Peg 950 1050

TBPH containing 40 wt.% in water was purchased from Acros and concentrated through rotary evaporation under 70 bar, 40 °C to get higher concentration (50 wt.%). Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with the size 20 µm used in this study was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Propylene carbonate (3, 99.7% purity), vinyl ethylene carbonate (VEC, 99% purity), ethylene carbonate (EC, 98% purity), and butylene carbonate (BC, 98% purity) were obtained from Sigma Aldrich. Dimethyl sulfoxide was supplied from Sigma Aldrich. PEG with molecular weight in the range as follows: PEG 950–1050, PEG 35,000, PEO 200,000, PEO 400,000, PEO 1,000,000 were provided from Sigma Aldrich. Methylene blue, malachite green, cresol red, thymol blue, eosin Y disodium salt and methylene orange were obtained from Sigma Aldrich.

PEBAX MH 1657, consisting of 60 wt % poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and 40 wt % polyamide 6 (PA-6) was purchased from Arkema Co. Ltd. (Paris, France). Three grades of PEG, PEG950–1050 (average Mn 950–1050), PEG3350 (average Mn 3,350), and PEG35000 (average Mn 35,000), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Korea Ltd. (Yongin, Korea). Ethyl alcohol (94 wt %) was purchased from SK Chemicals Co., Ltd. (Gyeonggi, Korea). All materials in this study were used as received.