The infrared spectrum of the Zihua snap bean lectin was obtained with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) within the wave number range of 400 to 4000 cm−1. First, 2 mg of the tested lectin lyophilized powder were ground together with 20.0 mg of spectroscopic grade KBr powder and pressed into a 1-mm pellet. The experiment was repeated three times. The spectra was processed using Peakfit v4.12 software (SeaSolve, San Jose, CA, USA).
Fourier transform infrared spectrometer
Manufactured by Shimadzu
Sourced in Japan
The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer is a laboratory instrument that measures the absorption and transmission of infrared light by a sample. It functions by splitting a beam of infrared light, passing one part through the sample and the other through a reference, and then recombining the beams to create an interference pattern. This interference pattern is then analyzed using a Fourier transform algorithm to determine the infrared spectrum of the sample.
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Lab products found in correlation
1260 liquid chromatography system, by Agilent Technologies (6 mentions)
Avance 3 600 mhz spectrometer, by Bruker (4 mentions)
Gf254, by Qingdao Haiyang Chemical (3 mentions)
Uh5300, by Hitachi (2 mentions)
Chiralpakad h chiral column, by Daicel (2 mentions)
Sephadex lh 20, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Q exactive orbitrap ms system, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
6200 q tof ms system, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Sb c18 column, by Agilent Technologies (2 mentions)
Attenuated total reflectance attachment, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Silica gel, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Q exactive obitrap mass spectrometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Zorbax sb c18 column, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Chirascan cd spectrometer, by Applied Photophysics (1 mentions)
Ultimate 3000 rslc uplc system, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Avance 3 600, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Chirascan plus spectrometer, by Applied Photophysics (1 mentions)
11 protocols using fourier transform infrared spectrometer
1
Infrared Spectroscopy of Zihua Snap Bean Lectin
2
Analytical Techniques for Compound Characterization
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Optical rotations were measured on
a Rudolph Autopol IV polarimeter (Hackettstown). Ultraviolet (UV)
spectra were obtained using a double beam spectrophotometer (UH5300,
Hitachi High-Technologies, Tokyo, Japan). Infrared (IR) spectra were
obtained on a Shimadzu Fourier transform infrared spectrometer using
KBr pellets. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra
(HRESIMS) were measured on an Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer
with a HESI ion source (ThermoFisher Scientific, Bremen, Germany).
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded with a Bruker
Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany) with
tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard. Circular dichroism
(CD) spectra were measured with an Applied Photophysics spectrometer
(Chirascan, New Haven). Silica gel (200–300 mesh), Sephadex
LH-20 (GE Healthcare), and reverse phase (RP)-18 gel (20–45
μm, FuJi) were used for column chromatography. Preparative or
semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was
performed on an Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography system equipped
with Zorbax SB-C18 columns (5 μm, 9.4 mm × 150 mm or 21.2
mm × 150 mm). Chiral separation was carried out on a Chiralpak
AD-H chiral column (5 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm, Daicel).
a Rudolph Autopol IV polarimeter (Hackettstown). Ultraviolet (UV)
spectra were obtained using a double beam spectrophotometer (UH5300,
Hitachi High-Technologies, Tokyo, Japan). Infrared (IR) spectra were
obtained on a Shimadzu Fourier transform infrared spectrometer using
KBr pellets. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra
(HRESIMS) were measured on an Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometer
with a HESI ion source (ThermoFisher Scientific, Bremen, Germany).
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded with a Bruker
Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany) with
tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard. Circular dichroism
(CD) spectra were measured with an Applied Photophysics spectrometer
(Chirascan, New Haven). Silica gel (200–300 mesh), Sephadex
LH-20 (GE Healthcare), and reverse phase (RP)-18 gel (20–45
μm, FuJi) were used for column chromatography. Preparative or
semipreparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was
performed on an Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography system equipped
with Zorbax SB-C18 columns (5 μm, 9.4 mm × 150 mm or 21.2
mm × 150 mm). Chiral separation was carried out on a Chiralpak
AD-H chiral column (5 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm, Daicel).
3
Spectroscopic Characterization of Organic Compounds
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To acquire the infrared (IR) spectra, we used a Shimadzu Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer with KBr pellets. The ultraviolet (UV) spectra were acquired using a double beam spectrophotometer (UH5300). The optical rotations were acquired using a Rudolph Autopol IV polarimeter (Hackettstown, NJ, USA). High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HRESIMS) were obtained using an Agilent 6200 Q-TOF MS system or a Thermo Scientific Q Exactive Orbitrap MS system. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were obtained using a Bruker Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany). Column chromatography (CC) was performed using a Sephadex LH-20 (GE Healthcare) with silica gel (80–100 and 200–300 mesh) and RP-18 gel (20–45 μm; FuJi). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed using an Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography system equipped with Zorbax SB-C18 columns (5 μm; 9.4 mm × 150 mm or 21.2 mm × 150 mm).
4
Characterizing Silica Particle Surface
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Surface functionality of bare and mPEG-grafted silica particles was characterized using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with an attenuated total reflectance attachment (Shimadzu, Japan). The FTIR spectra were recorded at a resolution of 4 cm−1 over 64 scans in the range of 4000–400 cm−1.
