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11 protocols using u133a genechips

1

Gene Expression Analysis of HER2-Negative Breast Cancer

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These datasets are referred to as the MicroArray Quality Control Phase II (MAQC-II) Project (GSE16716) that has been published. We extracted a part of the dataset which included HER2-negative patients treated with weekly paclitaxel (T) (80 mg/m2) for 12 treatments, followed by 5-fluorouracil (500 mg/m2), doxorubicin (50 mg/m2), and cyclophosphamide (500 mg/m2) for four treatments, given once every 21 days (FAC), with available clinical data. Samples were placed in RNAlater (Ambion, Austin, TX) storage reagent and stored at -80°C until gene expression analysis. As described by Hess et al., all gene expression data were generated using Affymetrix U133A gene chips (Affymetrix, Inc, Santa Clara, CA) 9 (link). Gene expression data were normalized with the MAS5 algorithm, mean centered to 600, and log 2 transformed before further analysis. Probe sets with the lowest 25% mean expression value were removed from all higher level analyses to reduce noise from low expressed probe sets. This left 16,712 probe sets for analysis. Tumors with normalized ESR1 mRNA expression (probe set 205225_at) >10.18 were considered ER-positive 10 (link). Tumors with normalized HER2 mRNA expression (probe set 216836_s_at) >12.54 were considered HER2-positive 10 (link). All statistical analysis was performed with BRB-ArrayTools version 3.8.1 α software and R software version 2.10.1.
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2

Comprehensive Profiling of CN-AML Patients

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Gene expression and methylation data have been previously published (accession number GSE1159 [27 (link)], GSE9476 [28 (link)], GSE6891 [53 (link)] and GSE12417 [54 (link)] for expression, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) [50 (link)] for methylation). Briefly, gene expression data were obtained using Affymetrix Human Genome 133 plus 2.0 and U133A Gene Chips. All the designs and quality control for microarray experiment were according to the standard Affymetrix protocols. Expression data for microRNA were from TCGA obtained using whole-genome high-throughput sequencing, which provided 79 CN-AML patients [50 (link)]. In addition, genome-wide methylation levels in these patients were determined using Illumina 450K chips [50 (link)]. Patients with RUNX1 expression values above the median of all patients were classified as having RUNX1high, and the others were considered to have RUNX1low. Levels of ERG, BAALC, LEF1, MN1, WT1, DNMT3B, TCF4, MIR155HG, ITPR2 and MAPKBP1 expression were also determined from the microarray data.
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3

Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analysis of PEO1R

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RPPA and Illumina gene expression analyses were carried out on PEO1R with and without drug treatments for 48 hr in vitro from three biologic repeat samples. RPPA data processing used SuperCurve (SuperCurve Package. R package version 1.4.1.2011) as described (28 (link)). Gene expression analysis of these samples used Affymetrix U133A GeneChips (12,042 genes) per MIAME guidelines of the Microarray Gene Expression Data Society as in (18 (link)).
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4

Affymetrix Gene Expression Analysis Protocol

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Sample preparation and processing was performed according to the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Manual (http://www.Affymetrix.com). Total RNA was isolated from HUVECs using Trizol-Reagent (Life Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA). DNase treatment was carried out, using RNase free DNase I (Ambion, Woodward, Austin, TX, USA). RNA concentration and quality were assessed by RNA 6000 nano assays on a Bioanalyser 2100 system (Agilent, Waldbronn, Germany). 5 µg of RNA was converted into cDNA using T7-(dT)24 primers and the SuperScript Choice system for cDNA synthesis (Life Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD, USA). Biotin-labelled cDNA was prepared by in vitro transcription using the BioArray high yield RNA transcript labeling kit (Enzo Diagnostics, Farmingdale, NY, USA). The resulting cDNA was purified, fragmented and hybridized to U133A gene chips (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA). After hybridization the chips were stained with streptavidin–phycoerythrin (MoBiTec, Goettingen, Germany) and analysed on a GeneArray scanner (Hewlett Packard Corporation, Palo Alto, CA, USA).
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5

Integrated Genomic Profiling of CN-AML

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Gene/microRNA expression and methylation data were previously published (accession number GSE1159,GSE9476, GSE30029, GSE6891 and GSE12417 for gene expression). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used for mRNA/microRNA expression and genome-wide promoter methylation. Briefly, gene expression data were obtained by Affymetrix Human Genome 133 plus 2.0 and U133A Gene Chips. All designs and quality control of the microarray experiment and data normalization were in line with the standard Affymetrix protocols. RNA-Seq data of mRNA/microRNA and genome-wide promoter methylation levels were derived from TCGA obtained by whole-genome high-throughput sequencing and Illumina 450 K chips, respectively, which provided 73 CN-AML patients with all data for mRNA, microRNA and methylation. Patients with MAP7 expression values (whether microarray in GEO or RNA-Seq in TCGA) above the median for all patients were classified as having MAP7high, and the others were considered to have MAP7low. ERG, BAALC, LEF1, WT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, MAPKBP1, ITPR2, and ATP1B1 expression levels were also determined from the microarray data.
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6

