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Muramyl dipeptide mdp

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Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) is a synthetic compound composed of N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine. It serves as a key structural component of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls. MDP functions as an immune system modulator, stimulating the production of proinflammatory cytokines.

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Lab products found in correlation

Lipid a, by Peptide Institute (4 mentions) Il 1β, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions) Il 10, by BD (3 mentions) Il 23, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Ebio473p19, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Pam3cys, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Gm csf, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Ifn γ, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Il 18, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Tri dap, by InvivoGen (1 mentions) Bromodeoxyuridine (brdu), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Lipopolysaccharides (lps), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tritc dextran, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Alexa fluor 594 conjugated lps, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Interleukin 6 (il 6), by BD (1 mentions) Tnf α, by BD (1 mentions) Il 18, by R&D Systems (1 mentions) Ultrapure lipopolysaccharide lps, by InvivoGen (1 mentions) Il 1ra, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Il 22, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)

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Dipeptides (2 citations)

8 protocols using muramyl dipeptide mdp

1

Macrophage Immune Response Profiling

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Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were treated with muramyl dipeptide (MDP; Bachem, Torrance, CA), lipid A (Peptides International, Louisville, KY), Pam3Cys (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA), polyI:C, flagellin, CL097, CpG (InvivoGen, San Diego, CA), IL23 (PeproTech), 10:1 multiplicity of infection Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium or adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) strain LF82. In some cases cells were incubated with neutralising anti-IL23p19 antibody (eBioscience, San Diego, CA) for 1 hour before the treatments. Supernatants were assayed for tumour necrosis factor (TNF), IL6, IL8, IL10 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), IL1β or IL23 (coating antibody to IL23p19, clone eBio473P19, detection antibody to IL12/ IL23p40, clone C8.6) (eBioscience) by ELISA.
Sun R., Hedl M, & Abraham C. (2019). IL23 induces IL23R recycling and amplifies innate receptor-induced signalling and cytokines in human macrophages, and the IBD-protective IL23R R381Q variant modulates these outcomes. Gut, 69(2), 264-273.
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2

Generating Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells and Macrophages

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BM single cell suspensions were cultured in complete RPMI 1640 media containing 20 ng/mL GM-CSF (PeproTech, Rocky Hill, NJ) (for BMDC) and 10% L929-conditioned medium (for BMM). Cultures were fed fresh medium every 3 days, and used at 6 to 8 days. Purity was >98% as assessed by flow cytometry. BMDC were CD11c+ and F4/80−, while BMM were CD11b+, F4/80+ and CD11c−. IFN-γ (PeproTech), muramyl dipeptide (MDP) (Bachem, King of Prussia, PA), and lipid A (Peptides International, Louisville, KY) were used in vitro.
Wu X., Lahiri A., Haines GK I.I.I., Flavell R.A, & Abraham C. (2014). NOD2 regulates CXCR3-dependent CD8+ T cell accumulation in intestinal tissues with acute injury. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 192(7), 3409-3418.
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3

Myeloid Cell Responses to Microbial Stimuli

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Myeloid-derived cells were treated with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) (Bachem, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, USA), Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4 (Calbiochem, La Jolla, California, USA), lipid A (Peptides International, Louisville, Kentucky, USA), flagellin, CL097, CpG, poly I:C, Tri-DAP (Invivogen, San Diego, California, USA) or Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) at multiplicity of infection (MOI) 10:1. For antibody and inhibitor treatments, cells were incubated with IL-1Ra (IL-1R antagonist) (Genscript), anti-IL-18 receptor accessory protein (RAP) (R&D Systems), Ac-YVAD-Cho (YVAD), caspase-8 inhibitor II or TPL2 inhibitor (Calbiochem) 1 h prior to treatment. Supernatants were assayed for tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-8, IL-10 (BD Biosciences), IL-23, IL-1β and IL-18 (eBioscience) by ELISA.
Hedl M, & Abraham C. (2015). A TPL2 (MAP3K8) disease-risk polymorphism increases TPL2 expression thereby leading to increased pattern recognition receptor-initiated caspase-1 and caspase-8 activation, signalling and cytokine secretion. Gut, 65(11), 1799-1811.
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4

