Students presenting at our clinic are generally vaccinated with a monovalent, recombinant HBsAg vaccination named Engerix-B® (GlaxoSmithKline). A full series consists of 3 doses of 20 μg HBsAg per dose was given at 0, 1, and 6 months [13 ]. One dose of Engerix-B® (GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, United Kingdom) was administered as booster vaccination as well. In case of non-response, another series of Engerix-B® was given with intervals of 1 month (at month 7, 8, and 9 since start of first series). An additional option in case of non-response is the administration of Fendrix® (GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK) which consists of 20 μg HbsAg with the adjuvant AS04C. Other options for HBV immunization are Ambirix® (GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK) and Twinrix Adult® (GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK)—both combined hepatitis A and B preparations [13 ]. However, these combination vaccines were not routinely used for primary or booster vaccination in our clinic.
Engerix b
Manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline
Sourced in Belgium, United Kingdom, France
Engerix-B is a hepatitis B vaccine manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline. It contains inactivated hepatitis B surface antigen and is used to prevent hepatitis B infection.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Prevenar, by Pfizer (1 mentions)
Rotavirus, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions)
Infanrix hexa, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions)
Hexaxim, by Sanofi (1 mentions)
Varilrix, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions)
Rotarix, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions)
Serum tube, by BD (1 mentions)
K2edta, by BD (1 mentions)
Twinrix, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions)
Fendrix, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions)
Priorix, by GlaxoSmithKline (1 mentions)
Pentaxim, by Sanofi (1 mentions)
Amicon ultra 0.5 ml, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Architect system, by Abbott (1 mentions)
Delsa nano c particle size apparatus, by Beckman Coulter (1 mentions)
Reagent grade chemicals, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Alhydrogel, by InvivoGen (1 mentions)
24 protocols using engerix b
1
Hepatitis B Vaccination Protocols
2
Infant Vaccination Protocols and Administration
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The composition and batch numbers of the vaccines administered in the primary series and booster parts are described elsewhere for Study 1 (DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP~T [Hexaxim; Sanofi Pasteur], DTwP/PRP~T [CombAct-Hib; Sanofi Pasteur], HB [Engerix B; GlaxoSmithKline], OPV [Sanofi Pasteur], MMR [ROR, Sanofi Pasteur], and V [Varilrix, GlaxoSmithKline])16 ,24 and Study 2 (DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP~T [Hexaxim; Sanofi Pasteur], DTaP-IPV-HB//PRP~T [Infanrix hexa; GlaxoSmithKline], PCV7 [Prevenar; Pfizer], and rotavirus [Rotarix; GlaxoSmithKline]).20 The DTaP-IPV-HB-PRP~T, DTaP-IPV-HB//PRP~T, PCV7, and HB vaccines were administered intramuscularly, MMR was administered either intramuscularly or subcutaneously, V was administered subcutaneously, and rotavirus vaccine was administered orally (see Figure 1 for subjects disposition).
3
Adolescent Hepatitis B Vaccine Response
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We recruited 142 participants entering the Junior Nursing College (15e17 years old) or the College of Nursing (18e21 years old) in 2012. All participants had received complete vaccination in infancy; negative anti-HBs, HBsAg, and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were documented at enrolment. In Taiwan, plasmaderived vaccines (0, 1, 2, 12 months of age) were applied before November 1992 (12 subjects); afterwards, recombinant vaccines (0, 1, 6 months of age) were used (130 subjects). Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) was given at birth to infants of HBsAgþ/ HBeAg þ mothers. Subjects with medical records of malignancy or major systemic diseases were excluded. Engerix-B (an adw subtype wild-type HBsAg; 20 mg/mL, 1 mL, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium) was given at 0, 1, and 6 months until the 4week post-booster anti-HBs levels were !100 mIU/mL or a total of three doses was reached. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Written informed consents were obtained from all participants and their legal representatives.
4
Hepatitis B Vaccine Response Evaluation
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A total of 34 healthy individuals (20-29 years: 10, 30-39 years: 7, 40-49 years: 16, 50+ years: 1) without a history of HBV infection or previous HB vaccination were recruited in this study after obtaining written informed consent. Individuals were vaccinated with an HB vaccine by intramuscular (m. deltoideus) injection (Engerix-B containing 20 μg dose of alum-adjuvanted HBsAg, GlaxoSmithKline) on days 0 and 30 (and on day 365). At days 0 (pre-vaccination), 60, 180, and 365 (Figure 1A ), peripheral blood samples were collected on spray-coated lithium heparin tubes, spray-coated K2EDTA (dipotassium ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid) tubes, and serum tubes (Becton Dickinson, NJ).
