241 polarimeter

Manufactured by PerkinElmer

Sourced in United States

The 241 Polarimeter is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the optical rotation of a substance. It provides accurate and reliable measurements of the angle of rotation of plane-polarized light as it passes through a sample.

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Lab products found in correlation

Ifs 55 spectrometer, by Bruker (6 mentions) 5 mm tci cryoprobe, by Bruker (5 mentions) Avance 500 mhz, by Bruker (5 mentions) Equinox 55 s ft ir spectrophotometer, by Bruker (4 mentions) Maxis 4g q tof mass spectrometer, by Bruker (4 mentions) Avance 600 mhz spectrometer, by Bruker (4 mentions) Acquity uplc beh c18, by Waters Corporation (4 mentions) Silica gel, by Qingdao Marine Chemical (4 mentions) 6210 tof mass spectrometer, by Agilent Technologies (4 mentions) 5 mm tci inverse detection cryoprobe, by Bruker (4 mentions) Enspire multimode reader, by PerkinElmer (4 mentions) Silica gel 60, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Uv 2450 uv vis spectrophotometer, by Shimadzu (4 mentions) Sephadex lh 20, by Cytiva (3 mentions) J 815 spectrometer, by Jasco (3 mentions) Inova 400, by Agilent Technologies (3 mentions) Prominence hplc system, by Phenomenex (3 mentions) Luna c18 column, by Phenomenex (3 mentions) Avance 3 700 mhz spectrometer, by Bruker (3 mentions) Bbfo plus smartprobe, by Bruker (3 mentions)

77 protocols using 241 polarimeter

Characterization of Natural Compounds

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The optical rotation values were measured on a 241 polarimeter (Perkin-Elmer). The infrared spectra were measured by a FTS 165-IR instrument (Bio-Rad, USA). A Varian INOVA-400 FT-NMR spectrometer (USA) and a Bruker APEX II spectrometer were used to record the NMR and HRESIMS data, respectively. Different types of chromatographic materials were used for the fractionation of natural compounds, including Sephadex LH-20 (Amersham Biosciences), silica gel (200–300 mesh, Qingdao Haiyang Chemical Co., Ltd), and ODS (YMC Co., Ltd). Prep-HPLC separation was performed on a prep-HPLC manufactured by Hanbon Sci & Tech of China using a Megres C18 column (250 mm × 20 mm).

Wang J., Meng X.H., Chai T., Yang J.L, & Shi Y.P. (2019). Diterpenoid Alkaloids and One Lignan from the Roots of Aconitum pendulum Busch. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 9(6), 419-423.

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Characterization of Organic Compounds

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Optical rotation was determined on a PerkinElmer 241 polarimeter (Waltham, MA, USA), using a sodium lamp operating at 589 nm. The IR spectrum was measured on a Bruker IFS55 spectrometer (Billerica, MA, USA), using a chloroform solution to place a film of the compounds on the NaCl disk. NMR spectra were performed on Bruker AVANCE 600 MHz instruments at 298 K, and coupling constants are given in Hz. NMR experiments, COSY, HSQC, and HMBC, were acquired using standard pulse sequences. ³J_H,H values were measured from 1D ¹H-NMR. NMR data were processed using Topspin and MestReNova software (v 11.01, Santiago de Compostela, Spain). Mass spectra were recorded on a VG AutoSpec FISON spectrometer (Danvers, MA, USA). HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) separations were carried out with an LKB 2248 system (LKB-Producter AB, Bromma, Sweden) that was equipped with a photodiode array detector. All of the solvents used were HPLC-grade. HPLC chromatography was monitored by TLC, performed on AL Si gel Merck 60 F254 (Kenilworth, NJ, USA). TLC plates were visualized by UV light (365 nm) and phosphomolybdic acid solution 10 wt% in ethanol.

Cen-Pacheco F., Valerio-Alfaro G., Santos-Luna D, & Fernández J.J. (2019). Sclerin, a New Cytotoxic Cyclononapeptide from Annona scleroderma. Molecules, 24(3), 554.

