The oil was structurally characterized by a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) (Perkin Elmer, Massachusetts, USA) as described by Wacoo et al. [9 (link)], with slight modification. Briefly, a thin layer of the microbial oil sample was placed in between the potassium iodide cells and held firmly by the cell-holder prior to being placed into the FTIR for read-up. The spectrum for the microbial oil was measured from 400 cm−1 to 4000 cm−1 at a scan speed of 500 nm/min. The spectrum for the microbial oil was plotted on the same axis as those of sunflower, coconut, and palm oil for comparative purpose.
Fourier transform infrared ftir spectrophotometer
Manufactured by PerkinElmer
Sourced in United States
The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer is a laboratory instrument used to analyze the composition and structure of materials. It operates by measuring the absorption of infrared radiation by a sample. The FTIR spectrophotometer generates an infrared spectrum that represents the molecular absorption and transmission, providing information about the chemical bonds present in the sample.
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Lab products found in correlation
Zetasizer nano z, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions)
Dichloromethane, by SD Fine Chemicals (1 mentions)
Polyvinyl alcohol (pva), by SD Fine Chemicals (1 mentions)
Ftir 2000, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Gc ms model qp5050a, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Jmtc 400 54 ss, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Model 2400 chnso analyzer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
9 protocols using fourier transform infrared ftir spectrophotometer
1
Structural Characterization of Microbial Oil
2
Characterization of Engineered Nanoparticles
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The absorbance values of GANPs, HAuCl4, and sodium alginate were determined by a UV–Vis spectrophotometer (UV–Vis) instrument purchased from Shimadzu 1900I, Japan. 5 ml of each sample was placed in a cuvette and measured with an absorbance range of 200–600 nm. The size and shape of each sample were studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) through f50-FEI, Netherlands. Thin films of three different samples were fixed on a glass slide metalized for non-conductive samples, and examined under SEM. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX; Axia, Netherland) was used to examine the chemical composition, while X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD; Aeris, Netherland) was used to determine the crystalline size, lattice parameter, and crystal’s atomic arrangements of each sample. All samples were analyzed by Fourier-Transform-Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR; Perkin Elmer, USA) within a wavelength range of 500–4000 nm to characterize the present functional groups in the samples.
3
Nanoparticle Formulation and Characterization
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Low molecular weight heparin (Enoxaparin) was a gift sample from Gland Pharma Pvt. Ltd., (Hyderabad, India). Polylactide co-glycolide (PLGA) (50:50, 85:15) was purchased from PolySciTech, USA. Dichloromethane and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were purchased from SD Fine Chemicals Ltd. An ultraviolet (UV) - visible spectrophotometer from Thermo scientific was used. Qsonica probe sonicator, Cooling centrifuge Hittech MIKRO 220 R, Freeze dryer (Mini Lyodel) Chennai, India were used for formulation of Nanoparticles. A JSM-5200 scanning electron microscope (SEM), Japan, was used to study the surface morphology of nanoparticles. Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, United Kingdom) was used to measure the particle size and zeta potential of prepared nanoparticles. Differential scanning calorimeter from Shimadzu, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) from Perkin-Elmer and X-ray diffractometer, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) from PAN analytical were used. All other ingredients used in this study were of analytical grade.
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Ondansetron Nanoparticles
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The reagents used in the study were ferric nitrate (CDH Pvt. Ltd., Delhi, India), sodium silicate (CDH Pvt. Ltd.), orthophosphoric acid (Qualigens, Mumbai, India), sodium dodecyl sulphate (CDH Pvt. Ltd.), nitric acid (CDH Pvt. Ltd.), potassium chloride (CDH Pvt. Ltd.), sodium nitrate (CDH Pvt. Ltd.), the drug ondansetron (Meridian Medicare Pvt. Ltd., Solan, India). A digital pH meter (Elico L1-10, Pune, India), UV–visible spectrophotometer (Systronics 2202, Gujarat, India), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Hopkinton, MA, USA), scanning electron microscope (SEM Qant-250, model 9393, ThermoFisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR, USA) and transmission electron microscope (TEM Tecnai G2 20 S-Twin, FEI company, Hillsboro, OR, USA) were used. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was performed on a Zetasizer Nano (DTS ver.4.10, Serial no. MA L 500962, Malvern Instrument, Malvern, UK).
