Ap 300

Manufactured by Atago

Sourced in Japan

The AP-300 is a laboratory equipment product designed for analytical purposes. It functions as a precision measurement tool for various applications within the scientific research and testing domains.

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10 protocols using ap 300

Determining Optical Rotation of Polymer Solutions

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The angle of optical rotation and the specific optical rotation of polymer solutions in chloroform were determined on an ATAGO AP-300 (Atago, Tokyo, Japan) automatic polarimeter at a wavelength of the D line of the sodium spectrum (λ = 589.3 nm) at a temperature of 20–25 °C, and a tube length of L = 99.96 mm. The number of D-units (D%) in polylactide was calculated by the formula:

D % = \frac{({[α]}_{D}^{25} (PLLA) - {[α]}_{D}^{25} (PLA))}{2 {[α]}_{D}^{25} PLLA} \times 100 %,

where

{[α]}_{D}^{25} PLA and {[α]}_{D}^{25} PLLA

are the specific optical rotation of polylactide and poly-l-lactide in the sample, respectively.
The measurements for the samples of each of the syntheses were repeated three times, and then the arithmetical mean value of α were determined.
The average value of α was used to determine the specific rotation of the obtained polymers. All measurements were carried out in chloroform solution for comparability of experimental data.

Lednev I., Salomatina E., Ilyina S., Zaitsev S., Kovylin R, & Smirnova L. (2021). Development of Biodegradable Polymer Blends Based on Chitosan and Polylactide and Study of Their Properties. Materials, 14(17), 4900.

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Enantioselective Reduction of 2c Catalyzed by Purified Enzyme

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The reaction mixture (40 mL) consisted of 100 mM glycine‐NaOH buffer (pH 9.0), (RS)‐2 c (50.0 mg, 0.197 mmol), 100 mM NaBH₄, and 4 U purified enzyme was stirred at 1.3×10³ rpm at 30 °C for 1 hr in a 1 L eggplant flask. The progress of the reaction was monitored by HPLC with an OD‐H column (φ 0.46 cm ×25 cm, Daicel Chiral Technologies Co. Ltd, Tokyo, JAPAN) using a solvent system of hexane: 2‐propanol=9 : 1 (Absorbance: 220 nm, Flow rate: 1 mL/min, column temperature: 30 °C). The reaction was quenched by addition of 1 M NaOH. The aqueous phase was extracted by hexane (40 mL×3), and then, the hexane layer was dried in vacuo. The remaining product was analyzed by ¹H‐NMR and by optical rotation measurement. The ¹H NMR spectra were recorded on the Bruker Biospin AVANCE II 400 (Bruker Biospin, Rheinstetten, Germany) system. Optical rotation was determined by ATAGO AP‐300 (Atago Co., Tokyo, Japan) by using a 10.1‐mm cell. The optical purity of the isolated (R)‐2 c was 95.7 % e.e. with an isolation yield of 46.2 % (19.8 mg, 0.091 mmol). The ¹H‐NMR spectra were shown as follows: 2 c (400 MHz; DMSO‐d₆) δ_H (ppm) 7.18‐7.43 (m, 9H), 5.09 (s, 1H), 2.33 (s, 2H). [ɑ]_D²⁷−9.99° (c 1.0, EtOH) (lit. [ɑ]_D²⁰−10.6 (c 1.1, EtOH) for the (R)‐enantiomer, [ɑ]_D²⁰+10.8 (c 2.18, EtOH) for the (S)‐enantiomer.).14

Yasukawa K., Motojima F., Ono A, & Asano Y. (2018). Expansion of the Substrate Specificity of Porcine Kidney D‐Amino Acid Oxidase for S‐Stereoselective Oxidation of 4‐Cl‐Benzhydrylamine. Chemcatchem, 10(16), 3500-3505.

