Commercial chemicals were of the highest available grade. The water routinely used was freshly redistilled in a glass apparatus. Bovine serum albumin (BSA), copper(II) sulphate (CuSO4), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT), and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (TMP) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other reagents were purchased from Merck (Darmstad, Germany). d-ROMs kit test was purchased from Diacron International (Grosseto, Italy).
1 1 3 3 tetramethoxypropane tmp
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, China
1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (TMP) is a colorless, liquid organic compound. It serves as a precursor for various chemical reactions and is used in the synthesis of other compounds. The core function of TMP is to provide a three-carbon building block with four methoxy groups attached.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Thiobarbituric acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 thiobarbituric acid tba, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trolox standard, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Simvastatin, by Pfizer (1 mentions)
Cholesterol and cholic acid, by Avantor (1 mentions)
Standard rat pellet, by Specialty Feeds (1 mentions)
Genomelab gexp start kit, by Beckman Coulter (1 mentions)
Trichloroacetic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tnf α elisa kit, by Elabscience (1 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Guanidine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Gsh reductase, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate nadph, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
T butyl hydroperoxide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Reduced glutathione, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Epinephrine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Cucl2, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
10 protocols using 1 1 3 3 tetramethoxypropane tmp
1
Measurement of Oxidative Stress Markers
2
Dietary Supplementation with Edible Bird's Nest
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C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf-α) ELISA kits were purchased from Elabscience Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Wuhan, China), while 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (TMP), thiobarbituric acid, potassium persulphate (K2S2O8), 2,2’-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid] (ABTS) reagent, trolox standard and trichloroacetic acid were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Loius, MO, USA). RNA extraction kit was from RBC Bioscience Corp. (Taipei, Taiwan) and GenomeLab™ GeXP Start Kit was from Beckman Coulter Inc (Miami, FL, USA). Simvastatin, RCL2 solution and lipid profile kits were from Pfizer (New York, NY, USA), Alphelys (Toulouse, France) and Randox Laboratories Ltd (Crumlin, County Antrim, UK), respectively. Cholesterol and Cholic acid were purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA) and Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA), respectively. Standard rat pellet was from Specialty feeds (Glen Forrest, WA, USA), while palm oil was supplied by Yee Lee Edible oils Sdn. Bhd. (Perak, Malaysia). All other solvents were of analytical grade and purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). EBN supplied by Blossom View Sdn. Bhd (Terrengganu, Malaysia) was cleaned under tap water for 5 mins, dried at room temperature and ground into powder manually using mortar and pestle before incorporating it into rat pellet.
3
Antioxidant Assays of Essential Oils
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Folin–Ciocalteu, sodium carbonate, gallic acid, 2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzotiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), potassium persulfate, 2, 2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and 1,1,3,3 tetramethoxypropane (TMP) were from Sigma-Aldrich. Calcium chloride 2 hydrated was from PanReac (131232, Barcelona, Spain), sodium alginate from Biochemical (A3249, Barcelona, Spain) and the EOs were from Pranarôm International (Ghislenghien, Belgium). All reagents were of Analytical Grade.
4
Characterization of Transformer Oil and Corn Oil
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Shell Diala transformer oil G (refined naphthenic non-inhibited insulating oil of density 0.89 × 103 kg/m3 and kinematic viscosity of <25 mm2/s at 20 °C was obtained from Philips Medical Systems Limited, Nairobi, Kenya. The oil can be classified as medium- and low-viscosity naphthenic mineral oil as per the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) system (JECFA, 2002 ) and is in line with the specifications set for transformer and switchgear mineral insulating oils used by KPLC, Kenya (KPLC, 2014 ). Corn oil (Elianto) was locally purchased from Tuskys supermarket, Eldoret, Kenya. Thiobarbituric acid (TBA) was obtained from BDH Chemicals Ltd, Poole, England. 1, 1, 3, 3-Tetramethoxypropane (TMP) was obtained from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. All the other chemicals used were of analytical grade.
5
Evaluating Antioxidant Potential
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EA, 4-HIA, epinephrine, reduced glutathione (GSH), GSH reductase, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), t-butyl hydroperoxide, guanidine hydrochloride, 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxy propane (TMP), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) were procured from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals were of analytical grade and solvents were of spectral grade and were procured from Himedia Chemicals (Mumbai).
