Twelve batches of Ganoderma lucidum (numbered S1 to S12) fruit bodies were collected from different places in China, including S1~S9 from Shouxiangu, Zhejiang Province, S10 from Huangshan, Anhui Province, and S11~S12 from Longquan, Zhejiang Province. The sample information is listed in Table 1 . Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP), monosaccharide standards (rhamnose, glucosamine, glucose, mannose, galactose, fucose, arabinose, fructose, xylose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and polymyxin B were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Oligosaccharide standards including laminaribiose, laminaritriose, laminaritetraose, laminaripentaose, and laminarihexaose were purchased from Megazyme (Wicklow, Ireland). Pullulan standards P-5 (Mw = 6300 g/mol) and P-10 (Mw = 9800 g/mol) were purchased from Shodex (Tokyo, Japan). The RAW264.7 cell line was purchased from the Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. DMEM medium and fetal calf serum were bought from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). The mouse TNF-α ELISA kit was bought from Beijing 4A Biotech Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). All other reagents were analytical grade and produced in China.
Laminaribiose
Manufactured by Megazyme
Sourced in Ireland
Laminaribiose is a disaccharide composed of two glucose units linked by a β-1,3 glycosidic bond. It is an important component of the cell walls of many marine organisms, particularly brown algae. Laminaribiose serves as a substrate for various enzymes involved in the metabolism and degradation of laminarin, a complex polysaccharide found in these organisms.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Laminaripentaose, by Megazyme (4 mentions)
Laminaritriose, by Megazyme (4 mentions)
Laminaritetraose, by Megazyme (3 mentions)
Sophorose, by Megazyme (3 mentions)
Cellotriose, by Megazyme (3 mentions)
Cellotetraose, by Megazyme (2 mentions)
1 4 β d galactobiose, by Megazyme (2 mentions)
Dithiothreitol (dtt), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Laminarin from laminaria digitata, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gentiobiose, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Lichenan, by Megazyme (2 mentions)
Gentiobiose, by Megazyme (2 mentions)
Laminarin, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Barley β glucan, by Megazyme (2 mentions)
Laminarihexaose, by Megazyme (1 mentions)
Fetal calf serum (fcs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dmem medium, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Polymyxin b, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lipopolysaccharide lps, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Raw264.7 cell line, by National Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (1 mentions)
12 protocols using laminaribiose
1
Ganoderma lucidum Fruit Body Analysis
2
Carbohydrate Compounds from Tamarind and Gentiobiose
3
Preparation and Characterization of Oligosaccharides
4
Comprehensive Carbohydrate Compound Sourcing
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Buffers were prepared or diluted with ddH2O, if not otherwise indicated. d (+)-galactose was purchased from AppliChem GmbH (Darmstadt, Germany). α-d -(+)-glucose, d- (+)-melibiose monohydrate, N-acetylneuraminic acid, β-d -gentiobiose, and lactose were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH + Co. KG (Karlsruhe, Germany). N,N′-diacetylchitobiose was purchased from Carbosynth Limited (Berkshire, UK). d -sorbitol, d -(+)-xylose, l -rhamnose monohydrate, and N-acetyl-d -galactosamine were purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). 1,4-β-d -galactobiose, galactan, and laminaribiose were purchased from Megazyme (Bray, Ireland). Sucrose and dithiothreitol (DTT) were purchased from Fisher Chemical (Schwerte, Germany). d -(+)-maltose monohydrate was purchased from TCI Deutschland GmbH (Eschborn, Germany). d -(+)-mannose was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific GmbH.—Acros Organics (Schwerte, Germany). N-acetyl-β-d -glucosamin was purchased from GLYCON Biochemicals GmbH (Luckenwalde, Germany). 2α-mannobiose was purchased from Dextra Laboratories Ltd. (Reading, UK).
5
Glycosidic Substrate Preparation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Laminaribiose, cello-, xylo- and acetyl-chitooligosaccharides were obtained from Megazyme (Wicklow, Ireland). Sodium acetate, laminarin from Laminaria digitata, xylan from birch wood, para-nitrophenol and all para-nitrophenyl-β-d -glycosides were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, Mo). All other chemicals were of molecular biology or analytical grades and purchsed from VWR International (Stockholm, Sweden).
