Dmem nutrient mixture f 12 ham

Vero cells, obtained from the JCRB Cell Bank (JCRB0111), were cultured in an atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ at 37 °C in modified Eagles’ medium (MEM; Wako, Osaka, Japan) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS). SH-SY 5Y cells, obtained from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures (94030304), were cultured in an atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ at 37 °C in Dulbecco’s MEM (DMEM)/Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham (Wako) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FBS. HEK-293T cells, kindly provided by Dr. Matsuura (Osaka University), were cultured in an atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ at 37 °C in high-glucose DMEM (Wako) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FBS.

SK-N-SH (neuroblastoma) cells, obtained from RIKEN BRC Cell Bank (RCB0426), and Vero cells, obtained from JCRB Cell Bank (JCRB0111), were cultured in MEM (Wako, Osaka, Japan) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS). SH-SY5Y cells, obtained from ECACC (94030304), were grown in DMEM/Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham (Wako) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FBS. HEK-293T cells, kindly provided by Dr. Matsuura (Osaka University), were cultured in high-glucose DMEM (Wako) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated FBS. JEV strain JaGAr-01 (Accession number: AF069079) was cloned into plasmids as described below. The WNV 6-LP strain was established from the WNV NY99-6922 strain isolated in 1999 from mosquitoes by plaque purification [46 (link)]. All WNV experiments were performed at the Biosafety Level-3 (BSL-3) facility of Hokkaido University, Japan, according to the institutional guidelines.