μL) of the various peptide/AuNP samples were allowed to adsorb
at room temperature on freshly cleaved muscovite mica (Ted Pella,
Inc.). After 5 min, the mica surface was briefly washed with 100 μL
of ultrapure water, dried under a gentle nitrogen stream, and immediately
imaged. A Cypher AFM instrument (Asylum Research, Oxford
Instruments, Santa Barbara, CA) operating in tapping or AC mode and
equipped with a scanner at an XY scan range of 30/40 μm (closed/open
loop) was used. Silicon tetrahedral tips mounted on 30 μm long
rectangular cantilevers were purchased from Olympus (AT240TS; Oxford
Instruments). The probes had a nominal spring constant of 2 N/m and
a driving frequency of 70 kHz. A number of images covering 1–5
μm2 surfaces were scanned, and the lengths of particles
were measured using a freehand tool in the MFP-3DTM offline section
analysis software. The same tool was used to measure the cross sections
of particles.