6
Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Assays
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Naturally occurring free amino acids were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and amidated amino acids were purchased from Watanabe Chemical Ind., Ltd. (Hiroshima, Japan). CuCl2, CuSO4, glycyl-histidyl-lysine-copper (GHK-Cu), ethylenediamine-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid (EDTA), pyrocatechol violet (PCV), 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (TMP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) was purchased from Amresco (Solon, OH, USA). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was purchased from GenDEPOT (Houston, TX, USA).
7
Quantitative Analysis of Organic Sulfur Compounds and Phenolics
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Standards of organic sulfur compounds including diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, diallyl trisulfide, and internal standard isopropyl disulfide were procured from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Both phenolic acid and flavonoid standards, including gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, and quercetin were also from Sigma-Aldrich Co.
The HPLC-grade solvent acetone was obtained from Merck Co. (Darmstadt, Germany). Deionized water was made using a Milli-Q water purification system from Millipore Co. (Bedford, MA, USA). The QuEChERS kit including extraction powder containing 4 g anhydrous magnesium sulfate plus 1 g anhydrous sodium acetate, and purification powder including 300 mg primary and secondary amine (PSA), 900 mg anhydrous magnesium sulfate plus 300 mg C18EC (Octadecylsiloxane endcapped), ceramic homogenizer and 50-mL centrifuge tube was from Yu-Ho Co. (New Taipei City, Taiwan). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, lisinopril, deoxycorticosterone acetate, 99% ethanol, 1,1,3,3-tetra methoxy propane (TMP), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were also from Sigma-Aldrich Co.
The HPLC-grade solvent acetone was obtained from Merck Co. (Darmstadt, Germany). Deionized water was made using a Milli-Q water purification system from Millipore Co. (Bedford, MA, USA). The QuEChERS kit including extraction powder containing 4 g anhydrous magnesium sulfate plus 1 g anhydrous sodium acetate, and purification powder including 300 mg primary and secondary amine (PSA), 900 mg anhydrous magnesium sulfate plus 300 mg C18EC (Octadecylsiloxane endcapped), ceramic homogenizer and 50-mL centrifuge tube was from Yu-Ho Co. (New Taipei City, Taiwan). Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, lisinopril, deoxycorticosterone acetate, 99% ethanol, 1,1,3,3-tetra methoxy propane (TMP), trichloroacetic acid (TCA), and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were also from Sigma-Aldrich Co.
8
Quantification of Malondialdehyde in Samples
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All chemicals and reagents were analytically pure, and they were purchased from different providers: acetonitrile (VWR International, S.A.S., Fonteney-sous-Bois, France), anhydrous disodium phosphate (Na₂HPO₄), and 85% phosphoric acid solution (H3PO4) were purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Thiobarbituric acid (98%) and phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Sulfuric acid solution (H2SO4) (96%) was purchased from Chemical Company (Iasi, Romania). For the preparation of MDA standard solutions, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethoxypropane (TMP, 99%, Sigma Aldrich, Shanghai, China) was used [21 (link),22 (link)]. Ultra pure water was obtained using a Milli-Q purification system (Merck Millipore Corporation, Burlington, MA, USA).
9
Nanoemulsion Preparation for Skin Permeation
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Ethanol, sodium chloride, and sodium phosphate were obtained from Nuclear (Brazil). HPLC-grade methanol was purchased from Tedia (USA). Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane (TMP), and 2,2′-Azobis(2methylpropionamidine) (AAPH) were purchased from Sigma (Brazil). For the preparation of nanoemulsions, Lipoid E-80 (egg lecithin) and octyldodecanol were obtained from Lipoid (Germany) and Delaware (Brazil), respectively. Porcine ears were obtained from a local slaughter house (Dhália, Brazil).
10
Reagents and Chemicals for Analytical Methods
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Aldehyde and 4-heptanone standards, bovine albumin serum, biuret reagent, HPLC grade methanol, water, formic acid, acetonitrile, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and sodium phosphate dibasic anhydrous were purchased from Fisher Scientific (Tustin, CA, USA). Sodium phosphate monobasic was from Spectrum Chemical (Gardena, CA, USA). Ellman's reagent 5, 5'dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), EDTA, ferrozine , trichloroacetic acid (TCA), 2-Thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and 1, 1, 3, 3,-tetramethoxypropane (TMP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St.
Louis, MO, USA).
Louis, MO, USA).
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