Measurement of Ocular Cytokine Levels

Cited 1 time
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Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and mouse recombinant IL-1β were purchased commercially (Bachem, Torrance, CA and R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, respectively). IL-1Ra, IL-1α, and IL-1β protein levels were measured in whole eye homogenates using commercially available ELISA kits (R&D Systems) as per manufacturer’s instructions and previously reported (16 (link)).
Lee E.L., Allensworth J.J., Clowers J.S, & Rosenzweig H.L. (2014). Aberrant IL-1 signaling does not increase susceptibility of mice to NOD2-dependent uveitis. Clinical & experimental ophthalmology, 43(4), 349-357.
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5

Fluorescent Labeling of Immune Cells

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BrdU was purchased from Invitrogen, LPS from Sigma, Muramyl-di-peptide (MDP) from Bachem and TRITC dextran (155kDa) and Alexa Fluor 594 conjugated LPS (10kDa) from Molecular Probes.
Skoczek D.A., Walczysko P., Horn N., Parris A., Clare S., Williams M.R, & Sobolewski A. (2014). Luminal Microbes Promote Monocyte–Stem Cell Interactions Across a Healthy Colonic Epithelium. The Journal of Immunology Author Choice, 193(1), 439-451.
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6

Cytokine Response in Myeloid Cells

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Cultured myeloid cells were treated with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) (Bachem, King of Prussia, PA), Pam3Cys-Ser-(Lys)4 (Calbiochem, La Jolla, CA), lipid A (Peptides International, Louisville, KY), flagellin, CL097, CpG, poly I:C (Invivogen, San Diego, CA) or IL-18 (R&D Systems Inc.). MDM were incubated with neutralizing anti-IL-18RAP or anti-IL-18 antibodies (R&D Systems Inc.) 1h prior to stimulation. Supernatants were assayed for TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-10 (BD Biosciences), or IL-18 and IL-1β (eBioscience, San Diego, CA) by ELISA.
Hedl M., Zheng S, & Abraham C. (2014). The IL18RAP Region Disease Polymorphism Decreases IL-18RAP/IL-18R1/IL-1R1 Expression and Signaling Through Innate Receptor-Initiated Pathways. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 192(12), 5924-5932.
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7

Differentiation and Stimulation of Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages

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BMDMs were generated as previously described.23 (link)
 Briefly, bone marrow from femurs and tibias of mice undergoing control or HFD regimens were grown for 7 days in DMEM containing Ladmac-conditioned supernatant. Differentiation medium was replaced with DMEM containing 10% FBS and 1% antibiotic-antimycotic on day 7. On day 8, full serum media was replaced with low serum media (0.1% FBS) 4 h before stimulation with various agonists. Appropriate differentiation of BMDMs was verified by expression of F4/80 and CD11b by flow cytometry. Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) was purchased from Bachem and ultrapure lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was procured from Invivogen.
Shehat M.G., Miller M.H., Calder A.N., Gilbertson T.A, & Tigno-Aranjuez J.T. (2023). Dietary fat differentially modulates the response of bone marrow-derived macrophages to TLR4 and NOD2 agonists. Innate Immunity, 29(6), 122-131.
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8

Macrophage Polarization Regulation by Cytokines

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Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were cultured with muramyl dipeptide (MDP) (Bachem, Torrance, CA), recombinant IL-10, IL-4, IL-22 (R&D Systems) or TSLP (Peprotech). For inhibitor and neutralizing antibody treatments, cells were incubated with JAK inhibitor I (total JAK inhibitor), SD-1029 (JAK2 inhibitor) (Calbiochem, La Jolla, CA), tofacitinib (manufactured by Pfizer, NY, NY), neutralizing anti-IL-10 (5 µg/ml), anti-IL-4 (1 µg/ml; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA), anti-IL-22 (1.25 µg/ml; Peprotech) or anti-TSLP (0.25 µg/ml; R&D Systems) antibodies 1h prior to treatment. Supernatants were assayed for IL-10 (BD Biosciences), or IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-1ra (eBioscience, San Diego, CA), IL-22 (Peprotech) or TSLP (R&D Systems) by ELISA.
Hedl M., Proctor D.D, & Abraham C. (2016). JAK2 Disease-Risk Variants are Gain of Function and JAK Signaling Threshold Determines Innate Receptor-Induced Proinflammatory Cytokine Secretion in Macrophages. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 197(9), 3695-3704.
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