L arginine

C. albicans were treated with 15 μg/mL EVs from YNB or PBS control in different medium at 37 °C for 24 h. The influence of different amino acids on promoting proliferative effects was tested in 0.2% glucose YNB and YPD media in addition of 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% l-arginine, 0.2% l-cysteine, 0.2% l-proline, 0.2% l-leucine, 0.2% l-isoleucine, 0.2% l-valine, 0.2% l-methionine, 0.2% l-glutamic acid, 0.2% l-ornithine, 0.2% l-citrulline, and 0.2% l-histidine, respectively (all the amino acids were from Solarbio, Beijing, China). The influence of different glucose concentrations on promoting proliferative effects was tested using media including in RPMI 1640 medium with the addition of 0.2%, 2% glucose, and YNB medium in addition of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8%, and 2% glucose, respectively. The influence of oxidants and antioxidants on promoting proliferative effects was tested using media including 0.2% glucose YNB with 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM H₂O₂ (Boster, Wuhan, China) or 0.125 mM, and 0.25 mM glutathione (GSH) (Solarbio, Beijing, China). After being mixed in 96-well plates, C. albicans cells were serially diluted with PBS; then, 150 μL of C. albicans dilutions was spread on YPD plates. After 12 h of culture at 37 °C, the CFUs were counted. All the experiments were repeated in triple.