reagents for Environmental Analysis

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The following reagents were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China) and used without further purification: tetrachloroethene (PCE, C2Cl4, >99.0%), carbon tetrachloride (CT, CCl4, >99.5%), isopropyl alcohol ((CH3)CHOH, >99.5%), nitrobenzene (NB, C6H5NO2, >99.0%), chloroform (CHCl3, >99.0%), ferric sulfate (Fe2(SO4)3, >99.0%), hexane (C6H14, >97%), citric acid monohydrate (CIT, C6H8O7•H2O, >99.0%), oxalic acid (OA, C2H2O4•2H2O, >99.0%), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, C10H16N2O8, >99.0%), glutamic acid (Glu, C5H9NO4, 99.0%). SPC (Na2CO3•1.5H2O2, >98%) was purchased from Acros Organics (Shanghai, China). 5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) was purchased from Sigma (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water from a Milli-Q water process (Classic DI, ELGA, Marlow, U.K.) was used for the preparation of aqueous solutions.
Miao Z., Gu X., Lu S., Brusseau M.L., Zhang X., Fu X., Danish M., Qiu Z, & Sui Q. (2015). Enhancement effects of chelating agents on the degradation of tetrachloroethene in Fe(III) catalyzed percarbonate system. Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996), 281, 286-294.
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7

Photochemical Characterization of PBDE Congeners

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The following each single PBDE congener (at 50 μg mL-1 in isooctane) was purchased from Accustandard (New Haven, CT, USA): 2,4,4/-tribrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-28), 2,2/,4,4/-tetrabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-47), 2,2/,4,4/,5-pentabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-99), 2,2/,4,4/,5,5/-hexabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-153), 2,2/,4,4/,5,6/- hexabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-154), and 2,2/,3,4,4/,5,6-heptabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-183). Sodium azide (NaN3, 99.5%), Rose Bengal (RB, 93%) and furfuryl alcohol (FFA, 98%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Pyridine, p-nitroanisole (PNA) and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) were obtained from Aladdin. 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone (TEMP, 95%, Sigma Aldrich) and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO, 97%, Sigma Aldrich) were stored at -20°C and used as the spin traps for 1O2 and ·OH/O2·, respectively. HPLC-grade acetonitrile and methanol were obtained from Merck Company (Darmstadt, Germany). All other chemical reagents were of analytical grade. Ultrapure water (18 MΩ) was obtained from a Millipore Milli-Q water system.
Wang M., Wang H., Zhang R., Ma M., Mei K., Fang F, & Wang X. (2015). Photolysis of Low-Brominated Diphenyl Ethers and Their Reactive Oxygen Species-Related Reaction Mechanisms in an Aqueous System. PLoS ONE, 10(8), e0135400.
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8

Photocatalytic Materials Synthesis

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The chemicals used in this study are as follows: Tungsten oxide (WO3, nanopowder, Sigma-Aldrich), titanium dioxide (TiO2, P25, nanopowder, Evonik), bismuth vanadate (BiVO4, nanopowder, Alfa Aesar), PA (HIO4·2H2O, ≥99.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), iodic acid (HIO3, ≥99.5%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium periodate (NaIO4, ≥99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium iodate (NaIO3, 99%, Sigma-Aldrich), sodium iodide (NaI, ≥99.0%, Sigma-Aldrich), chloroplatinic acid (H2PtCl6·xH2O, ≥99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich), MeOH (CH3OH, 99.9%, Samchun Chemicals), IPA ((CH3)2CHOH, 99.5%, Sigma-Aldrich), AT (CH3COCH3, 99.98%, Burdick Jackson), DCM (CH2Cl2, ≥99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich), C5 (CH3(CH2)3CH3, ≥99.0, Sigma-Aldrich), ClC3 (CH3CH2CH2Cl, 99%, Alfa Aesar), 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO, ≥ 98.0, Sigma-Aldrich). Tol (300 ppmv, N2 balance), AA (1000 ppmv, N2 balance), FA (100 ppmv, N2 balance), high-purity synthetic air (79% N2/21% O2) were purchased from Deokyang Company. All chemicals were of reagent grade and used as received without further purification. Ultrapure deionized water (18 MΩ cm) prepared using a Millipore system was used.
He F., Weon S., Jeon W., Chung M.W, & Choi W. (2021). Self-wetting triphase photocatalysis for effective and selective removal of hydrophilic volatile organic compounds in air. Nature Communications, 12, 6259.
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9

Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Compounds

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Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O), dimethyl sulfoxide, TMB (≥99%), ABTS (98%), OPD (98%), ferric oxide (Fe2O3), iron acetylacetonate [Fe(acac)3], oleic acid (OA), dibenzyl ether, lithium hydroxide (LiOH·H2O), ferric phosphate (FePO4), rhodamine B, terephthalic acid (TA), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), and sodium acetate (CH3COONa) were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China). Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 36.0–38.0%), nitric acid (HNO3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4, 85% wt), acetic acid (CH3COOH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%), ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol (EG), and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Ferrous phosphate [Fe3(PO4)2] was purchased from Shanghai Maclin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) was purchased from Shanghai Xushuo Biological Technology Co., Ltd. All chemicals were used as received without further purification. Deionized water was used throughout the experiments.
Dong H., Du W., Dong J., Che R., Kong F., Cheng W., Ma M., Gu N, & Zhang Y. (2022). Depletable peroxidase-like activity of Fe3O4 nanozymes accompanied with separate migration of electrons and iron ions. Nature Communications, 13, 5365.
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10

Purpurogallin Assay for Oxidative Stress

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Purpurogallin (PG), Diesel particulate matter NIST SRM 1650b (PM2.5), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA), Primary antibodies anti-caspase-3, anti-caspase-9, 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO), Hoechst 33342, caspase inhibitor (Z-VAD-FMK), and p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP) was purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA). 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethylbe nzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) was provided by Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). SP600125 and U0126 were purchased from Tocris (Bristol, UK) and Calbiochem (La Jolla, CA, USA), respectively. Primary antibodies anti-Bax, anti-Bcl-2, anti-p38, and anti-PARP were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc (Dallas, TX, USA). Primary antibodies anti-ERK and anti-JNK were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Anti-IgG secondary antibodies were purchased from Pierce (Rockford, IL, USA). All other chemicals and reagents were of analytical grade.
Zhen A.X., Piao M.J., Hyun Y.J., Kang K.A., Ryu Y.S., Cho S.J., Kang H.K., Koh Y.S., Ahn M.J., Kim T.H, & Hyun J.W. (2018). Purpurogallin Protects Keratinocytes from Damage and Apoptosis Induced by Ultraviolet B Radiation and Particulate Matter 2.5. Biomolecules & Therapeutics, 27(4), 395-403.
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