Data acquisitions were performed with a 64-detector row CT scanner (Aquilion 64, Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) or 320-detector row CT scanner (Aquilion One, Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) according to a previous described protocol [21 (link)]. In short, if the heart rate was higher than 65 beats per minute, oral or intravenous β blockers were administered, if not contra-indicated. In total, 60–110 mL non-ionic contrast material (Iomeron 400, Bracco, Milan, Italy or Ultravist 370, Bayer Schering Pharma AG Berlin, Germany) was administered followed by a saline flush with a flow rate of 5 mL/second. Thereafter, images were reconstructed at the best phase of the R–R interval. The average image size and voxel size of the datasets were 512 × 512 × 512 and 0.307 × 0.307 × 0.25 mm, respectively.
Iomeron 400
Manufactured by Bracco
Sourced in Italy, Germany, United Kingdom
Iomeron 400 is a non-ionic iodinated contrast medium used for medical imaging procedures. It is designed to enhance the visibility of internal structures during diagnostic imaging tests.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Somatom force, by Siemens (9 mentions)
Aquilion one, by Toshiba (7 mentions)
Brilliance 64, by Philips (7 mentions)
Ultravist 370, by Bayer (6 mentions)
Omnipaque 350, by GE Healthcare (5 mentions)
Somatom definition as, by Siemens (4 mentions)
Optima 660, by GE Healthcare (4 mentions)
Brilliance ict, by Philips (4 mentions)
Definition as, by Siemens (4 mentions)
Somatom definition, by Siemens (3 mentions)
Ge revolution, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Somatom definition flash, by Siemens (3 mentions)
Lightspeed vct, by GE Healthcare (3 mentions)
Aquilion 64, by Toshiba (2 mentions)
Somatom definition edge, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Biograph vision, by Siemens (2 mentions)
Ge discovery ct750 hd, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Ominpaque 350, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
Ict 256, by Philips (2 mentions)
Smartprep, by GE Healthcare (2 mentions)
70 protocols using iomeron 400
1
Cardiovascular CT Protocol for Imaging
2
Cardiac CT Evaluation of LAA
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For the evaluation of the LAA, electrocardiogram-gated cardiac CT scans were performed with dual-source CT (Somatom Force; Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany). Image acquisition was gated to 40% of the RR interval. The contrast injection protocol consisted of 70 mL of iopromide (Iomeron 400; Bracco Diagnostics, Milan, Italy) followed by 50 mL of an 8:2 mixture of normal saline and contrast medium at a flow rate of 4 mL/sec. Gated cardiac CT scans were performed at first pass and 2 minutes after contrast administration. One radiologist, who was specialized for cardiovascular imaging, reviewed all the CT scans. The median interval between the operation and CT scan was 12.8 months (interquartile range 0.3–39.9 months). All enrolled patients underwent CT scanning.
Patients with decreased renal function underwent contrast enhanced CT scans with pre- and post-scan managements to prevent aggravation of renal dysfunction with a consultation to a nephrologist.
Patients with decreased renal function underwent contrast enhanced CT scans with pre- and post-scan managements to prevent aggravation of renal dysfunction with a consultation to a nephrologist.
3
Coronary Artery Disease Assessment by CCTA
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All CCTA examinations were performed using a 64-slice CT scanner (Somatom Definition; Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany and Brilliance 64; Philips, Best, the Netherlands).
Details of CCTA data acquisition and analysis were previously described [12] . Before CCTA, all the patients with an average heart rate of >65 beats/min received oral metoprolol 50-100 mg in the absence of contraindications and were given sublingual nitroglycerine 0.2-0.6 mg immediately before scanning. During image acquisition, a bolus of 60-80 mL of contrast (Iomeron 400; Bracco, Milan, Italy) was intravenously injected, followed by a 50 mL saline flush. Helical scan data were obtained using the retrospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated protocol. Image acquisition was prescribed to include the coronary arteries, left ventricle, and proximal ascending aorta. All scans were analyzed independently by two experienced radiologists who were blinded to the clinical information. The severity of CAD was classified as 0%, 1-49%, 50-69%, or !70% stenosis of any major coronary artery, and obstructive CAD was defined as a stenosis of !50%.
