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4 protocols using bm 698

1

Autoradiographic Quantification of Olfactory Receptor Binding

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Freshly dissected, whole rat OE was removed and submerged in OCT mounting medium (25608-930; VWR) followed by snap freezing on dry ice. Frozen, embedded tissue was sliced in 10-μm coronal sections onto slides (4 sections per slide) using a cryostat (HM550; Thermo Fisher Scientific). Slides were immersed in 4% PFA in phosphate buffer (BM-698, Boston Bioproducts) containing 2% EtOH for 30 minutes followed by 10 mM Tris, pH 7.5, at 4°C for 10 minutes. Sections were then submerged for 20 minutes in 10 mM Tris buffer containing nonradiolabeled GV1-57 (10, 5, 0.5, 0.1, 0 μM) and 5% DMSO. To these solutions was added [11C]GV1-57 (~200 nCi), before incubation at RT for 12 minutes. Slides were then washed in 10 mM Tris buffer for 10 minutes at RT and dried under vacuum for 30 minutes at 25°C. All slides were exposed to multisensitive phosphor screens (PerkinElmer) for 1 hour and imaged with a Cyclone Plus Storage Phosphor system (PerkinElmer). Images were colored using the Rainbow lookup table in ImageJ (NIH) with equivalent thresholds for brightness. Intensity values for each OE slice were measured using ImageJ, background subtracted, and averaged across replicate sections. All values were normalized to those of the DMSO-treated OE sections and displayed using GraphPad Prism software.
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2

Martinostat Binding in Baboon Brain

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Frozen baboon (Papio anubis n=1) brain tissue spanning gray matter and white matter was sectioned (10 microns) with a cryostat (Thermo Scientific HM550) directly onto ColorFrost Plus microscope slides (Fisher Scientific 12-550-18). Sections were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate buffer (Boston Bioproducts, BM-698) containing 2% ethanol at 4°C for 30 min, and washed in 10 mM TrisHCl pH 7.5 at 4°C. Slices were co-incubated with ~100 μCi [11C]Martinostat, and either 0 μM or 2 μM of cold (non-radiolabeled) Martinostat in 5% DMSO (n=22 0 μM slices; n=10 2 μM slices) at room temperature for 12 min. Slices were washed in 10 mM TrisHCl pH 7.5 for 10 min and dried under vacuum at 25°C for 30 min. Slices were incubated with multi-sensitive screens (Perkin Elmer, 7001723) for 60 min and imaged with a Cyclone Plus Storage Phosphor system (Perkin Elmer). Images were smoothed with ImageJ using a Gaussian blur (3.0 radius) and colored using the Royal lookup table with equivalent thresholds for brightness. Raw intensity values from gray and white matter were quantified with the ImageJ measurement tool, with replicate mean values and standard deviation reported.
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3

Tissue Collection and Processing for Neuroscience Research

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To circumvent the confound of touchscreen training modifying the brain, we collected tissue from littermates matched to our touchscreen animals on P85 (n = 8 litters represented per sex, MIA and housing group). This allows for a better assessment of the role of poly (I:C) in our data interpretation. A mixture of Ketamine/Xylazine (150 mg/kg, i.p/15 mg/kg, i.p) was used to anesthetize animals. Animals were perfused intracardially with a chilled phosphate buffer solution. Prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral hippocampus were dissected from the hemisphere, frozen on dry ice and stored at −75°C until processing. The other hemisphere was post-fixed in a 4% paraformaldehyde, phosphate buffer 0.1M solution (BM-698, Boston BioProducts) overnight at 4°C. Tissue was submerged in ice cold 10% sucrose in PBS (with 0.1% sodium azide) and incubated at 4°C overnight. The next day, solution was replaced with 30% sucrose in PBS for 3 days. Tissue was then flash frozen with 2-methylbutane (O3551-4, Fisher Scientific) and stored at −75°C until sectioning.
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4

Neurobiological Response to Social Stress

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Ninety minutes after the P85 social investigation exposure, brains were collected for c-Fos immunohistochemistry and qPCR analyses. A mixture of Ketamine/Xylazine (150 mg/kg, i.p/15 mg/kg, i.p) was used to anesthetize animals. Blood was collected via cardiac puncture and placed into an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-coated microtainer tube (Becton Dickson, Franklin Lakes New Jersey). Samples were centrifuged at 1000 relative centrifugal force (rcf) for 10 min for plasma separation. Animals were perfused intracardially with a chilled phosphate buffer solution. Prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus were dissected from the left hemisphere. Samples were frozen on dry ice and stored at −75°C until processing. The right hemisphere was post-fixed in a 4% paraformaldehyde, phosphate buffer 0.1M solution (BM-698, Boston BioProducts) overnight at 4°C. Tissue was then submerged in ice cold 10% sucrose in PBS (with 0.1% sodium azide) and incubated at 4°C overnight. The following day, solution was replaced with 30% sucrose in PBS for 3 days. Tissue was rapidly flash frozen with 2-methylbutane (O3551–4, Fisher Scientific) and stored at −75°C until sectioning.
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