5
Analytical Techniques for Compound Characterization
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UV spectra were obtained by using a Double Beam Spectrophotometer UH5300 (Hitachi High-Technologies, Tokyo, Japan). IR spectra were obtained on a Shimadzu Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer using KBr pellets. NMR spectra were recorded with a Bruker Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany). Optical rotations were measured on a Rudolph Autopol IV polarimeter (Hackettstown, NJ, USA). HRESIMS were measured on an Agilent (Santa Clara, CA, USA) 6200 Q-TOF MS system. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra were measured with an Applied Photophysics spectrometer (Chirascan, New Haven, CT, USA). HPLC was performed on an Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography system equipped with Zorbax (Santa Clara, CA, USA) SB-C18 columns (5 μm, 9.4 mm × 150 mm or 21.2 mm × 150 mm). Sephadex LH-20 (GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA), Silica gel (200–300 mesh), and RP-18 gel (20–45 μm, FuJi, Tokyo, Japan) were used for column chromatography (CC). Chiral separation was carried out on a Chiralpak AD-H chiral column (5 μm, 250 × 4.6 mm; Daicel, Osaka, Japan).
6
Spectroscopic Analysis of Natural Compounds
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UV spectra were afforded with a UH5300 UV-VIS Double Beam Spectrophotometer. ECD spectra were obtained on a Chirascan CD spectrometer (Applied Photophysics, London, UK). HRESIMS spectra were recorded on a Q Exactive Obitrap mass spectrometer (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS (1290 UPLC-6540, Agilent Technologies Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA) HRMS spectrometer. IR spectra were obtained with a Shimadzu Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer using KBr pellets. NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer with TMS as an internal standard. Chemical shifts (δ) were expressed in ppm with reference to the solvent signals. Column chromatography (CC) was performed on silica gel (200–300 mesh, Qingdao Marine Chemical Ltd., Qingdao, China) and Sephadex LH-20 (Pharmacia Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Uppsala, Sweden). Medium Pressure Liquid Chromatography (MPLC) was performed on a Biotage SP1 System and columns packed with RP-18 gel. Preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) was performed on an Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography system equipped with Zorbax SB-C18 columns (Agilent, 5 μm, 9.4 mm × 150 mm) and a DAD detector. Fractions were monitored by TLC (GF 254, Qingdao Haiyang Chemical Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China).
7
Collagen FTIR Spectroscopy Analysis
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A 3 mg lyophilized collagen sample was accurately weighed and combined with 100 mg dry KBr. Then the sample was crushed with a mortar. A Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) was used to detect the samples after pressing them into clear sheets using a powder tablet machine. Then the resulting spectra were analyzed using Origin software Version 9.6.5 [21 (link)].
8
FTIR Analysis of Pv-GA Complexes
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FTIR spectra of the Pv and Pv–GA complexes were recorded in KBr using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) [26 (link)]. The FT–IR spectrometer was scanned in a range of 4000–400 cm−1 with a 4 cm−1 resolution at ambient temperature. The experiment was repeated three times.
The PeakFit version 4.12 software (SeaSolve, San Jose, CA, USA) was used to analyze the protein conformation [27 (link)].
The PeakFit version 4.12 software (SeaSolve, San Jose, CA, USA) was used to analyze the protein conformation [27 (link)].
9
Analytical Techniques for Chemical Characterization
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Optical rotations were measured on a Rudolph Autopol IV polarimeter. UV spectra were obtained on a UH5300 UV–VIS Double Beam Spectrophotometer. IR spectra were obtained by using a Shimadzu Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer with KBr pellets. NMR spectra were acquired with a Bruker Avance III 600 instrument. CD spectra were recorded with an Applied Photophysics Chirascan-Plus spectrometer. High resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HRESIMS) were recorded on a LC–MS system consisting of a Q Exactive™ Orbitrap mass spectrometer with an ESI ion source used in ultra-high resolution mode (140,000, at m/z 200) and a Dionex UltiMate 3000 RSLC UPLC system. Silica gel (200–300 mesh and 500–800 mesh), RP-18 gel (40–75 µm) and Sephadex LH-20 were used for column chromatography (CC). Preparative HPLC was performed on an Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography system with a Zorbax SB-C18 (5 µm, 9.4 × 150 mm) column, a Daicel chiral column (AS-H, 5 µm, 4.6 × 250 mm) and a DAD detector.
10
Characterization of Natural Products
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IR spectra were obtained on a Shimadzu Fourier transform infrared spectrometer using KBr pellets. UV spectra were obtained by using a double beam spectrophotometer UH5300 (Hitachi High-Technologies, Tokyo, Japan). Optical rotations were measured on a Rudolph Autopol IV polarimeter (Hackettstown, NJ, USA). High resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HRESIMS) were recorded on an Agilent 6200 Q-TOF MS system or a Thermo Scientific Q Exactive Orbitrap MS system. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra were measured with an Applied Photophysics spectrometer (Chirascan, New Haven, CT, USA). NMR spectra were recorded with a Bruker Avance III 600 MHz spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany). Sephadex LH-20 (GE Healthcare, Pittsburgh, PA, USA), Silica gel (200–300 mesh), and RP-18 gel (20–45 μM, FuJi) were used for column chromatography (CC). HPLC was performed on an Agilent 1260 liquid chromatography system equipped with Zorbax SB-C18 columns (5 μM, 9.4 mm × 150 mm, or 21.2 mm × 150 mm).
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