Eos m50

An optical microscope (OLYMPUS BX51; Olympus Corporation, Shinjuku, Tokyo) and digital camera (EOS M50; Canon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) were used to observe the appearance and structural outlines of the CNF/PEGDA hydrogels.

After transfection, cells were suspended in basic medium to adjust the cell concentration to 500/ml. Then 2 ml of cell suspension was added into a 6-well plate. The cells were then cultured for 14 days and the basic medium was renewed every three days. Afterwards, the cell colonies were fixed with methanol (R007536, Rhawn) for 15 min, stained with crystal violet for 15 min, and washed with PBS. Finally, the cell colonies were observed and the images were documented with a camera (EOS M50, Canon, Japan).

Larvae were raised in standard vials. The day of the locomotion assay, larvae were transferred to a 100 mm plate containing 1.6% agar. Larvae were allowed to explore to acclimate to the crawling surface and shed debris from the home vial. After one minute, larvae were placed on a 1.6% agar arena. Locomotion was recorded for five animals at a time for 30 sec on a Canon EOS M50 camera at 29.97 frames per second. Video recordings were analyzed using the wrMTrck plugin written by Jesper S. Pedersen for Fiji. The total distance travelled in mm and maximum speed per second were calculated for 23–30 animals per experimental condition.

Third instar larvae were placed onto 1.6% agar plates and allowed to wander for 1 min to remove excess food debris and acclimate to the agar crawling surface. Larvae were then transferred to a 1.6% agar-coated behavioral arena and video recorded for 30 s at 29.97 frames per second with a Canon EOS M50 camera. Each recording was performed on a group of five larvae. Video recordings were analyzed in Fiji with the wrMTrck plugin by Jesper S. Pedersen. Values for distance crawled, average and maximum velocities, and body lengths traveled per second (to normalize for variation in larval body size) were recorded.

Digital photographs of uncoated and coated fabrics with PCs were taken with a Canon EOS M50 (Canon Portugal S.A, Porto Salvo, Portugal) digital camera. The images were acquired in a light chamber under a D65 light source, maintaining the same distance for all samples. No adjustments of pixels, color, brightness or contrast were applied to the images. The photographs produced were parts of larger images that were selected without obscuring, eliminating or misrepresenting any information that was present in the originals.

Images of four noodle samples were collected using a mirrorless interchangeable-lens camera (EOS M50, Canon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Noodles were placed on white paper and put into a small photo studio (Deep, Zhejiang Meinuo Photographic Equipment Co., Ltd., Jinhua, China; 400 × 400 × 400 mm).
The stereo microscope (SM) of noodles was measured using the SM instrument (SteREO Discovery.V8, Carl Zeiss Microscopy GmbH, Jena, Germany) and the brief operation was as follows: Firstly, the operating software interface of the stereo microscope was opened, and then the microscope zoom knob was adjusted to a magnification of 6.3. After that, the noodles were placed on the microscope stage. The focusing hand wheel and the light were adjusted until the observed image was clear on the computer monitor. The total magnification was 6.3 × 10 × 1.5.
Four groups of dry noodles were freeze-dried (LGJ-18S, Beijing Songyuan Huaxing Technology Develop Co., Ltd., Beijing, China). The cross sections of noodles were coated with a layer of gold using an ion sputter coater, examined and photographed using an SEM (QUANTA 250 FEG, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Micrographs were taken using 500× and 2000× magnifications.