Thermal hyperalgesia was evaluated at 7, 14, and 34 days after mTBI or sham surgery by the Plantar Test Apparatus (Ugo Basile, Varese, Italy). On the day of the experiment each mouse was placed in a plastic cage (22 cm × 17 cm × 14 cm; length × width × height) with a glass floor. After 30 min habituation period, the plantar surface of the hind paw was exposed to a beam of radiant heat through the glass floor. The radiant heat source consists of an infrared bulb (Osram halogen-bellaphot bulb; 8 V, 50 W). A photoelectric cell detected light reflected from the paw and turned off the lamp when paw movement interrupted the reflected light. Data were expressed as thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) in seconds and TWL was automatically displayed to the nearest 0.1 s; the cut-off time was 20 s in order to prevent tissue damage. Each mouse served as its own control, the responses being measured both before and after surgical procedures. TWL were quantified by an observer blind to the treatment.
Halogen bellaphot bulb
Manufactured by Osram
The Halogen-bellaphot bulb is a type of laboratory equipment that provides illumination. It functions by using a halogen gas-filled bulb to generate light.
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Lab products found in correlation
5 protocols using halogen bellaphot bulb
1
Thermal Hyperalgesia Assessment in mTBI
2
Thermal Hyperalgesia Assessment in mTBI Mice
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Thermal hyperalgesia was evaluated at 14 and 30 days after mTBI or sham surgery by the Plantar Test Apparatus (Ugo Basile, Varese, Italy), as described by Guida et al., 2017 (link). On the day of the experiment each mouse was placed in a plastic cage (22 cm × 17 cm × 14 cm; length × width × height) with a glass floor. After 30 min habituation period, the plantar surface of the hind paw was exposed to a beam of radiant heat through the glass floor. The radiant heat source consists of an infrared bulb (Osram halogen-bellaphot bulb; 8 V, 50 W). A photoelectric cell detected light reflected from the paw and turned off the lamp when paw movement interrupted the reflected light. Data were expressed as thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) in seconds and TWL was automatically displayed to the nearest 0.1 s; the cut-off time was 20 s in order to prevent tissue damage. Each mouse served as its own control, the responses being measured both before and after surgical procedures. An observer blind to the treatment quantified TWL.
3
Thermal Nociceptive Threshold Measurement
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The hermal nociceptive threshold was measured using Hargreaves’ device, as described [34 (link)]. Paw withdrawal latency in response to radiant heat (infrared) was assessed using the plantar test apparatus (Ugo Basile, Comerio, Italy). Each mouse was placed under a transparent Plexiglas box (7.0 × 12.5 cm2, 17.0 cm high) on a 0.6-cm-thick glass plate and allowed to acclimatize for 1–2 h before recording. The radiant heat source consisted of an infrared bulb (Osram halogen–bellaphot bulb; 8 V, 50 W) that was positioned 0.5 cm under the glass plate directly beneath the hind paw. The time elapsed between switching on the infrared radiant heat stimulus and the manifestation of the paw withdrawal response was measured automatically. The intensity of the infrared light beam was chosen to give baseline latencies of 10 s in control mice. A cut-off of 20 s was used to prevent tissue damage. Each hind paw was tested 2–3 times, alternating between paws with an interval of at least 1 min between tests. The interval between two trials on the same paw was at least 5 min. Nociceptive response for thermal sensitivity was expressed as thermal paw withdrawal latency in seconds. All determinations were averaged for each animal.
4
Thermal Nociceptive Threshold Evaluation in Mice
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The thermal nociceptive threshold was measured using Hargreaves' device (Hargreaves et al., 1988) . Paw withdrawal latency in response to infrared heat was assessed using the plantar test apparatus (Ugo Basile). Each mouse was placed under a transparent plexiglass box (7.0 × 12.5 cm 2 , 17.0 cm high) on a 0.6-cm-thick glass plate and allowed to acclimatize for 1 h before recording. The radiant heat source consisted of an infrared bulb (Osram halogen-bellaphot bulb; 8 V, 50 W) that was positioned 0.5 cm under the glass plate directly beneath the hind paw. The time elapsed between switching on the infrared radiant heat stimulus and paw withdrawal response was measured automatically. The intensity of the infrared light beam was chosen to give baseline latencies of 10 s in control mice. A cut-off of 20 s was used to prevent tissue damage. Each hind paw was tested two-three times, alternating between paws with an interval of at least 1 min between tests. The interval between two trials on the same paw was of at least 5 min. Nociceptive response for thermal sensitivity was expressed as thermal paw withdrawal latency in seconds. All determinations were averaged for each animal.
5
Thermal Nociceptive Threshold Assessment
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Thermal nociceptive threshold was measured using Hargreaves' device as described (Hargreaves et al., 1988) . Paw withdrawal latency in response to radiant heat (infrared) was assessed using the plantar test apparatus (Ugo Basile, Comerio, Italy). Each mouse was placed under a transparent Plexiglas box (7.0 (d) × 12.5 (w) x 17.0 (h) cm) on a 0.6-cm-thick glass plate and allowed to acclimatize for 1-2 h before recording. The radiant heat source consisted of an infrared bulb (Osram halogen-bellaphot bulb; 8 V, 50 W) that was positioned 0.5 cm under the glass plate directly beneath the hind paw. The time elapsed between switching on the infrared radiant heat stimulus and manifestation of the paw withdrawal response was measured automatically. The intensity of the infrared light beam was chosen to give baseline latencies of 10 s in control mice. A cut-off of 20 s was used to prevent tissue damage. Each hindpaw was tested 2-3 times, alternating between paws with an interval of at least 1 min between tests. The interval between two trials on the same paw was of at least 5 min. Nociceptive response for thermal sensitivity was expressed as thermal paw withdrawal latency in seconds. All determinations were averaged for each animal.
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