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Characterization of Natural Compounds

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Optical rotations were measured using an ATAGO AP-300 automatic polarimeter (Saitama, Japan), and the high-resolution mass spectra (HRESI-TOFMS) were obtained on a Waters Xevo Q-TOF direct probe/MS system using ESI⁺ mode and microchannel plates MCPs detector (Milford, MA, USA). In contrast, the IR spectra were measured on a One Perkin Elmer infrared-100 (Shelton, CT, USA). The NMR data were recorded on a JEOL ECZ-500 spectrometer (Tokyo, Japan) at 500 MHz for ¹H and 125 MHz for ¹³C using TMS as the internal standard. Chromatographic separations were conducted on a silica gel G60 (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany, 70–230 and 230–400 mesh), and the TLC plates were precoated with GF₂₅₄ (Merck, 0.25 mm), after which detection was performed by spraying with 10% H₂SO₄ in ethanol, before heating.

Farabi K., Harneti D., D.a.r.w.a.t.i., Mayanti T., N.u.r.l.e.l.a.s.a.r.i., Maharani R., Sari A.P., Herlina T., Hidayat A.T., Supratman U., Fajriah S., Azmi M.N, & Shiono Y. (2022). Dammarane-Type Triterpenoid from the Stem Bark of Aglaia elliptica (Meliaceae) and Its Cytotoxic Activities. Molecules, 27(19), 6757.

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Physical Properties of L. dentata EO

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Physical properties of EO produced from L. dentata were determined according to the protocol recommended by the European Pharmacopoeia [12 ]:

Density: was measured using a METTLER TOLEDO 30 PX type densimeter.

Rotatory power: was measured using an ATAGO AP300 polarimeter.

Refractive index (n): was measured using a refractometer of the NAR-1TLIQUID type.

El Abdali Y., Agour A., Allali A., Bourhia M., El Moussaoui A., Eloutassi N., Salamatullah A.M., Alzahrani A., Ouahmane L., Aboul-Soud M.A., Giesy J.P, & Bouia A. (2022). Lavandula dentata L.: Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, Antifungal and Insecticidal Activities of Its Essential Oil. Plants, 11(3), 311.

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Starch Composition Analysis Procedure

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The moisture, ash, fat, and crude protein were determined by standard procedures (AOAC, 1995). Purity of isolated starch was determined polarimetrically using an Automatic polarimeter (Atago, AP—300). Amylose content was determined according to Williams et al.'s Williams, Kuzina, and Hlynka (1970) method. Ten mL of 0.5 N KOH were added to 20 mg of starch samples, mixed thoroughly and topped up in 100 ml volumetric flask with distilled water. Ten ml aliquots were pipetted in 50 ml volumetric flasks to which 5 ml of 0.1 N HCl and 0.5 ml of iodine reagent were added sequentially. The flasks were diluted to the mark and absorbance was measured at 625 nm. An amylose and amylopectin blend standard curve was used to measure the amylose content.

Ssonko U.L, & Muranga F.I. (2017). Partial characterization of starches from major banana (matooke) cultivars grown in Uganda. Food Science & Nutrition, 5(6), 1145-1153.

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Determining Optical Rotation of Essential Oils

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Certain chemical compounds exhibit specific rotation

{[α]}_{D}^{t}

, which results in a deviation of the polarization plane of polarized light. This deviation suggests the presence of an asymmetric carbon. The Rotatory power

{[α]}_{D}^{t}

measured at a temperature t, using the d-line of Sodium (Na) λ = 589 nm as a light source is expressed by Biot's law(2):

Equation 2.

With:
α: Value of the deflection angle of the polarized light read on the polarimeter expressed in degrees.
L: Length of the cell expressed in dm.
C: Concentration of the test solution in g/100 mL.
In order to evaluate the rotation angles a branded polarimeter was used: ATAGO AP-300, equipped with a cell filled with an ethanolic solution of essential oil at a rate of 0.20 g for the sample in 100 mL of solvent.
The instrument measures the observed degree of rotation directly, allowing us to calculate the rotatory power of our essence [18 ].

Afrokh M., El Mehrach K., Chatoui K., Ait Bihi M., Sadki H., Zarrouk A., Tabyaoui M, & Tahrouch S. (2024). Quality criteria, chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. Heliyon, 10(7), e28125.