5
Hepatitis B Antibody Levels among Palestinian Students
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A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Arab American University in Jenin, West Bank, Palestine from September 2013 to April 2014. The study population included Palestinian students from the West Bank-Palestine and Palestinian students holding Israeli citizenship. Subjects were randomly selected from nursing, medical laboratory sciences and dentistry students. None of the students had participated in clinical training prior to or during the study. All students were born after 1992, and vaccinated at 0, 1 and 6 months of age according to the Ministry of Health recommendations using recombinant Engerix®-B (GlaxoSmithKline Inc.). Students were apparently healthy, with no acute or chronic illnesses. Ten milliliters venous blood sample was taken from each subject in a plain tube after signing a written informed consent. Serum was separated by centrifugation at 2000 × g for 5 minutes and aliquoted into two 1.5 mL micro-centrifuge tubes. Tubes were stored at -20°C until analysis. Each student was interviewed and a questionnaire including demographic, clinical history and health awareness parameters filled out. Data entered usingEpiInfo™7 free statistical software (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for analysis.
6
Accelerated HBV Vaccination in Pediatric Cancer
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A super-accelerated vaccination scheme was designed based on the previous reports of significant acute and long-term protective antibody levels following multiple, double doses of vaccination during chemotherapy in children with cancer.14 (link),15,16 (link) Three doses (at days 0-5, 8-12, and 28-33) of booster recombinant HBV vaccines (Engerix-B, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Limited) were administered to children with cancer who were HBV seronegative (negative for HBsAg and anti-HBs Ab) at diagnosis.
The first dose of booster was administered in the first 5 days of initiation of chemotherapy, and the following doses were scheduled at days 8-12 and 28-33 of the first vaccination. Vaccination was cancelled in the presence of neutropenic fever, systemic infections, or significant thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 30 000/mm3 (link)). In case of severe thrombocytopenia, vaccination was postponed until after the transfusion of platelet concentrate.
To evaluate the response, anti-HBs antibody titer was measured 4-8 weeks after the last booster dose of vaccine and 6 months after the end of chemotherapy.
The first dose of booster was administered in the first 5 days of initiation of chemotherapy, and the following doses were scheduled at days 8-12 and 28-33 of the first vaccination. Vaccination was cancelled in the presence of neutropenic fever, systemic infections, or significant thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 30 000/mm3 (link)). In case of severe thrombocytopenia, vaccination was postponed until after the transfusion of platelet concentrate.
To evaluate the response, anti-HBs antibody titer was measured 4-8 weeks after the last booster dose of vaccine and 6 months after the end of chemotherapy.
7
Hepatitis Vaccination Protocol
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The vaccines used were a recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) vaccine containing HBsAg 20 μg per vial (Engerix-B; GSK) and a bivalent vaccine which contained inactivated hepatitis A virus antigen and recombinant HBsAg 20 μg per vial (Twinrix, GSK). One round of inoculation consisted of intramuscular injections of the vaccine (20 μg for each inoculation) in the region of the triceps muscle at 0, 1, 2, and 6 months. All participants received at least one round of inoculation and were given multiple rounds of inoculation according to response status and anti-HBs level. The interval between two rounds of inoculation was 3 months.
8
Characterizing Acute and Chronic HBV Phases
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Acute HBV infection was diagnosed on the basis of new HBsAg positivity or recent exposure and serological evolution; samples were considered from the acute phase when HBV DNA was still detectable and ALT was greater than 40 IU/l; samples were designated as resolved phase when HBV DNA and HBsAg were undetectable and ALT was normalized. All donors with CHB were stratified for disease stage (according to cutoffs listed in figure legends) by serum HBsAg (IU/ml, Abbott Architect Quantitate HBsAg) and HBeAg status, repeated measurements of viral load (IU/ml, determined by real-time PCR), and degree of liver inflammation by serum ALT. Participants were anti–HCV and anti–HIV Ab negative unless otherwise stated; 6 controls with HCV were included, diagnosed by HCV seropositivity with RNA confirmation. All patients studied were treatment naive at the time of sampling. HC were either HBV unexposed, vaccinated with ENGERIX-B (GSK) during the study, or had anti-HBs Abs of more than 100 IU/ml following prior vaccination. HC ranged between 21 and 89 years of age; CHB patients ranged between 23 and 71 years of age.
9
Hepatitis B Vaccine Response in Healthy Chinese Adults
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The present study was conducted in a Chinese Han population. A cohort of 12 healthy adults was voluntarily recruited from the community health service center of Dalang, Dongguan (Table 4 ).The HB vaccine (20 μg) was administered via intramuscular injection of the deltoid according to a 0-, 1-, and 6-month standard schedule (recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, Engerix-B, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK) [30 (link)].None of the subjects had a history of infection with HBV, hepatitis C virus or human immunodeficiency virus, and none were immunodeficient. There were no smokers among the study subjects. We administered a booster HB vaccine via intramuscular injection in the upper arm deltoid and collected 25 mL peripheral venous blood at baseline before and after vaccination on days 7 and 14.
Demographic characteristics of study cohort
| N | 12 |
|---|---|
| Gender (M/F) | 6/6 |
| Age (years) | 28.83 ± 3.95 |
| BMI | 21.81 ± 3.54 |
10
HBV Vaccine Immunogenicity Kinetics
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Certain groups of subjects received one-time intramuscular injection of HBV vaccine Engerix B® (20 µg HBsAg protein, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, UK) during the study period. Heparinized blood (10 ml) was obtained on day 0 (prior to immunization), at day 7 and day 28 post immunization for serum antibody and B-cell ELISpot analyses.
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