Smart 1000 ccd x ray diffractometer

Bioreduction of Ag⁺ ions was characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometer (Shimadzu UV2550; Kyoto, Japan) over a wavelength range of 300–700 nm for 72 hours after incubation. The cell filtrate was used as a blank. Size distribution and zeta potential were measured by DLS performed on a Delsa Nano C of Beckman Coulter. Additionally, morphology was visualized by Hitachi-7650 TEM instrument operated at an accelerating voltage of 80 kV, in which the sample was prepared by dripping AgNPs colloidal solution onto the carbon-coated copper grid. XRD study was used to evaluate the crystal structure of the nanocrystals using Smart 1000 CCD X-ray diffractometer (Bruker Madison, WI, USA) with Cu Kα radians at 2θ angles ranging from 20° to 80°. The FTIR spectra of both the cell filtrate and AgNPs were measured using Shimadzu Spectrum-100 FTIR spectrometer in the range of 4,000–450 cm⁻¹ to detect the possible functional groups involved in the formation of AgNPs. The stability of the synthesized AgNPs was further studied by recording UV–vis absorption spectra and measuring particle size distribution of the same colloidal solution preserved at room temperature in dark for 1, 2, 3, and 6 months.