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4 protocols using rabbit anti phd2

1

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Hypoxia Markers

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We used paraformaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of one microgram tissue thickness as previously described [36 (link)]. In essence, heat-induced epitope retrieval was performed in a citrate buffer at pH 6.0 followed by diverse blocking steps and detection with the ABC Vectastain kit (Maravai Life Sciences, San Diego, USA). Immunohistochemistry for HIF-1α was done with the Dako CSAII-Kit (Dako Agilent, Santa Clara, USA). As primary antibodies we used rabbit-anti-HIF-1α (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA Cat# 10006421, RRID:AB_409037) at a dilution of 1:10.000, rat-anti-F4/80 (Bio-Rad, Hercules, USA Cat# MCA497, RRID:AB_2098196) at a dilution of 1:200, rat-anti-VEGF (BioLegend, San Diego, USA Cat# 512901, RRID:AB_2212504) at a dilution of 1:300, rabbit-anti-PHD2 (novus Biologicals, Cat# 100–137, RRID:AB_350074 at a dilution of 1:200. For the detection of F4/80 and VEGF, biotinylated anti-rat antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, USA Cat# sc-2041, RRID:AB_631752) and for the detection of PHD2, biotinylated anti-rat antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, USA, Cat# sc-2040, RRID:AB_631743) was used as the secondary antibody (1:200).
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2

Tissue Microarray Construction and Immunohistochemistry

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As previously reported [71 (link)], the TMAs were constructed using a tissue array instrument (Quick-Ray, UT06; UNITMA, Korea). Briefly, tissue cores (2 mm in diameter) were punched from representative formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue and put in order in the TMA blocks, which were then sectioned into series of 4-μm-thick slices. The expression of target proteins in TMA was tested through standard IHC methods, which were performed using primary antibodies, including mouse anti-PHD1 (1:100; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-PHD2 (1:100; NOVUS Biologicals, Littleton CO, USA), rabbit anti-PHD3 (1:250; NOVUS Biologicals, Littleton CO, USA), mouse anti-FIH (1:200; NOVUS Biologicals, Littleton CO, USA), mouse anti-HIF-1α (1:400; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), mouse anti-Ki-67 (1:200; Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) and rabbit anti-CD34 (1:350; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), incubated overnight at 4°C, and then incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:5000; Envision detection kit, DAKO) for 30 min at room temperature.
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Protein Expression Analysis in Tissues

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Total protein of tissues and SH-SY5Y cell were collected with lysis buffer, and the concentrations of proteins were measured. Aliquot proteins were separated on 10% SDS-PAGE and electroblotted onto polyvinylidene difluoride membranes. The membrane was blocked with 5% nonfat dried milk for 2 h, subsequently, incubated with primary antibody overnight at 4°C. Related antibodies were as follows: rabbit anti-GAPDH (1 : 10000, Abcam), rabbit anti-PHD2 (1 : 500, Novusbio), rabbit anti-p62 (1 : 2000, Abcam), rabbit anti-Beclin-1 (1 : 1000, CST), rabbit anti-LC3 (1 : 1000, CST), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (1 : 10000, Aspen).
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4

Protein Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Proteins in the tumor and paired ANLTs in a set of 24 randomly selected cases (from 81 HCC patients) were extracted using RIPA lysis buffer (50 mM Tris at pH 7.4, 150 mM NaCl, 1% NP-40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, and 0.1% SDS) with phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride (17.4 μg/μl) and a protease inhibitor cocktail (0.89 μg/μl, Sigma-Aldrich). After the protein concentration was determined using a BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce), the proteins were separated on SDS-polyacrylamide gels followed by transfer to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes, which were blocked in 5% fat-free milk with TBS-Tween-20 at room temperature for 1 h, followed by incubation with primary antibodies mouse anti-PHD1 (1:1000; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-PHD2 (1:1000; NOVUS Biologicals, Littleton CO, USA), rabbit anti-PHD3 (1:1000; NOVUS Biologicals, Littleton CO, USA), mouse anti-FIH (1:200; NOVUS Biologicals, Littleton CO, USA), or anti-β actin antibody (1:1000; Santa Cruz, USA) at 4°C overnight. Following incubation with an HRP-conjugated secondary antibody (1:5000; Jackson Immmuno Research Laboratories, INC, West Grove, PA, USA), the blots were visualized using enhanced chemiluminescence (Pierce Biotechnology, USA) and were exposed to the Syngene GBOX/iCHE gel imaging systems. The intensity of each band was analyzed by Image J and normalized to β-actin.
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