Thermal analyzer

The microscopy studies, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high resolution SEM (HR SEM), were performed using a Hitachi S4500 system (Hitachi High-Technologies Europe GmbH, Mannheim, Germany).
Thermal characterizations were performed using a Netzsch Thermal Analyzer (NETZSCH-Gerätebau GmbH, Selb, Germany). The thermal analysis was run in a nitrogen atmosphere at a 10 °C/min heating rate, from room temperature (25 °C) up to 900 °C.
Spectroscopy Bruker Tensor 27 FTIR with a Diamond Attenuated Total Reflection-ATR (Bruker) was used to study the interactions between the chemicals used in the membranes developed. FTIR analysis was recorded in the range of 500 to 4000 cm⁻¹.
UV-VIS analysis was performed on a Spectrometer CamSpec M550 (Spectronic CamSpec Ltd., Leeds, UK).
Other devices used were as follows: Ball Mill Retch (VIOLA—Shimadzu, Bucharest, Romania), vacuum oven (VIOLA—Shimadzu, Bucharest, Romania).

The microscopy studies, SEM and HFSEM, were performed on a Hitachi S4500 system (Hitachi High-Technologies Europe GmbH, Krefeld, Germany). Thermal characterizations were performed on a Netzsch Thermal Analyzer (Netzsch—Gerätebau GmbH, Selb, Germany). The thermal analysis was run in a nitrogen atmosphere at 10 °C/min heating rate, from the room temperature (RT = 25 °C) up to 900 °C.
The UV–Vis analyses of the aqueous 5–nitrobenzimidazole solutions were performed on a Spectrometer CamSpec M550 (Spectronic CamSpec Ltd., Leeds, UK).
The UV–Vis spectra of the samples were recorded for a wavelength from 200 to 800 nm, at room temperature, using 10 mm quartz cells.
Spectroscopy Bruker Tensor 27 Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) with Diamond ATR (Bruker Scientific LLC, Billerica, MA, USA) was used to study the interactions between the chemicals used in the developed membranes. FTIR analysis was recorded in the range of 500 to 4000 cm⁻¹.
The electrochemical analysis was followed up with a PARSTAT 2273 Potentiostat (Princeton Applied Research, AMETEK Inc., Oak Ridge, TN, USA). A setup with a glass cell with three electrodes has been used.

The microscopy studies, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and high resolution SEM (HR SEM), were performed using a Hitachi S4500 system (Hitachi High-Technologies Europe GmbH, Mannheim, Germany). Thermal characterizations were performed using a Netzsch Thermal Analyzer (Netzsch—Gerätebau GmbH, Selb, Germany).
The thermal analysis TG-DSC for the cellulose samples (~20 mg) was performed with a Netzsch STA 449C Jupiter apparatus. The samples were placed in an open crucible made of alumina and heated with 10 K·min⁻¹ from room temperature up to 900 °C, under the flow of 50 mL min⁻¹ dried air. An empty alumina crucible was used as reference.
Spectroscopy Bruker Tensor 27 FTIR with a Diamond Attenuated Total Reflection—ATR (Bruker) was used to study the interactions between the chemicals used in the mem- branes developed. FTIR analysis was recorded in the range of 500 to 4000 cm⁻¹. UV-VIS analysis was performed on a Spectrometer CamSpec M550 (Spectronic CamSpec Ltd., Leeds, UK). Other devices used were as follows: ultrasonic bath (Elmasonic S, Elma Schmidbauer GmbH, Singen, Germany), vacuum oven (VIOLA—Shimadzu, Bucharest, Romania).