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Comprehensive Spectroscopic Characterization

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Optical rotations were measured on a Perkin-Elmer 241 polarimeter. ECD spectra were recorded on a Jasco J-710 ECD spectrometer. UV and IR spectra were recorded on a Shimadzu UV spectrometer UV2401 and a Thermo Nicolet 6700 FT-IR spectrometer, respectively. 1D and 2D NMR spectra including ¹H NMR, COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC and T-ROESY spectra were obtained on a Bruker Avance 600 MHz NMR spectrometer with a 5 mm CPTXI Z-gradient probe, whereas a Bruker Avance II 900 MHz NMR spectrometer with a 5 mm ATM CPTCI Z-gradient probe was used to acquire the DEPT-Q spectrum. ¹H and ¹³C NMR chemical shifts were referenced to the DMSO-d₆ solvent signals (δ_H 2.49 and δ_C 39.7, respectively) or MeOH-d₄ solvent signals (δ_H 3.31 and δ_C 49.15, respectively). A mixing time of 60 ms was set for the TOCSY experiment and 200 ms for the T-ROESY experiment. The HMBC spectrum was recorded with the average ³J_CH of 8 Hz and the HSQC spectrum was measured with the average ¹J_CH of 145 Hz. HRESIMS and LC-MS data were obtained on a Shimadzu IT-TOF LC-MS spectrometer.

May D.S., Kang H.S., Santarsiero B.D., Krunic A., Burdette J.E., Swanson S.M, & Orjala J. (2018). Ribocyclophanes A – E, Glycosylated Cyclophanes with Antiproliferative Activity from Two Cultured Terrestrial Cyanobacteria. Journal of natural products, 81(3), 572-578.

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Spectroscopic Characterization of Natural Products

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Optical rotations were measured with a Perkin-Elmer 241 polarimeter. The UV spectra were conducted on a Shimadzu UV-2201 spectrometer. ECD spectra were recorded on a JASCO J-815 spectrometer. HRESIMS were recorded on Agilent Accurate-Mass-Q-TOF MS 6520 system equipped with electrospray ionization (ESI) source. NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AV-600 NMR spectrometer using TMS as an internal standard. The chromatographic silica gel (200–300 mesh) and polyamide (100–200 mesh) were purchased from Qingdao Marine Chemical Factory (Qingdao, China) and ODS (50 μm) was produced by YMC Co. LTD., Kyoto, Japan. Sephadex LH-20 was purchased from GE Healthcare. RP-HPLC separations were conducted using a Shimadzu LC-20AT liquid chromatograph with a YMC-PACK ODS-A column (250 × 10 mm, 5 μm) and Knauer K-2600 UV detector. Chiral separation was conducted in a Daicel AS-H column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) from Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Japan). TLC spots were visualized under UV light and by dipping into 10% H₂SO₄ in EtOH followed by heating. RAW 264.7 cells, human chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562) and human lung carcinoma (A549) cell lines were obtained from National infrastructure of cell line resource.

Liu Z., Zheng X., Wang Y., Tang M., Chen S., Zhang F., Li L., Zhang C, & Sun Y. (2018). Lignans and isoflavonoids from the stems of Pisonia umbellifera. RSC Advances, 8(29), 16383-16391.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Compounds

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Unless otherwise noted, all commercially available compounds were used without further purification. Preparative column chromatography SIL G-25 UV252 from Macherey & Nagel, particle size 0.040–0.063 nm (230–240 mesh, flash). Visualization of the developed TLC plates was performed with UV irradiation (254 nm) and by staining with vanillin stain. Optical rotations were measured on a Perkin-Elmer 241 polarimeter. Mass spectra were recorded on a Finnigan SSQ7000 (EI 70 eV) spectrometer and HRMS on a Ther-mo Fisher Scientific Orbitrap XL spectrometer. IR spectra were recorded on a Perkin-Elmer FT-IR Spectrum 100 using ATR-Unit. ¹H and ¹³C spectra were recorded at r.t. on Varian Mercury 600 or Inova 400 instruments with TMS as an internal standard. Analytical HPLC was performed on a Hewlett-Packard 1100 Series instrument using chiral stationary phases (Daicel AD, Daicel AS, Daicel IA, Daicel OD, Diacel OJ, or Chiralpak IC). Due to their relative instability under HPLC conditions, compounds 4b–i and 10j–l were transformed to the corresponding α,β-unsaturated ethyl esters before determination of the enantiomeric excess. The cascade products were stirred in the presence of Wittig reagent Ph₃P=CH₂CO₂Et (1.5 equiv) at r.t. in CH₂Cl₂ for 1 h yielding the desired α,β-unsaturated ethyl ester with 100% conversion. The α-ketoamides 1a,e,h were prepared as described previously.¹⁰

