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8 protocols using picopump pv820

1

Microinjection of DNA into Zebrafish Embryos

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DNA samples were microinjected into Danio rerio embryos at the first cleavage 20 min after fertilization using an M-152 micromanipulator (Narishige, Japan) and an air-pressure injector PicoPump PV820 (World Precision Instruments, United States) under an inverted microscope Olympus IX2-SLP (Olympus, Japan). The samples were injected into the yolk under the formed germinal disc at an angle of 45° to the surface with the embryo to maximize sample delivery into the yolk center.
The capillaries used with the outer diameter of 20 µm were pulled from glass capillaries (BF100-50–10, Sutter Instrument, United States) by a Micropipette puller (Sutter Instrument, United States). A 1 nl sample was injected into an embryo within 2.8 × 100 ms.
Vectors DNA were isolated from transformed Escherichia coli TG1 using a Plasmid Miniprep kit (Evrogen, Russia). DNA concentration was determined by spectrophotometry using the extinction coefficient of 0.02 ml/(µg × cm) for double-stranded DNA27 . The obtained DNA was dissolved in PBS with 0.05% phenol red (Sigma-Aldrich, United Kingdom).
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2

Microinjection of DNA Samples into Zebrafish Embryos

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DNA samples were dissolved in PBS (Biolot, Moscow, Russia) containing 0.05% Phenol red dye (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). DNA concentration ranged from 0.3 to 30 attomoles/nL. DNA samples were microinjected into zebrafish embryos at the first cleavage 20 min after fertilization using an M-152 micromanipulator (Narishige, Tokyo, Japan) and an air-pressure injector PicoPump PV820 (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL, USA) under an inverted microscope Olympus IX2-SLP (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). The samples (1 nL) were injected within 0.28 s into the yolk under the formed germinal disc at an angle of 45° to the plate to maximize sample delivery into the yolk center. The capillaries used with an outer diameter of 20 µm were pulled from glass capillaries (BF100-50-10, Sutter Instrument, Novato, CA, USA) by a Micropipette puller (Sutter Instrument, Novato, CA, USA). A total of 6750 eggs were injected.
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3

Neuronal Labeling in Rat Brainstem and Striatum

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Male and female Wistar rats (postnatal days [p] 17–21) were anesthetized with a mixture of ketamine (40 mg/kg, intramuscular injection [i.m.]) and xylazine (4 mg/kg, i.m.), followed by an injection of glycerol (0.6 g/kg, intraperitoneal injection [i.p.]) and dexamethasone (1 mg/kg, i.m.). Alexa Fluor 555-conjugated cholera toxin subunit B (CTB555, Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and red RetroBeads (Lumafluor, Naples, FL, USA) were injected into the pons or contralateral striatum with glass pipettes and a PicoPump (PV820, World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL, USA) (Morishima and Kawaguchi 2006 (link); Morishima et al. 2011 (link)).
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4

In utero Electroporation in Mice

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Experiments involving mice were performed in accordance with animal experimentation licenses granted to the research groups by the Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales, Berlin. Mice of the NMRI strain were housed, bred and operated on in the animal facility of Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin. In utero electroporation was performed as described in (28 (link)), using a PicoPump PV820 (World Precision Instruments) and a CUY21 electroporator (Bex Co. Ltd.). Following surgery, animals were kept under observation until full recovery and the embryos collected at the pregnancy stages indicated in the experiments.
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5

Xenotransplantation in Zebrafish Embryos

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To perform xenotransplantation, embryos at the age of 48 hpf (hours post fertilization), previously dechorionized and anesthetized with a 0.006% tricaine solution (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), were used.
The embryos were placed onto an agarose support, and cells were injected into the yolk sac using a PicoPump PV820 pneumatic microinjector (World Precision Instruments, Inc., Sarasota, FL, USA) with the pressure parameters set at 20 psi and the sample submission time of 100 ms; an M-152 micromanipulator (Narashige Group, Tokyo,  Japan); and an Olympus CKX41 microscope (Olympus, Japan). Glass capillaries (cat.# BF100-50-10 Sutter Instrument, Novato, CA, USA), with the outer diameter of 40 μm, produced by a Model P-97 device (Sutter Instrument), were employed.
The postinjection embryos were held in water at +28°C for 2 hrs, and the temperature was raised to +34 °C.
Five hours after the injections, bioimaging of the injected embryos was carried out. Individuals that showed 100–200 cells at the injection area and with no cells observed in blood vessels were selected for future analysis.
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6

Pressure-Pulsed PDGF-BB Stimulation of DRG Neurons

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Recombinant rat carrier-free (CF) PDGF-BB (520-BB/CF, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) was reconstituted to 100 µg/mL in 4 mM of HCl stock solution. Then, PDGF-BB was diluted to 125 ng/mL in extracellular solution. When indicated, PDGF-BB or its vehicle was focally and continuously applied onto plated DRG neurons using pressure puffs supplied by a pneumatic PicoPump PV820 (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL), connected to a glass pipette (2-5 MΩ). The pipette was placed 25 to 50 μm away from the recorded neuron.
The vehicle solution for control experiments was 5 μΜ of HCl in the extracellular solution.
Imatinib (I-5577, LC laboratories, Woburn, MA) was dissolved in DMSO in a 10-mM stock solution. On the day of experiments, it was diluted in extracellular solution to a working concentration of 10 μM.
Wortmannin (W1628; Sigma) was dissolved with DMSO into stock aliquots. On experiment day, the stock was diluted to a working concentration of 20 nM.13 (link),61 (link)XE991 (2000, Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, United Kingdom) was dissolved in water in 10-mM stock aliquots. On experiment days, the stock was diluted to a working concentration of 10 µM and applied by bath perfusion.
Capsaicin (M2028, Sigma) was applied in the bath solution at a concentration of 1 μM.
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7

Xenotransplantation of Panc1 Cells in Zebrafish

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Xenotransplantation of Panc1 cells transfected with siSOX9 and control siNeg was performed using Panc1-EGFP cells. Dechorionized embryos (48 h postfertilization) were injected into the yolk sac using a PicoPump PV820 pneumatic microinjector (World Precision Instruments, Inc., Sarasota, FL, USA), as previously described [27 (link)]. The bioimaging of embryos was performed 2 days after transplantation using a Leica ICC50 HD fluorescence microscope (Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) equipped with a GFP filter. Evaluation of Panc1-EGFP cell migration was performed using the digitized images of injected embryos.
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8

Microinjection of OMVs into Intestinal Organoids

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Small intestinal organoids derived from Rosa26.tdTomato mice were grown for 7 days and then microinjected (n = 200/well) with purified OMVs derived from E. coliCre using a Pneumatic Pico Pump PV820 and a World Precision Instrument. Dynasore was added into the organoid culture medium 60 min prior to OMV microinjection in an 80 μM concentration (Dynamin Inhibitor I, Dynasore Sigma‐Aldrich).
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