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3 protocols using α sma ab32575

1

Macrophage Polarization Protocols

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Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Life Science Production (Barnet, UK). RPMI 1640 medium containing Glutamax, sodium pyruvate, non-essential amino acids, and penicillin/streptomycin were supplied by Gibco (Paisley, UK). The cytokines IFN-γ, IL-4, and M-CSF were purchased from Biolegend (CA, USA). Oligomycin (Oligo) and 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) were obtained from CST (Cell Signaling Technology, #9996). DPI was supplied by Bidepharm (Shanghai, China). BM was purchased from Mackin (Shanghai, China). TGF-β1 (ab215715), fibronectin (ab2413) and α-SMA (ab32575) were obtained from Abcam (CA, USA). CD86 (ab242142) and CD206 monoclonal antibody (MR5D3) were purchased from Themo Fisher (USA). EasySep™ Mouse F4/80 Positive Selection Kit was purchased from STEMCELL (#100-0659).
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2

Western blot analysis of liver proteins

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Whole liver tissue was lysed with ice cold lysis buffer for SDS–PAGE (1 M NaCl, 0.01 M EGTA, 0.5 M EDTA, 1 M NaH2PO4, 1 M Tris, 1 M NaF, 10× Triton, 0.1 M PMSF in EtOH, 1 mM Na3VO4). The protein lysat was denaturated at 95°C for 5 min in double-strength sodium dodecyl sulfate sample buffer with dithiothreitol before resolving in 10%% SDS–PAGE. Primary antibody incubation was performed with α-SMA (ab 32575, Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom) and β-Actin (MA1-744, Thermofisher, Waltham, Boston, MA, United States) antibodies. For detection secondary HRP-linked antibodies against rabbit IgG (7074S, Cell signaling, Frankfurt, Germany) or mouse IgG (sc-2005, Santa Cruz, Heidelberg, Germany) were used. To visualize the antigen-antibody complex the ECL Chemiluminescence Kit (GE Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom) was used.
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3

Immunostaining of Cryosectioned Tissues

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Surgically treated eyes were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 min prior to incubation with increasing concentrations of sucrose (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA) dissolved in 1X (PBS) at 10%, 20%, and 30% sucrose solutions for 4 hours each. The tissue was then embedded in optimum cutting temperature (OCT) media (Tissue Tek, Torrance, CA) and frozen to −80°C before 10 μm sections were cut using a Microm HM550 cryostat (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). OCT was removed by placing glass slide (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA) dissolved in acetone at −20°C for 10 min, and then blocked with 5% bovine serum albumin with 0.4% Triton X-100 for 30 min at room temperature. Sections were stained with αSMA ab32575 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA) for 1 hour at a 1:500 dilution. Slides were washed three times with PBS then incubated with a 1:1000 dilution of the anti-Rabbit IgG secondary antibody conjugated to Alexa-Fluor 488 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) for 30 min at room temperature. Slides were washed three times and mounted with DAPI containing mounting media (Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA) and cover slipped.
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