Joie C., Deckers K., Raabe G, & Enders D. (2014). An Asymmetric Organocatalytic Quadruple Cascade to Tetraaryl-Substituted 2-Azabicyclo[3.3.0]octadienones. Synthesis, 46(11), 1539-1546.

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Spectroscopic Analysis of Organic Compounds

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Optical rotations were measured on a Perkin–Elmer 241 Polarimeter. UV spectra were recorded on an Aminco/OLIS UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. ECD spectra were recorded on an AVIV Model 420 Circular Dichroism Spectrometer. IR spectra were measured with a Bruker Equinox 55/S FT–IR Spectrophotometer. Both 1D and 2D NMR spectra were obtained using a Bruker Avance 600 MHz spectrometer with ¹H{¹³C/¹⁵N} cryoprobe and a 500 MHz spectrometer with ¹³C/¹⁵N{¹H} cryoprobe; chemical shifts were referenced to the residual solvent peaks (CD₃OD: δ_H = 3.31, δ_C = 49.15). HRMS and MS/MS data were acquired with a Bruker MaXis 4G QTOF mass spectrometer. RP HPLC was performed using a Shimadzu Prominence HPLC system and a Phenomenex Luna C₁₈ column (250 × 10 mm, 5 µm).

Zhang F., Braun D.R., Chanana S., Rajski S.R, & Bugni T.S. (2019). Phallusialides A−E, Pyrrole-Derived Alkaloids Discovered from a Marine-derived Micromonospora sp. Bacterium Using MS-based Metabolomics Approaches. Journal of natural products, 82(12), 3432-3439.

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Comprehensive Spectroscopic Analysis of Compounds

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Optical rotations were measured using the 241 polarimeter (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA). Measurements of the UV spectra were carried out using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer UV-2450 (Shimadzu, Kyōto, Japan) and measurements of the ECD spectra were carried out using a J-815 spectropolarimeter (Jasco, Pfungstadt, Germany). NMR spectra were obtained using the Avance III 500 MHz spectrometer equipped with a BBFO (plus) SmartProbe (¹H 500 MHz, ¹³C 125 MHz) and the Avance III 700 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 5 mm TCI cryoprobe (¹H 700 MHz, ¹³C 175 MH) (both Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA). NMR data were referenced to selected chemical shifts of acetonitrile-d₃ (¹H: 1.94 ppm, ¹³C: 1.4 ppm), methanol-d₄ (¹H: 3.31 ppm, ¹³C: 49.2 ppm), and pyridine-d₅ (¹H: 7.22 ppm), respectively. HRESIMS mass spectra were recorded with a 1200 series HPLC-UV system (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) in combination with an ESI-TOF-MS (Maxis, Bruker). Performance of the measurements was conducted with a 2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 µm, C18 Acquity UPLC BEH (Waters, Milford, MA, USA) column, using MilliQ H₂O + 0.1% formic acid as solvent A and MeCN + 0.1% formic acid as solvent B (gradient: 5% B for 0.5 min increasing to 100% B in 19.5 min and maintaining 100% B for 5 min, flow rate: 0.6 mL/min, UV detection: 200–600 nm).

Pfütze S., Khamsim A., Surup F., Decock C., Matasyoh J.C, & Stadler M. (2023). Heimionones A–E, New Sesquiterpenoids Produced by Heimiomyces sp., a Basidiomycete Collected in Africa. Molecules, 28(9), 3723.