Gene Expression Profiling of Quiescent Cells

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Gene expression profiles of patient- and passage-matched OMFs and SFs were assessed using Affymetrix™ GeneChip® Microarray technology, as previously described [9 (link),14 (link)]. Briefly, total RNA was isolated from quiescent OMFs and SFs, and RNA extraction was performed according to standard phenol/chloroform extraction protocol. Briefly, first strand cDNA was synthesized from 5 mg total RNA using a T7-(dT)24 primer (Genset Corporation, La Jolla, CA, USA) and reverse-transcribed using a Superscript Double-Stranded cDNA Synthesis Kit (ThermoFisher Scientific). cDNA was purified, and the subsequent in vitro transcription reaction was performed using a Bioarray Kit (Enzo Life Sciences, Exeter, UK) to generate biotinylated cRNA in the presence of T7 RNA polymerase and a biotinylated nucleotide analog/ribonucleotide mix for cRNA amplification and biotin labeling. cRNA was subsequently fragmented and hybridized to Affymetrix™ U133A GeneChips, containing B23 500 sequences derived from the GenBank™ database. Following hybridization and GeneArray® scanning, the resultant image files (.CEL) were analyzed in R, using the Bioconductor RMA package and algorithm to generate expression intensity values for each probe set generated.
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7

Affymetrix GeneChip cRNA Hybridization

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Double-strained cDNA from RNA was used as a template for isolation and preparation of cRNA. Isolation and hybridization of cRNA and scanning of the arrays were performed according to protocols specified by the manufacturer. Hybridization was done using three sets of human U133A GeneChips (Affymetrix, CA, USA). The arrays were scanned using the GeneArray scanner (Affymetrix). Image analysis was performed with GeneChip software (MAS 5.0; Affymetrix).
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8

Comprehensive Cancer Transcriptome Analysis

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All clinical and gene expression data were collected previously and are available from public databases. Gene expression data of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA cohort, n = 513) was downloaded from the UCSC Cancer Genomics Browser (Available online: https://genome-cancer.ucsc.edu/). The data from the Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (Leipzig cohort, GSE65858, n = 270) and AHEPA Hospital in Thessaloniki (Greece cohort, GSE27020, n = 109) were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (Available online: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo) and used as the test sets [25 (link),26 (link)]. Gene expression data of the TCGA cohort were generated by Illumina HiSeq2000, the Leipzig cohort by Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 Expression Beadchip, and the Greece cohort by Affymetrix U133A Genechips. All gene expression data were standardized because of different platforms.
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9

Microarray Analysis of Barrett's Esophagus

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Total RNA was isolated from 15 EACs and Barrett’s metaplasia samples (13 non-dysplastic Barrett’s mucosa, six low-grade dysplasia (LGD), and seven high-grade dysplastic samples) using Trizol (Invitrogen) followed by RNeasy column purification (Qiagen, Germantown, MD), cRNA generation and hybridization to U133A GeneChips (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Data have been deposited in GEO (GSE37203).8 (link) Hybridizations and array image analysis was performed by the University of Michigan DNA Microarray Core Facility. A filtering algorithm was used to select genes with either increased or decreased expression in adenocarcinomas or dysplastic BE when compared with BE samples. A twofold change in gene expression was considered significant.29 (link) To normalize the microarray data, a summary statistic was calculated using the robust multichip average method30 (link) as implemented in the Affymetrix library of the Bioconductor version 1.3 that provides background adjustment, quantile normalization, and summarization. Expression values for each sample were then compared with the mean expression value for the seven Barrett’s metaplasia samples.
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10

Gene Expression Profiling of Follicular Lymphoma

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Affymetrix U133A gene chips were used for gene expression profiling of 72 FL samples. The transcriptome analyses were performed using RMA system software packages (version 2.8.0) including Bioconductor (version 2.0). Raw gene expression data from Affymetrix CEL files were analyzed using the affy R library from Bioconductor to generate probe level intensity. Gene-centric expression values were generated using a CDF file based on remapping of probes to the human genome 36.1. The raw data for 72 FL patient samples (CEL file) and the normalized matrix have been deposited in GEO (GSE37088).
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