6
Structural Characterization of Polysaccharides
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Gentiobiose, low melting point agarose, and laminarin from Laminaria digitata were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Germany). Curdlan from Alcaligenes faecalis, lichenan (also known as lichenin) from Icelandic moss, yeast β- glucan, laminaribiose and laminaripentaose were purchased from Megazyme, Ireland. Pustulan from Lasallia pustulata, and porphyran from Porphyra were purchased from Elicityl, France and Carbosynth, United Kingdom, respectively. Used bacterial strains were purchased from the Japan Culture Collection, Riken, Japan.1 (link)H NMR, DEPT135, and 2D NMR (COSY and HSQC) analyses were recorded at the Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
7
Crystallization Screening of OsJAC1 Domains
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
OsJAC1 and its two individual domains were prepared as previously described in Huwa et al. (2021) [25 (link)]. The initial crystallization screening conditions of the two domains that led to successful crystallizations, are listed in Table 1 . All solutions were prepared or diluted with ddH2O. Laminaribiose and 1,4-β-d -galactobiose were purchased from Megazyme (Bray, Ireland). Dithiothreitol (DTT) was purchased from Fisher Chemical (Schwerte, Germany). Rabbit blood in Alsever’s solution was purchased from Fiebig-Nährstofftechnik GbR (Idstein-Niederauroff, Germany). Screening sets for protein crystallization were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and Qiagen (Hilden, Germany).
8
Detailed Carbohydrate Substrate Preparation
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
All buffering chemicals and substrates including glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, cellobiose, lactose, mannobiose, β-(1 → 4)-D-galactobiose, isomaltose and maltose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). The other substrates including cellotriose, cellotetraose, xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose, 32-α-l -arabinofuranosyl-xylobiose (A3X), 23-α-l -arabinofuranosyl-xylotriose (A2XX), 22-(4-O-methyl-α-d -glucuronyl)-xylobiose (U4m2X), 23-(4-O-methyl-α-d -glucuronyl)-xylotriose (U4m2XX), chitosanbiose, 32-β-d -glucosyl-cellobiose, β-(1 → 4)-D-glucosyl-D-mannose, gentiobiose, kojibiose, sophorose, laminaribiose, and nigerose were purchased from Megazyme (Ireland). The laccase from T. versicolor (38429, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) was used in oxidation reactions to recycle the electron acceptor, 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ, PHR1028, Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). Methylated cellobiose and lactose was produced in house (details in Additional File 2 ).
9
Characterization of Carbohydrate Standards
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Lichenan from Icelandic moss, barley β-glucan, laminaribiose, laminaritriose, laminaritetraose, laminaripentaose, cellotriose, cellobiosyl-β-D-1,3-glucose (G4G3G) were purchased from Megazyme, Ireland. Gentiobiose and laminarin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. All NMR analyses were performed at Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. All kinetic parameters were performed with GraphPad Prism.
10
Polysaccharide Sources for Protein Binding
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Most polysaccharides used in protein binding assays were obtained from commercial suppliers. Chitosan, α-chitin, and β-chitin were obtained from Maharani Chitosan PTV, Ltd. (Gujarat, India), while scleroglucan and pustulan were purchased from Carbosynth, UK. Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel), starch, laminarin, and birchwood xylan were from Sigma Aldrich, Germany. Barley β-glucan, oat spelt xylan, ivory nut mannan, curdlan, and lichenan were purchased from Megazyme, Ireland. Glucose was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The disaccharides cellobiose, gentiobiose, laminaribiose, and sophorose were all purchased from Megazyme. Sophoropentaose and linear β-1,2-glucans were prepared in-house using 1,2-β-oligoglucan phosphorylase and β-1,2-glucanase as described previously58 (link)–60 (link). The weight and number averaged molecular weights of linear β-1,2-glucans are 7600 and 6200, respectively. The cyclic β-1,2-glucans were a gift from Mie University, Japan and comprised 17–24 Glucose units.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!