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12 protocols using ab6106

1

eCLIP Overlap Analysis and Validation

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Overlap between eCLIP datasets A and B was determined by calculating the fraction of significant and reproducible peaks in dataset A that overlapped (by at least one base) a peak in dataset B, and vice versa the fraction of peaks in B that overlapped a peak in A, and taking the maximum of those fractions as the overall pairwise fraction overlap. Only datasets with at least 100 reproducible and significant peaks were used for this analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis was performed using the GSEA software package [77 (link)]. RBP interaction data was obtained from the BioPlex 2.0 dataset [52 (link)].
IP-western validation was performed using HNNRPL (ab6106, Abcam), RBFOX2 (A300-864A, Bethyl), FMR1 (RN016P, Bethyl), AGGF1 (A303-634A, Bethyl), and TNRC6A (RN033P, MBLI) antibodies in UV crosslinked K562 cells. Immunoprecipitation in high-salt wash conditions was performed using standard eCLIP wash buffers, beads, and other reagents [18 (link)]. Low-salt co-immunoprecipitation conditions used identical conditions, except for lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Triton X-100, 0.1% Sodium deoxycholate, and Protease Inhibitor cocktail (Promega)) and wash buffer (5 washes total in TBS + 0.05% NP-40). Westerns were probed with HNNRPL (ab6106, Abcam) primary antibody and TrueBlot secondary (Rockland).
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2

Immunoblotting and Co-IP Antibody Protocol

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The Abs used for immunoblotting were rabbit anti-PTBP1 Ab (382421, Zen Bioscience), rabbit anti-PSF Ab (15585-1-ap, Proteintech), rabbit anti-H3 Ab (17168-1-ap, Proteintech), mouse anti–hRNP L Ab (ab6106, Abcam), rabbit anti–hRNP U Ab (ab172608, Abcam), rabbit anti–hRNP A1 Ab (ab208026, Abcam), mouse anti–hRNP F Ab (04-1462, Sigma-Aldrich), and mouse anti-actin Ab (66009-1-Ig, Proteintech). The Abs used for co-IP were mouse anti-PTBP1 Ab (MABE986, Sigma-Aldrich) and mouse anti-PSF Ab (P2860, Sigma-Aldrich). The Abs used for RIP analysis were mouse anti-PTBP1 Ab (MABE986, Sigma-Aldrich), mouse anti-PSF Ab (P2860, Sigma-Aldrich), mouse anti–hRNP L Ab (ab6106, Abcam), rabbit anti–hRNP U Ab (ab172608, Abcam), rabbit anti–hRNP A1 Ab (ab208026, Abcam), mouse anti–hRNP F Ab (04-1462, Sigma-Aldrich), and mouse normal immunoglobulin G (IgG; sc-2025, Santa Cruz Biotechnology). The Abs used for IF were mouse anti-PTBP1 Ab (MABE986, Sigma-Aldrich), rabbit anti-PSF Ab (15585-1-AP, Proteintech), fluorescein isothiocyanate–conjugated donkey anti-mouse IgG (SA00003-9, Proteintech), and CoraLite 647–conjugated donkey anti-rabbit IgG (SA00014-7, Proteintech).
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3

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Expression

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Western-Blot were performed as previously described20 (link)46 (link). Membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following antibodies: hnRNPL (Abcam ab6106, 1/2000), Galectin-3 (Abcam ab31707, 1/300) and β-actin (Sigma AC-15, 1/5000). The membranes were then incubated with peroxydase-conjugated secondary antibodies (Sigma-Aldrich) and revelation was performed with LAS 4000 (Fujifilm) using the West Pico chemoluminescent substrate (Perbio).
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4

Quantifying Autophagy Markers in Cancer Cells

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For detecting relative autophagy markers LC3 and P62, cancer cells were treated with EBSS containing 10 μM BAF or 50 nM CQ for 8 h before being lysed by RIPA buffer with PMSF on ice for 15 min. Then the cell lysis was mixed with 5× protein loading buffer and subsequently denaturalized at 100°C for 10 min. Total protein denaturants were separated by SDS-PAGE, transferred onto polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore), and blocked with 5% skim milk in Tris-buffered saline with 0.1% Tween® 20 detergent for 1 h. The membranes were incubated with primary antibodies against β-actin (BA2305, Boster), LC3A (NB100-2331, Novus), SQSTM1/P62 (sc-28359, Santa Cruz), HnRNP-L (ab6106, Abcam), and EGR1 (#4154 CST) at 4°C overnight. Then, all the membranes were immersed in horseradish peroxidase-linked secondary antibodies against rabbit or mouse IgG. Every experiment was carried out in three replicates. The bands were visualized using chemiluminescence imaging system (CLiNX ChemiScope Touch, Shanghai) and quantified by ImageJ software.
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5