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Sugarcane Composition Analysis Protocol

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Pol in juice % Purity % = × 100 Brix % Pol in cane: Pol in cane was estimated by Horne's dry basic lead acetate method using polarimeter (Model: ATAGO AP 300, Japan). The corrected pol reading was obtained by comparing the pol reading measured with the corresponding corrected Brix reading referring to Schmitz table and the values were computed as per the following formulae. 9 100-(F+5) Pol (%) in cane =Pol (%) in juice× 100
Where, F = Fibre in cane (%); 5 = constant Reducing sugars: Lane and Eynon (original) method was used to determine reducing sugars as described by Varma. 10 Reducing sugar was calculated by the usual formulae: Phosphate: Phosphate content of the cane juice was determined by ammonium molybdate method (Varma, 1988). 10 Fiber: Fibre content of the cane was calculated by using the following formula:

Arefin M.S., Rahman M.M., Alim A., & Islam M.A. (2020). Physico-chemical properties of goor and quality of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) as influenced by integrated nutrient management in Bangladesh. MOJ Ecology & Environmental Sciences, 5(6).

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Sugarcane Quality Assessment Protocol

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Sugarcane quality parameters: Cane samples were randomly taken from different parts of the plot and made the total number of stalks to 20. Cane samples were crushed by BSRI developed modern cane crusher. Juice samples extracted by means of a power driven sugarcane crusher from 10 canes were selected at random from the net plot area at harvest. Sugarcane juice was chemically analyzed for the following quality parameters: Pol in juice: Juice samples were clarified as per Horne's dry basic lead acetate method with the help of digital polarimeter (Model: ATAGO AP 300, Japan). Pol readings so recorded were correlated with observed degrees brix with the help of Schmitz's table to obtain the values of pol in juice, which was synonymously used for sucrose content in juice. 9 The purity of juice: Purity of juice values was computed as per the following formulae.

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Beet Sugar Quality Estimation

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The industrial sugar quality including sucrose percentage was estimated based on the method itemized in [52] . The pure sugar (PS%) in the juice of beets was computed with the following formula [53] :
Also, loss sugar (LS%) = Sucrose (%) -PS (%)
The soluble non-sugar contents (i.e., Na, K, and α-amino N) were estimated (in mmol kg -1 of root juice) utilizing a digital automatic sugar polarimeter (model AP-300, ATAGO CO., LTD, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan).

Mekdad A.A.A., Shaaban A., Rady M.M., Ali E.F., & Hassan F.A.S. (2021). Integrated Application of K and Zn as an Avenue to Promote Sugar Beet Yield, Industrial Sugar Quality, and K-Use Efficiency in a Salty Semi-Arid Agro-Ecosystem. Agronomy, 11(4), 780-780.

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Analytical Techniques for Natural Product Characterization

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Optical rotations were measured on an Atago AP-300 digital polarimeter equipped with a sodium lamp (589 nm) and a 1 dm microcell. 1D and 2D NMR experiments were recorded at 300 K in CD 3 OD on a Bruker DRX-500 and Bruker Avance 250 spectrometers (Bruker BioSpin GmBH) [30] . HRESIMS were acquired in the positive ion mode on a Q-TOF premier mass spectrometer (Waters). ESI-MS spectra were obtained from an LCQ Advantage ThermoFinnigan spectrometer (ThermoFinnigan), equipped with Xcalibur software. Column chromatography was carried out over Sephadex LH-20 (40-70 µm, Pharmacia). High-Performance Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (HPCPC) was performed on an Everseiko CPC240 instrument equipped with 3136 cells (total volume, 240 mL). HPLC separations were conducted on a Shimadzu LC-8A series pumping system equipped with a Shimadzu RID-10A refractive index detector and Shimadzu injector on a C18 µ-Bondapak column (30 cm x 7.8 mm, 10 µm Waters, flow rate 2.0 mL/min). TLC separations were carried out using silica gel 60 F 254 (0.20 mm thickness) plates (Merck) and cerium sulphate (Sigma-Aldrich) as spray reagent.

Iannuzzi A.M., Camero C.M., DʼAmbola M., DʼAngelo V., Amira S., Bader A., Braca A., De Tommasi N, & Germanò M.P. (2019). Antiangiogenic Iridoids from Stachys ocymastrum and Premna resinosa. Planta medica, 85(11-12).

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