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Spectroscopic Analysis of Organic Compounds

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NMR spectra were acquired on a Bruker Ultra Shield 700 instrument, running at 700 MHz for ¹H and 176 MHz for ¹³C, respectively. Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in ppm relative to residual solvent signals (CDCl₃: 7.26 ppm for ¹H NMR, 77.16 ppm for ¹³C NMR). Mass spectra were recorded on a Bruker Maxis Impact spectrometer using electrospray (ES+) ionization referenced to the mass of the charged species. Optical rotations were measured on a PerkinElmer 241 polarimeter and [α]_D values are given in deg·cm·g⁻¹·dm⁻¹; concentration c is listed in g·(100 mL)⁻¹. Analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC) was performed using pre-coated aluminum-backed plates (Merck Kieselgel 60 F254) and visualized by ultraviolet irradiation or Hanessian’s stain. The enantiomeric ratio (er) of the products was determined by chiral stationary phase UPC² (Daicel Chiralpak IA column). Unless otherwise noted, analytical grade solvents and commercially available reagents were used without further purification. For flash chromatography (FC), silica gel (60, 35–70 μm, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 2-Nitrobenzofurans 1, 2-nitro-benzo[b]thiophene 1r, and imines 2 were obtained using literature procedures [58 (link),59 (link),60 (link)].

Saktura M., Skrzyńska A., Frankowski S., Wódka S, & Albrecht Ł. (2021). Asymmetric Dearomative (3+2)-Cycloaddition Involving Nitro-Substituted Benzoheteroarenes under H-Bonding Catalysis. Molecules, 26(16), 4992.

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Analytical Methods for Chemical Characterization

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Optical rotations were obtained using a Perkin-Elmer 241 polarimeter. IR spectra were recorded on a Bruker Alpha-P FT-IR spectrometer. UV spectra were acquired on an Amersham Biosciences Ultrospec 5300 Pro Spectrophotometer. CD spectra were measured on a Jasco J-715 spectropolarimeter. HR-ESI mass spectra were recorded on a Waters Micromass Q-ToF Ultima ESI-TOF mass spectrometer at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences Mass Spectrometry Laboratory. LC/MS analysis was performed on an Agilent 1200 Series HPLC system equipped with a diode array detector and a 6130 Series ESI mass spectrometer using an analytical Phenomenex Luna C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 mm × 100 mm). All NMR experiments were carried out on a Varian INOVA 600 MHz NMR spectrometer equipped with an indirect detection probe. HPLC purification was carried out on an Agilent 1100 or 1200 Series HPLC system (Agilent Technologies) equipped with a photo diode array detector. C18 Waters Sep-Pak cartridges were used for column chromatography. Merck precoated silica gel F254 plates and reverse-phase (RP)-18 F254s plates were used for TLC. Spots were detected on TLC under UV light or by heating after spraying with anisaldehyde-sulphuric acid.

Klassen J.L., Lee S.R., Poulsen M., Beemelmanns C, & Kim K.H. (2019). Efomycins K and L From a Termite-Associated Streptomyces sp. M56 and Their Putative Biosynthetic Origin. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 1739.

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Characterization of Bioactive Compounds

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Crystal data were measured using a Cu Kα radiation (graphite monochromator). Optical rotations were determined with a Perkin-Elmer 241 polarimeter. IR spectra were recorded on a Bio-Rad FTS-135 spectrometer with a KBr disk. 1D NMR and 2D NMR were recorded on a Bruker AM-400 spectrometer and a Bruker DRX-500 instrument. ESIMS and HRESIMS spectra were measured with a Finnigan MAT 90 instrument and VG Auto Spec-3000 spectrometer, respectively. Semi preparative HPLC was performed on a Merck column (i.d. 100–10 mm; Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). MCI gel (CHP20P, 75–150 μm, Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd.); Sephadex LH-20 (40–70 μm; Amersham Pharmacia Biotech AB, Uppsala, Sweden); Column chromatography was performed on silica gel (90–150 μm; Qingdao Marine Chemical Inc.); TLC plates were precoated with silica gel GF₂₅₄ and HF₂₅₄ (Qingdao Haiyang Chemical Plant, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China). Fractions were monitored by TLC and spots were visualized by heating silica gel plates sprayed with 10% H₂SO₄ in EtOH.

Yan X.H., Yi P., Cao P., Yang S.Y., Fang X., Zhang Y., Bin W.u., Leng Y., Di Y.T., Lv Y, & Hao X.J. (2016). 16-nor Limonoids from Harrisonia perforata as promising selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors. Scientific Reports, 6, 36927.

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