Quantifying KDM4C Protein Levels

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For Western blot analysis, cells were lysed in 1× lysis buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl at pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM Na2EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 1% Triton X-100; Cell Signaling) supplemented with 1× complete protease inhibitors (Roche). Twenty to 50 μg of total protein was incubated overnight at 4°C with the following antibodies: 5 μg KDM4C antibody (A300-885A, Bethyl Laboratories), 5 μg hnRNPL antibody (ab6106, Abcam), 2 μg beta-tubulin (Millipore), or 2 μg TBP (ab818, Abcam). KDM4C protein levels were quantified using ImageJ software normalized to hnRNPL protein levels and are shown as the fold difference relative to the individual with the lowest expression.
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6

Immunohistochemical Detection of hnRNP-L

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hnRNP-L immunohistochemistry was performed as previously described54 (link) with the following modifications: saturation was performed by incubation in mouse Ig blocking reagent (1 h, RT, kit MOM PK2200, Vector). Then, sections were incubated 1 h using anti-hnRNP-L antibody at RT (mouse, Abcam ab6106, 1/100) in M.O.M diluent + Triton X 100 0.1% followed by an incubation for 30 min with M.O.M biotinylated anti-Mouse IgG reagent and for 5 min with M.O.M Vectastain Elite solution.
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7

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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10 µg of total protein lysates were loaded into 10% 37.5:1 bis-acrylamide SDS-PAGE gels. SDS-PAGE gels were transferred onto PDVF membranes and targeted proteins were visualized with a chemiluminescence system and subsequent imaging with an X-ray developer. Antibodies used to detect protein expression levels are as follows: CSTF2 (abcam: ab72297), CPSF3 (abcam: ab72299), CPSF6 (Santa Cruz: sc-100692), CPSF7 (Bethyl Laboratories: A301-360A), NUDT21 (abcam: ab183660), hnRNP L (abcam: ab6106), hnRNP A3 (abcam: ab78300), RBM3 (Proteintech: 14363-1-AP).
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8

Western Blot Analysis of hnRNPL Protein

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Cells were lysed in 1 × RIPA buffer (Thermo Fisher) supplemented with protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Diagnostics). Protein concentrations were determined by Bradford assays (Bio‐Rad). Forty‐five micrograms of proteins was separated by SDS–PAGE and electroblotted to PVDF membranes (Millipore). Membranes were blocked in 5% BSA in TBS‐T for 1 h at RT. Antibodies detecting hnRNPL (ab6106, Abcam; 1:1,000) and GAPDH (14C10, Cell Signaling Technology; 1:1,000) were diluted in blocking solution and incubated overnight. For detection, membranes were incubated with HRP‐conjugated anti‐mouse or anti‐rabbit secondary antibodies (GE‐Healthcare) for 1 h at RT. Blots were developed using Immobilon western chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore) and imaged using a ChemiDoc Touch Imaging System (Bio‐Rad).
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Protein Signaling

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Antibodies to hnRNPA1 (ab5832, ab50492), hnRNPA3 (ab50949), hnRNPA2/B1 (ab64800), hnRNPL (ab6106, ab65049) and GAPDH (ab8245) or β-actin (ab8227) as loading controls, were from Abcam. Antibodies against acetyl-Lys (9441), pAKT (40665) and AKT (9272) were from Cell Signaling Technology. Other antibodies used were: ERK (sc-93) and pERK (sc-7383) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology; KRAS (05–516) from Millipore and Talin (T3287) from Sigma-Aldrich.
Epidermal growth factor (EGF 20ng/ml), trichostatin (TSA, 0.5μM) and sodium butyrate were from Sigma-Aldrich, UO126 (10μM) from Promega, LY294002 (10μM) from Calbiochem and Fibronectin from BD Biosciences.
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10

SIRT1 Protein Regulation in Mouse Liver

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Liver tissues were homogenized with PLC lysis buffer containing protease inhibitor cocktail and cleared by centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 15 min. Protein concentration was determined using BCA method (Sigma). Equal amount of lysate from mouse liver extracts were resolved by SDS-PAGE, transferred onto PVDF membranes, and probed with antibodies recognizing the carboxy terminus of SIRT1 (#2028, Cell Signaling), Tubulin (#05–661, Millipore), Histone H2A (#2595, Cell Signaling), hnRNP L (ab6106, Abcam), and hnRNP C1/C2 (ab10294, Abcam). For immunoprecipitation (IP) assay, 1 mg of tissue extracts was incubated with pan-acetyl-lysine antibody immobilized to agarose beads (ICP0388, ImmuneChem) for overnight at 4 degree followed by washing with lysis buffer for six times. The resulting immunoprecipitants were eluted using 2X laemmli sample buffer and subjected to western blotting analysis using the indicated antibodies.
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