5
FTIR Analysis of Extracts
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Perkin-Elmer Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer was used for the FTIR analysis. The KBr salts were combined with the tested extracts using a mortar, and thin pellets were created by compression. Each sample was independently placed into the FTIR spectroscope (PerkinElmer FTIR2000, Waltham, MA, USA). The average of two separate observations from 4000 to 400 cm−1 with 128 scans, each at a resolution of 2 cm−1, was used to create each spectrum.
6
Physicochemical Characterization of Scopoletin
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The melting point of scopoletin was determined using the Barnstead Electrothermal IA 9000 series digital melting point apparatus equipped with a microscope. Perkin Elmer Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer which applied Universal Attenuated Total Reflection (UATR) was used to determine infrared spectra of the samples. The infrared spectra of the sample were observed in the range 280–4000 cm−1. The mass spectrum of the compound was recorded by using a Shimadzu Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometer (GC–MS) model QP5050A with BPX5 (5% phenylmethylsilane) capillary column (30 × 250 μm × 0.25 μm). A JEOL Fourier-Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FT-NMR) spectrometer was used to determine proton (1H) and carbon-13 (13C) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of the compound. 1H NMR was measured at 500 MHz while 13C NMR was measured at 125 MHz. Two-dimensional (2D) NMR including correlated spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear multiple bond connectivity by heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) and heteronuclear multiple quantum correlation (HMQC) were also done. The antidiabetic and antioxidant assays were performed using the µ-QUANT model microplate reader.
7
Comprehensive Characterization of Fe3O4@OA-CS-5-FLU-NPs
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Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) of Fe3O4@OA-CS-5-FLU-NP was analyzed by a X’Perto Pro, PANalytical X-ray diffractometer using a CuKα energy source (λ=1.5406 Å). The Fe3O4@OA-CS-5-FLU-NPs were further characterized using a Perkin Elmer Fourier transform-infra red (FT-IR) spectrophotometer. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of the Fe3O4@OA-CS-5-FLU-NP were collected using a JSM-6390LVJEOL (Japan) to analyze surface morphology. The magnetic properties of the Fe3O4@OA-CS-5-FLU-NPs were studied using a Lakeshore 7404-vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was done on a SDT Q600 (USA) TA instrument.
8
Analytical Characterization of Compounds
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All of the materials and solvents used in the experiments were classified as analytical reagent grade unless otherwise specified. Thin-layer chromatography was conducted on glass plate silica gel 60 F254 (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) and then visualized under Ultra Violet (UV) 254 and 366 nm. 1 H-Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum were recorded on a JMTC-400/54/SS (500 MHz, JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) spectrometer. Infra Red (IR) spectra were determined as KBr pellets of the solids on a Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA). The molecular weight of the compound was elucidated using mass spectrometer (Shimadzu, Japan).
9
Analytical Techniques and Cell Culture Methods
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Chemistry Elemental analyses were performed using a model 2400 CHNS/O analyzer (PerkinElmer, Inc., U.S.A.). All the values were within ±0.4% of the theoretical values; melting points (mp; uncorrected) were determined using an open capillary on a Gallenkamp melting point apparatus (Sanyo Gallenkamp, U.K.). Precoated silica gel plates (Kieselgel 0.25 mm, 60 F254, Merck, Germany) were used for thin layer chromatography. A developing solvent system of chloroform-methanol (8 : 2) was used, and the spots were detected by ultraviolet light. IR spectra (KBr disc) were recorded using a Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer (Per-kinElmer, Inc., U.S.A.). 1 H-NMR spectra were scanned on a NMR spectrophotometer (Bruker AXS Inc., Switzerland), op-erating at 500 MHz for 1 H, and 125.76 MHz for 13 Four tumor cell lines were utilized in this study, namely the HeLa, HepG2, Daoy, and the HT-29 cells. These cell lines were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, U.S.A.). HeLa, HepG2, and HT-29 cells were cultured in DMEM/high glucose supplemented with 10% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin. Daoy cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10% FBS, 2 mM L-glutamine, and 1% penicillin-streptomycin.
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