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5 protocols using cytofix cytoperm fixation kit

1

Latently Infected Cell Activation Assay

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J-Lat 9.2 or 10.6 cells were seeded in 96 well plates at 200,000 cells/well and co-treated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine (10 ng/mL TNFα) or an LRA (10 μM prostratin, 0.1 μM panobinostat, 10 μM JQ1, or 10 mM HMBA) in the presence of test agents at defined concentrations or 0.1% DMSO vehicle control for 24 hours. Cells were then examined for GFP expression by flow cytometry. In a subset of experiments, cells were fixed and permeabilized using the Cytofix/Cytoperm fixation kit (BD Biosciences; Mississauga, ON, Canada), stained for intracellular p24Gag (KC57-RD1 antibody, Beckman Coulter; Mississauga, ON, Canada), and examined for p24Gag expression by flow cytometry.
OM-10.1 cells were seeded as above and cotreated with 1 ng/mL TNFα and test agents or 0.1% DMSO control for 24 hours. Cells were fixed, permeabilized, stained for p24Gag as above, and examined for p24Gag expression by flow cytometry.
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2

Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Monocytes

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OCLs and pre-OCLs induced from peripheral monocytes were stimulated using 1 ng ml−1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 5 μg ml−1 anti-RANKL Ab (R&D Systems) or 5 μg ml−1 anti-Mouse IgG2B κ isotype control Ab (BD BioSciences, San Diego, CA, USA), with GolgiStop protein transport inhibitor (BD BioSciences), and incubated for 5 h at 37°C. Cells were then stained for 15 min at 4°C with fluorescent antibody RANK-Alexa Fluor (AF)-488 (Novus, Littleton, CO, USA). Next, cells were fixed for 30 min at 26°C using Cytofix/Cytoperm™ fixation kit (BD) and stained for 30 min at 4°C with fluorescent antibodies: IL-8-PE (BioLegend), PE Mouse IgG2b κ isotype control (BD BioSciences) and cathepsin K-PE (Abcam, Tokyo, Japan). Cell nuclei were stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (Sigma-Aldrich). Finally, cells were photographed using a BZ-X710-All-in-One Fluorescence Microscope (Keyence, Osaka, Japan).
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3

Single-cell immunophenotyping protocol

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Single-cell suspensions were stained for 30 minutes at 4°C with different combinations of antibodies listed in the key resources table. Homemade 1G12 antibodies were used to stain for the 3A9 TCR.23 (link),66 (link) Biotin-labelled antibodies were revealed with fluorescently-coupled streptavidin. Dead cells were stained using LIVE/DEADTM Fixable Yellow Dead Cell Stain Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific). For caspase staining, cells were treated with Cytofix/Cytoperm Fixation kit (BD Biosciences) as directed by the manufacturer. The FOXP3 Transcription Factor Staining Buffer Set (eBioscience) was used for transcription factor staining as directed by the manufacturer. Data were collected on an LSRFortessaX20 (BD) and analyzed with FlowJo software (BD Biosciences). B cells were gated as CD19+B220+ cells. TECs, cDC1, cDC2 and pDC were gated as EpCAM+CD45-, CD11chiCD8α+CD11b-, CD11chiCD8-CD11b+, and CD11clowB220+, respectively. CD4SP, CD8SP and post-selection DP were gated as TCRβ+CD5+CD4+CD8-, TCRβ+CD5+CD4-CD8+, and TCβ+CD5+CD4+CD8+, respectively.
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4

Characterizing CAR T Cell Phenotype

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Mouse anti-human antibodies to CD3 (OKT3), CD4 (OKT4; RPA-T4), CD8 (RPA-T8), CD45RA (HI100), CD27 (M-T271), IFN-gamma (4S.B3), IL-2 (MQ1-17H12), TNF-alpha (MAb11), IL-17A (BL168), CD69 (FN50), PD-1 (EH12.2H7), and TIM-3 (F38-2E2) (Biolegend) were used to evaluate T cell phenotype. Recombinant human GPC3 protein was conjugated to AlexaFluor 647 using NHS ester chemistry and used to detect CAR+ T cells. For all flow cytometry experiments, dead cells were excluded with Fixable Viability Dye eFluor 780 (Fisher Scientific, Cat# 50-169-66). For ex vivo phenotypic studies, rat anti-mouse antibodies to CD45 (30-F11) and CD11b (M1/70) (Biolegend) were used to exclude murine cells from analysis.
To evaluate intracellular cytokine production, CAR T cells were incubated with GPC3+ HepG2 target cells at a 1:1 effector-to-target cell ratio in the presence of brefeldin A (5 μg/mL) and monensin (2 μM) protein transport inhibitors. The co-cultures were incubated for 6 hours at 37°C and 5% CO2 prior to cell staining using the Cytofix/Cytoperm Fixation Kit (BD Biosciences, Cat# 554715/555028).
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5

Intracellular Cytokine Profiling of NK Cells

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NK cells were subjected to intracellular cytokine-staining assay following 1 h incubation with monensin (2 mM, BD) or to evaluate the production of IFNγ, after an overnight stimulation with PMA (10 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich, Milan, Italy) and Ionomycin (500 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich) plus monensin (2 mM, BD). Briefly, following staining with anti-human mAbs CD3-PerCP, CD56-APC, and CD16-FITC (Miltenyi Biotec), cells were permeabilized and fixed using the Cytofix/Cytoperm fixation kit (BD), according to the manufacturer's instructions and finally stained with different anticytokine PE-conjugated mAbs (VEGF, SDF-1, perforin, osteopontin, IL-8, or IFNγ, all from Miltenyi Biotec).
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