Astra software version 4.9

An aliquot of 30 µL of diluted liposomal dispersions (15 μg injected lipid mass) was injected at 0.2 mL/min into the AF4 channel in the focus mode (focus flow 2 mL/min) and eluted at constant detector flow of 1 mL/min and the following cross flow conditions: decreasing cross flow from 2 mL/min to 0.5 mL/min over 5 min and from 0.5 mL/min to 0 mL/min over 30 min followed by elution without applied cross flow. Liposome size and size distributions were calculated by the ASTRA software (version 4.9) (Wyatt Technology, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) using hollow sphere model [41 (link)]. The size results are presented as mean diameter and D10, D50, and D90 representing the diameters at 10, 50 (median), and 90% of the cumulative mass distribution.

Donor liposomes (10–20 µL) and acceptor liposomes (5 µL) were injected and fractionated under the conditions described in Table 3 (Method 1 and 2). Particle size and size distributions were calculated by the Astra software version 4.9 (Wyatt Europe, Dernbach, Germany) using the hollow sphere model. The data obtained from the detector at the lowest angle were excluded in all calculations because of the generally high noise. The obtained size results are given as mean geometric diameters determined over the peak area, where Dz is the intensity-weighted mean diameter. Size distributions are described using the percentile diameters (D10 and D90) and the median diameter (D50) obtained from the cumulative mass fractionation with an applied sigma spread factor of 10.