Details of CCTA data acquisition and analysis were previously described [12] . Before CCTA, all the patients with an average heart rate of >65 beats/min received oral metoprolol 50-100 mg in the absence of contraindications and were given sublingual nitroglycerine 0.2-0.6 mg immediately before scanning. During image acquisition, a bolus of 60-80 mL of contrast (Iomeron 400; Bracco, Milan, Italy) was intravenously injected, followed by a 50 mL saline flush. Helical scan data were obtained using the retrospective electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated protocol. Image acquisition was prescribed to include the coronary arteries, left ventricle, and proximal ascending aorta. All scans were analyzed independently by two experienced radiologists who were blinded to the clinical information. The severity of CAD was classified as 0%, 1-49%, 50-69%, or !70% stenosis of any major coronary artery, and obstructive CAD was defined as a stenosis of !50%.
4
Comprehensive CT Scanning Protocol
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CT scans were performed with five multidetector CT scanners (Philips Brilliance 64, iCT 256, and IQon, Philips Medical Care; Siemens Somatom Definition AS and AS+; Siemens Healthineers); some scans were performed after administration of either both oral (Barilux Scan; Sanochemia Diagnostics) and intravenous (Iomeron 400; Bracco) contrast medium or only intravenous contrast material. Image data were acquired with all scanners in helical mode with a peak tube voltage of 120 kVp, a slice thickness of 0.9–1 mm, and adaptive tube load. Postcontrast scans were acquired either in the arterial or portal venous phase, triggered by a threshold of CT attenuation surpassed in a region of interest placed in the aorta or after a delay of 70 seconds, respectively.
5
Retrospective Study of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
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Patients with histologically proven IMCC at *BLINDED* between January 2007 and December 2018 were retrospectively retrieved. The Institutional Review Board approved this study (Prot. 43,024) and informed consent was retrieved for enrolled patients.
Inclusion criteria were: (a) immunopathological diagnosis of IMCC; (b) age > 18 years; (c) baseline hepatic venous phase CT. Exclusion criteria were: (a) previous treatment; (b) periductal infiltrating or intraductal growing patterns; (c) missing clinical data; (d) motion artifact on CT imaging. Demographics and clinical data were collected, including histologic grading and treatment. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT with injection of high-concentration iodine contrast (400 mg I/mL, Iomeron 400, Bracco, Italy), volume 90–130 mL (based on patient weight), flow rate 3–4 mL/s. Contrast-enhanced scan was triggered by 150 HU density in abdominal aorta (at level of celiac axis) and portal venous phase was acquired with 60 s delay.
Inclusion criteria were: (a) immunopathological diagnosis of IMCC; (b) age > 18 years; (c) baseline hepatic venous phase CT. Exclusion criteria were: (a) previous treatment; (b) periductal infiltrating or intraductal growing patterns; (c) missing clinical data; (d) motion artifact on CT imaging. Demographics and clinical data were collected, including histologic grading and treatment. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT with injection of high-concentration iodine contrast (400 mg I/mL, Iomeron 400, Bracco, Italy), volume 90–130 mL (based on patient weight), flow rate 3–4 mL/s. Contrast-enhanced scan was triggered by 150 HU density in abdominal aorta (at level of celiac axis) and portal venous phase was acquired with 60 s delay.
6
Autologous BM-MSCs Scaffold Implantation
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Two incisions of up to 8 cm in length were made on the right and left side over the mandibular surface. Before the scaffold implantation, 20 × 106 of autologous BM-MSCs treated with FGF-2 (n = 2) or FGF-2 and BMP-2 (n = 2) were resuspended in 2 mL of 0.9% NaCl and seeded on each scaffold using a 3-mL syringe with a 27-gauge needle. After dissecting through the masseter muscle, a facial vein was isolated, and the scaffold was implemented around the vessel in a manner that enabled blood to flow through the vessel (Figure 1 a). To confirm the location of the scaffold and patency of a blood vessel, a computed tomography (CT) scan (Siemens Somatom Emotion 16) with iodine-based contrast (Iomeron 400, Bracco Imaging Deutschland GmbH, Konstanz, Germany) was performed after the implantation (Figure 1 b). After the surgery, the sheep were observed for a period of 6 months. Wound healing, the general health of the animals, and signs of inflammation were monitored.
7
Multi-Modal CT Imaging for Spinal Assessment
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CT data were acquired on six different MDCT scanners (GE Revolution and GE Optima, GE Healthcare; Somatom Definition AS+, Somatom Definition Edge, Somatom Drive, and Somatom Force, Siemens Healthineers). A peak tube voltage of 120 kVp and adaptive tube load was used for all images with the scanners in helical mode. Depending on the clinical indication, most scans were performed after application of intravenous contrast agent (Iomeron 400, Bracco) (n = 152). Arterial or portal venous phase scans were either acquired after a CT-attenuation threshold was surpassed in a region of interest (ROI) placed in the aorta (arterial) or after 70 s of delay (venous). Reconstructions for sagittal reformation of the spine were conducted with a standard bone kernel and 2 mm slice thickness. Clinical indications for CT imaging were not related to bone densitometry and included, e.g., acute and chronic back pain, suspected VF, as well as the assessment of acute thoracic and abdominal pathologies.
8
Coronary CTA Acquisition and Calcium Scoring
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CCTA was performed using either a 64-detector row (Aquilion 64, Toshiba Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan) or a 320-detector row computed tomography scanner (AquilionOne; Toshiba Medical Systems, Tochigi-ken, Japan). CCTA acquisition has been described in detail previously.20 (link),21 (link) In short, oral metoprolol was administered 1 hour before the scan in patients with a heart rate ≥65 beats per minute, unless contraindicated. In addition, sublingual nitroglycerin (0.4 mg/dose, 1–2 doses per patient) was administered directly before the CCTA examination. Iodinated contrast infusion (60–80 mL of 400 mg iodine/mL at 4–4.5 mL/s, Iomeron 400, Bracco, Milan, Italy) was followed by a saline flush. The gantry rotation time was 350 millisecond, tube current 500 (373–540) mA, and tube voltage 100 or 120 kV depending on patient size. Whenever feasible, prospectively triggered acquisition was applied to reduce radiation dose. Prior to the contrast injection, a nonenhanced electrocardiographic-triggered computed tomography scan was performed to assess the coronary artery calcium score and was reported in Agatston units.
9
Carotid CTA with Contrast Optimization
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Patients were examined on either of two 64-slice CT scanners (Brilliance 64 and Ingenuity, Philips, Best, The Netherlands). Intravenous iodine The CTA was performed with intravenous Iodine contrast in arterial phase, 12–15 s after administration.
Contrast medium were either 60 ml Iomeron 400 mg/ml (Bracco, Milan, Italy) or 70 ml Omnipaque 350 mg/ml (GE Healthcare, Chicago, USA), and patients were scanned from the aortic arch to the vertex, when the attenuation reached above 200 HU in the internal carotid artery at bolus pre scan.
Reconstructed and stored images: 0.8/0.4 mm (thickness/increment) source images, 3/2 mm. Maximal projection images reconstructions in axial, sagittal and coronary planes.
Contrast medium were either 60 ml Iomeron 400 mg/ml (Bracco, Milan, Italy) or 70 ml Omnipaque 350 mg/ml (GE Healthcare, Chicago, USA), and patients were scanned from the aortic arch to the vertex, when the attenuation reached above 200 HU in the internal carotid artery at bolus pre scan.
Reconstructed and stored images: 0.8/0.4 mm (thickness/increment) source images, 3/2 mm. Maximal projection images reconstructions in axial, sagittal and coronary planes.
10
Coronary CTA Acquisition Methodology
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Coronary CTA data acquisition was performed with a 320-slice CT scanner (Aquilion ONE, Toshiba Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan), using a collimation of 320×0.5 mm, gantry rotation time of 350 ms, and a temporal resolution of 175 ms. To maximize image quality, 25 to 150 mg metoprolol was administered orally 1 hour before the scan if the patient's heart rate exceeded 60 beats per minute; an additional dose of intravenous metoprolol (up to 15 mg) was administrated if the heart rate remained >65 beats per minute during the scout images. Sublingual nitroglycerin (0.4 mg) was administered before coronary CTA acquisition, unless contraindicated. First, a noncontrast 120 kV scan was performed for the calculation of the coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. Second, coronary CTA was acquired with prospective ECG gating covering 70% to 80% of the R-R interval. For patients with a regular heart rate of >65 beats per minute, 30% to 80% of the R-R interval was scanned to allow reconstructions of diastolic and systolic phases. A triphasic injection protocol was used to administer 60 to 90 mL of contrast agent (Iomeron 400, Bracco, Milan, Italy). CTA data were acquired the next heart beat after reaching the threshold of 300 HU in the descending aorta. Peak tube voltage was between 100 and 135 kV and tube current was between 140 and 580 mA depending on body habitus.
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